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TerminatedNCT00575484Updated Jan 24, 2014

Concentrated Saline Infusions and Increased Dietary Sodium With Diuretics for Heart Failure With Kidney Dysfunction

A Phase 2 interventional study of Hypertonic saline, then oral sodium chloride and Normal saline, then oral placebo capsule in Congestive Heart Failure and Renal Insufficiency, sponsored by Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Terminated at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2014-01-24.

Sponsored by Barnes-Jewish Hospital · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
11
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

At present the standard management of fluid overload in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) involves limiting the intake of salt and water while administering high dose diuretics, often at the cost of deteriorating kidney function. However, another group of researchers has previously shown that intravenously infusing small volumes of concentrated saline during diuretic dosing and liberalizing dietary salt intake while continuing to limit water consumption resulted in improved fluid removal in CHF patients. Furthermore, less deterioration in kidney function, shorter hospitalizations, reduced readmission rates, and even reduced mortality were observed. The present study will examine this novel therapy in a population of 60 patients with underlying severe CHF and kidney dysfunction hospitalized for the management of fluid overload. Half of these patients will receive investigational treatment with concentrated salt infusions and liberalized salt consumption during diuretic therapy. All patients will otherwise receive the standard therapies for heart failure, including restrictions on water consumption. This study will attempt to verify the improvements in clinical endpoints previously described and define the mechanisms of enhanced fluid removal.

02

Conditions studied

  • Congestive Heart Failure
  • Renal Insufficiency

Keywords

  • Congestive Heart Failure
  • Renal Insufficiency
  • Hypertonic Saline Solution
  • Diuretic Resistance
  • Cardiorenal Syndrome
03

In context

Renal Insufficiency

1,994 studies on the registry are indexed under Renal Insufficiency; 173 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 11 is below the median of 43 across 1,503 interventional studies indexed under Renal Insufficiency.

Browse Renal Insufficiency studies →

Lead sponsor

Barnes-Jewish Hospital is the lead sponsor of 6 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Adult patients (age ≥18) admitted with CHF exacerbation with NYHA Class III-IV symptoms at screening.
  • Left ventricular ejection fraction \</= 45%, as determined by previous echocardiogram, left ventricular angiogram, or thallium myocardial imaging.
  • Estimated GFR \<60 ml/min/1.7m² with significant prerenal physiology as judged by prior documented volume mediated changes in renal function, a fractional excretion of urea \<35%, or a fractional excretion of sodium \<1%. For GFR 30-60: must have serum sodium \</= 135 mEq/L OR large home diuretic dose (total daily loop diuretic dose >/= 120 mg/d in furosemide equivalents OR concomitant thiazide use). For GFR \<30: no additional criteria needed.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Admit estimated GFR \< 15mL/min or predicted need for chronic hemodialysis within the next 60 days.
  • Cause of acute kidney injury other than prerenal physiology.
  • No loop diuretic prior to admission or loop diuretic initiated within the 2 wks prior to admission.
  • Medicine or dietary noncompliance expected to prevent successful study participation.
  • > 36hrs since presentation to screening.
  • Serum Na > 145 mEq/L OR \< 120 mEq/L at screening.
  • Systolic blood pressure > 180 mmHg at screening.
  • Presentation with acute coronary syndrome OR left heart catheterization planned at screening.
  • Current or impending respiratory failure at screening.
  • Current calcineurin inhibitor or nesiritide use.
  • Nephrotic-range proteinuria.
  • Clinical evidence for the presence of cirrhosis with bilirubin >/= 2mg/dL or international normalized ratio (not on coumadin) >/= 1.7.
  • Presence of another active medical issue which may prolong hospital admission or delay aggressive CHF therapy.
  • Participation in another interventional study.
  • Pregnancy.
  • Prisoners.
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
11 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Placebo comparator
    1

    Drug: Normal saline, then oral placebo capsule

  • Active comparator
    2

    Drug: Hypertonic saline, then oral sodium chloride

Interventions

  • DrugHypertonic saline, then oral sodium chloride

    2mL/kg hypertonic saline (4.4% NaCl if serum sodium \</=135, else 2.8% NaCl) infused over 30min BID and dosed simultaneously with IV bolus furosemide BID (latter dose per treating physician) until patient is switched to oral loop diuretic. After switch to oral diuretic, subject will receive oral 0.75gm sodium (NaCL) capsule dosed BID with loop diuretic (latter dose per treating physician) until 60d after discharge.

