Use of SV40 Vectors to Treat Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

A novel methodology that facilitates specific silencing of genes has recently been developed. The method is based on the property of small molecules of nucleic acids (RNA) to specifically repress expression of targeted genes. These small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules were recently demonstrated to repress, in tissue culture cells, one of the two types of the common fusion genes present in CML patients. Those studies showed that treatment with synthetic siRNA inhibited cell growth and increased the sensitivity to imatinib. These findings offer hope that a novel form of gene therapy based on this strategy may improve the treatment outcome of CML patients, particularly when used in combination with other approaches such as the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib that was mentioned above.

Our group has developed an innovative vector that is most suitable to deliver siRNA molecules into human hematopoietic cells with sufficient efficacy. The vector is based on a monkey virus called simian virus 40 (SV40). The viral coat, or capsid, is produced biosynthetically. It was engineered to self-assemble in the test tube around the nucleic acids of choice, and to deliver this DNA or RNA into target cells. This vector is safer than other available viral vectors since all the viral genetic material is excluded from the final product. The vector does not elicit immune response, thus allowing repeated administration.We will start the project by testing the recently published siRNA molecules against one of the fusion genes, and several alternative siRNA molecules that we will design against the other fusion genes. The molecules will be tested for efficacy in tissue culture cell-lines, by measuring repression of the respective fusion gene, reduction in the level of the tyrosine kinase and inhibition of cell growth. The most effective siRNA molecules will be selected for further studies. The vectors will be tested on cell-lines for gene silencing and cell death as before. At the final stage we will test the best vectors for their efficacy in white blood cells obtained from CML patients.