CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT00703729Updated Sep 10, 2015Results posted

Compression and Cold Therapy on the Post-Operative Shoulder

An interventional study of Cold Compression (CC) and Ice Wrap (IW) in Postoperative Pain and Shoulder Pain, sponsored by University of Colorado, Denver. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 75 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2015-09-10.

Sponsored by University of Colorado, Denver · Not applicable, Interventional, and Supportive care

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
58
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 75 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare clinical post-operative outcomes for patients using active cooling and compression device and those using ice bags and elastic wrap after acromioplasty or arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

02

Conditions studied

  • Postoperative Pain
  • Shoulder Pain

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03

In context

Shoulder Pain

707 studies on the registry are indexed under Shoulder Pain; 152 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 58 is close to the median of 60 across 561 interventional studies indexed under Shoulder Pain.

Browse Shoulder Pain studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Colorado, Denver is the lead sponsor of 1,499 studies on the registry; 315 are open to participants now.

Of its 139 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 89 (64%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 75 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Patient has undergone unilateral Rotator cuff repair or Acromioplasty
  • Willing to sign a consent form
  • Able to follow study procedures

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Non-ambulatory
  • Participation in concurrent investigational protocol
  • Any bleeding coagulopathies
  • Raynaud's disease or other vasospastic hypersensitivity or circulatory syndromes
  • Hypertension (due to secondary vasoconstriction)
  • Compromised local circulation (including localized compromise due to multiple surgical procedures)
  • A history of vascular impairment (such as frostbite or arterial sclerosis)
  • Cold allergy (cold urticaria) or prior adverse reactions to cold application
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Local limb ischemia
  • Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
  • Cryoglobulinemia or any disease that produces a marked cold pressor response
  • Inflammatory phlebitis
  • Acute inflammations of the veins (thrombophlebitis)
  • Decompensated cardiac insufficiency
  • Arterial dysregulation
  • Erysipelas
  • Deep acute venal thrombosis (phlebothrombosis)
  • Carcinoma and carcinoma metastasis in the affected extremity
  • Decompensated hypertonia
  • Pulmonary embolisms
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Suspected deep vein thrombosis
  • Acute inflammatory skin diseases
  • Infection
  • Venous or arterial occlusive disease
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Supportive care
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
58 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Cold Compression (CC)

    The Game Ready device provides both active, continuous cold and intermittent, pneumatic compression to the post-op shoulder. The first group will use the Game Ready™ Device (CC) for one week following surgery and will use standard ice bags wrapped to the shoulder (IW) for the remainder of the study period.

    Device: Cold Compression (CC)

  • Active comparator
    Ice Wrap (IW)

    The ice bag (IW)is secured to the shoulder using an elastic wrap. The second group will use standard ice bags wrapped to the shoulder (IW) for one week following surgery and will use the Game Ready™ Device (CC) for the remainder of the study period

    Other: Ice Wrap (IW)

Interventions

  • DeviceCold Compression (CC)

    The device is applied to the shoulder within 60 minutes of arrival to the recovery room following surgery. The device will be applied at one hour intervals (60 minutes on the shoulder, 60 minutes off) during waking hours for the first 72 hours after surgery. For the remainder of the study period, therapy will be applied for one hour treatments 2-3 times a day during waking hours.

  • OtherIce Wrap (IW)

    The ice bag is applied to the shoulder within 60 minutes of arrival to the recovery room following surgery. The ice bag is placed on the shoulder and the elastic wrap is used to hold the bag in place. The ice will be applied at one hour intervals (60 minutes on the shoulder, 60 minutes off) during waking hours for the first 72 hours after surgery. For the remainder of the study period, therapy will be applied for one hour treatments 2-3 times a day during waking hours.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Patient Reported Pain on Day 0

    Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

    Time frame: 1 day

  2. Patient Reported Pain on Day 1

    Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

    Time frame: 1 day

  3. Patient Reported Pain on Day 2

    Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

    Time frame: 1 day

  4. Patient Reported Pain on Day 3

    Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

    Time frame: 1 day

  5. Patient Reported Pain on Day 4

    Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

    Time frame: 1 day

  6. Patient Reported Pain on Day 5

    Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

    Time frame: 1 day

  7. Patient Reported Pain on Day 6

    Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

    Time frame: 1 day

  8. Patient Reported Pain on Day 7

    Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

    Time frame: 1 day

Secondary outcomes

  1. Use of Pain Medication on Day 1

    Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

    Time frame: 1 day

  2. Use of Pain Medication on Day 2

    Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

    Time frame: 1 day

  3. Use of Pain Medication on Day 3

    Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

    Time frame: 1 day

  4. Use of Pain Medication on Day 4

    Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

    Time frame: 1 day

  5. Use of Pain Medication on Day 5

    Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

    Time frame: 1 day

  6. Use of Pain Medication on Day 6

    Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

    Time frame: 1 day

  7. Use of Pain Medication on Day 7

    Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

    Time frame: 1 day

07

Results

Posted Sep 10, 2015
Limitations and caveats
Some patients were removed from the trial due to non-compliance, most commonly for failing to complete the pain diaries. There is also some inherent recall bias in asking a patient to fill out a diary.