  • DrugNormal saline, then oral placebo capsule

    20mL normal saline infusion X 30min BID dosed simultaneously with IV bolus furosemide BID (latter dose per treating physician) PLUS 2gm sodium diet PLUS 1.5L fluid restriction. After switch to oral diuretic, begin oral placebo capsule BID, dosed with loop diuretic (dose per treating physician) PLUS 2gm sodium diet PLUS 1.5L fluid restriction.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. duration of hospitalization

    Time frame: duration of hospitalization

  2. weight loss at discharge

    Time frame: duration of hospitalization

  3. weight loss at 60 days

    Time frame: 60 days after discharge

Secondary outcomes

  1. number of readmissions

    Time frame: 60 days after discharge

  2. GFR by creatinine clearance at discharge

    Time frame: duration of hospitalization

  3. estimated GFR at 60 days after discharge

    Time frame: 60 days after discharge

  4. 24hr urine output at discharge

    Time frame: last 24hrs of hospitalization

  5. need for inotrope or extracorporeal volume removal

    Time frame: 60 days after discharge

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Barnes-Jewish Hospital; Washington University School of Medicine
    Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Paterna S, Parrinello G, Amato P, Dominguez L, Pinto A, Maniscalchi T, Cardinale A, Licata A, Amato V, Licata G, Di Pasquale P. Tolerability and efficacy of high-dose furosemide and small-volume hypertonic saline solution in refractory congestive heart failure. Adv Ther. 1999 Sep-Oct;16(5):219-28. PubMed 10915397 ↗
  • Paterna S, Di Pasquale P, Parrinello G, Amato P, Cardinale A, Follone G, Giubilato A, Licata G. Effects of high-dose furosemide and small-volume hypertonic saline solution infusion in comparison with a high dose of furosemide as a bolus, in refractory congestive heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2000 Sep;2(3):305-13. doi: 10.1016/s1388-9842(00)00094-5. PubMed 10938493 ↗
  • Licata G, Di Pasquale P, Parrinello G, Cardinale A, Scandurra A, Follone G, Argano C, Tuttolomondo A, Paterna S. Effects of high-dose furosemide and small-volume hypertonic saline solution infusion in comparison with a high dose of furosemide as bolus in refractory congestive heart failure: long-term effects. Am Heart J. 2003 Mar;145(3):459-66. doi: 10.1067/mhj.2003.166. PubMed 12660669 ↗
  • Paterna S, Di Pasquale P, Parrinello G, Fornaciari E, Di Gaudio F, Fasullo S, Giammanco M, Sarullo FM, Licata G. Changes in brain natriuretic peptide levels and bioelectrical impedance measurements after treatment with high-dose furosemide and hypertonic saline solution versus high-dose furosemide alone in refractory congestive heart failure: a double-blind study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005 Jun 21;45(12):1997-2003. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.01.059. PubMed 15963399 ↗
09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 24, 2014, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT00575484
Lead sponsor
Barnes-Jewish Hospital
Collaborators
Washington University School of Medicine
Responsible party
Anitha Vijayan, MD (Professor of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine) — Principal investigator
First posted
Dec 18, 2007
Start date
Nov 2007
Primary completion
Jul 2008
Completion
Jul 2008
Last update
Jan 24, 2014

Study contacts

Anitha Vijayan, M.D.
principal investigator · Renal Division, Washington University School of Medicine
Kamalanathan K Sambandam, M.D.
principal investigator · Renal Division, Washington University School of Medicine
Gregory A Ewald, M.D.
principal investigator · Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is terminated, as verified in Jan 2014. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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