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneCold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Started2524
Completed2521
Not completed03

Outcome measures

PrimaryPatient Reported Pain on Day 0

Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Visual Analog Score (0-100)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 0
Visual Analog Score (0-100)Cold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 030.2 ± 34.324.2 ± 30.0
SecondaryUse of Pain Medication on Day 1

Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Morphine Equivalent Dosage
Use of Pain Medication on Day 1
Morphine Equivalent DosageCold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Use of Pain Medication on Day 138.6 ± 20.437.3 ± 25.2
PrimaryPatient Reported Pain on Day 1

Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Visual Analog Score (0-100)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 1
Visual Analog Score (0-100)Cold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 138.8 ± 24.447.4 ± 29.2
PrimaryPatient Reported Pain on Day 2

Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Visual Analog Score (0-100)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 2
Visual Analog Score (0-100)Cold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 234.5 ± 19.236.5 ± 29.1
PrimaryPatient Reported Pain on Day 3

Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Visual Analog Score (0-100)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 3
Visual Analog Score (0-100)Cold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 330.1 ± 19.533.2 ± 27.8
PrimaryPatient Reported Pain on Day 4

Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Visual Analog Score (0-100)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 4
Visual Analog Score (0-100)Cold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 430.6 ± 26.333.5 ± 24.5
PrimaryPatient Reported Pain on Day 5

Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Visual Analog Score (0-100)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 5
Visual Analog Score (0-100)Cold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 523.4 ± 19.228.0 ± 27.1
PrimaryPatient Reported Pain on Day 6

Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Visual Analog Score (0-100)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 6
Visual Analog Score (0-100)Cold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 627.3 ± 22.826.0 ± 26.2
PrimaryPatient Reported Pain on Day 7

Pain was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) 10 cm in length, with "no pain" at the left side of the scale and "extreme pain" at the right side. Scores were measured to the closest millimeter for a 0-100 scale.

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Visual Analog Score (0-100)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 7
Visual Analog Score (0-100)Cold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Patient Reported Pain on Day 724.8 ± 19.923.0 ± 27.7
SecondaryUse of Pain Medication on Day 2

Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Morphine Equivalent Dosage
Use of Pain Medication on Day 2
Morphine Equivalent DosageCold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Use of Pain Medication on Day 238.0 ± 28.733.2 ± 25.1
SecondaryUse of Pain Medication on Day 3

Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Morphine Equivalent Dosage
Use of Pain Medication on Day 3
Morphine Equivalent DosageCold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Use of Pain Medication on Day 330.5 ± 29.828.9 ± 25.6
SecondaryUse of Pain Medication on Day 4

Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Morphine Equivalent Dosage
Use of Pain Medication on Day 4
Morphine Equivalent DosageCold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Use of Pain Medication on Day 422.8 ± 29.614.3 ± 16.5
SecondaryUse of Pain Medication on Day 5

Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Morphine Equivalent Dosage
Use of Pain Medication on Day 5
Morphine Equivalent DosageCold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Use of Pain Medication on Day 518.9 ± 27.911.0 ± 14.1
SecondaryUse of Pain Medication on Day 6

Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Morphine Equivalent Dosage
Use of Pain Medication on Day 6
Morphine Equivalent DosageCold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Use of Pain Medication on Day 618.1 ± 26.07.7 ± 12.0
SecondaryUse of Pain Medication on Day 7

Pain medication was quantified using a morphine equivalent dosage (MED) with the following scale: 1 mg of oral morphine = 1 morphine equivalent. 3 mg morphine = 3 mg hydrocodone = 2 mg oxycodone

Time frame:
1 day
Reported as:
Mean · Morphine Equivalent Dosage
Use of Pain Medication on Day 7
Morphine Equivalent DosageCold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)
Use of Pain Medication on Day 711.8 ± 16.76.3 ± 11.5

Adverse events

Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Cold Compression (CC)—0/25 (0%)0/25 (0%)
Ice Wrap (IW)—0/24 (0%)0/24 (0%)

Baseline characteristics

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Cold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)Total
Mean55.4 ± 10.655.8 ± 11.255.6 ± 10.8
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Cold Compression (CC)Ice Wrap (IW)Total
Female13821
Male121628
08

Study locations

1 site
  • CU Sports Medicine
    Boulder, Colorado 80304, United States
09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 10, 2015, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT00703729
Lead sponsor
University of Colorado, Denver
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 23, 2008
Start date
Jun 2008
Primary completion
Dec 2014
Completion
Dec 2014
Results posted
Sep 10, 2015
Last update
Sep 10, 2015

Study contacts

Eric C McCarty, MD
principal investigator · University of Colorado, Denver

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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