ClinicalTrials.gg
Not yet recruitingNCT07879677Updated Oct 19, 2026

A Virtual Reality Program for Nursing Home Residents With Physical Disabilities

An interventional study of Psychological intervention in Older Adults Institutionalized in Residential Homes, sponsored by Tung Wah College. Not yet recruiting. Open to participants aged 60 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-10-19.

Sponsored by Tung Wah College · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Updated Oct 19, 2026Newly registeredGo to Updates ↓
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
400
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
60 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This project will evaluate how well the immersive virtual reality psychological program works in residential care homes and how it can be used in everyday practice. We will test its effects on mood, well-being, social connection, and related outcomes, while also examining what helps or hinders delivery in real-world settings, including any adaptations needed to make routine use feasible.

It is needed to close the gap between success shown in controlled research and the realities of daily care, where staffing, management support, and diverse resident needs can affect results. By studying effectiveness and implementation together, we can learn whether the program works across different homes and how to sustain it over time.

Residents may benefit through improved mood, well-being, and feelings of social support. Care homes may gain an engaging, adaptable activity that fits limited mobility and sensory needs, and the broader community and policymakers may receive practical guidance to implement, scale, and maintain an evidence-based mental health program for older adults in residential care.

Read the detailed description

This study uses a Type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation design with a single-blind, two-arm, three-matched-pair cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) and mixed-methods evaluation. Residential homes serve as clusters to minimize contamination, improve efficiency, and enhance real-world applicability. The trial follows SPIRIT guidelines and will recruit 400 participants from six residential homes in Sichuan Province, China.

Homes will be matched and randomized to intervention or usual care. Written informed consent will be obtained after full explanation of procedures, risks, and benefits, following ethics approval and the Declaration of Helsinki.

Intervention and Procedures

Intervention (IVRPP): 12 sessions (\~60 minutes each) delivered twice weekly over 6 weeks by trained college student volunteers. Each session includes \~10 min briefing, \~30 min immersive VR (Natural Scenes, Tourism, or Reminiscence via Oculus Quest 2), and \~10 min debrief. Sessions occur in small groups (2-3 participants) with nurse oversight and real-time tablet monitoring. Safety protocols include seated positioning and 10-minute postsession observation for VR sickness.

Control: Usual care only.

Justification: The program integrates evidence-based immersive VR with intergenerational support to improve mental well-being in a scalable, low-resource format suitable for residential care.

Assessments (T0: baseline, T1: post-intervention, T2: 3-month follow-up):

  • Primary: GAD-7 and PHQ-9 (\~5-10 min).
  • Secondary: WHO-5, curiosity scale, loneliness scale, TALE reminiscence, EQ-5D-5L (\~20-30 min total per timepoint).

Implementation evaluation (RE-AIM framework): Quantitative indicators (recruitment, fidelity, retention) plus semi-structured interviews with staff/leaders (\~30-45 min) and participant exit interviews (\~10-20 min).

Data Analysis Quantitative: Data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics and generalized estimating equations (GEE) Qualitative: Thematic analysis of interview transcripts. Mixed-methods triangulation will link effectiveness and implementation findings.

Roles and Timeline

  • Research team: Lead design, training, oversight, and analysis.
  • Service team (college faculty/students, home staff): Co-implementation, scheduling, and supervision. Nurse coordinates clinical aspects.

Timeline (approx. 9-18 months total):

  • Months 1-3: Preparation and baseline.
  • Months 4-15: Intervention delivery.
  • Months 16-18: Follow-ups, interviews, and analysis.

This pragmatic design rigorously evaluates both effectiveness and real-world implementability while keeping participant burden low.

02

Conditions studied

  • Older Adults Institutionalized in Residential Homes

Keywords

  • immersive virtual reality
  • mental health
  • depression
  • loneliness
  • health-related quality of life
  • older people
03

In context

Psychological Well-Being

1,045 studies on the registry are indexed under Psychological Well-Being; 509 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 400 is above the median of 113 across 888 interventional studies indexed under Psychological Well-Being.

Browse Psychological Well-Being studies →

Lead sponsor

Tung Wah College is the lead sponsor of 17 studies on the registry; 9 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
60 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Aged 60 years or above
  • Current resident of a residential care home
  • Physical disability indicated by a Modified Barthel Index (MBI) score ≤ 90 (i.e., moderately dependent or worse)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Probable dementia, defined by a Mainland Chinese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score
  • Severe visual impairment, defined as best-corrected visual acuity \< 6/60
  • Severe hearing impairment, indicated by a failed whisper voice test [27],
  • Bilateral upper-limb paralysis, defined by a Medical Research Council Muscle Power Scale score \< 4
  • Participation in any virtual reality program within the past six months.
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Care provider, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
400 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    IVR Therapeutic Program

    Immersive Virtual Reality (Natural Scenes, Tourism, or Reminiscence via Oculus Quest 2)

    Other: Psychological intervention

  • No intervention
    Control

    Usual care

Interventions

  • OtherPsychological intervention

    Intervention (IVRPP): 12 sessions (\~60 minutes each) delivered twice weekly over 6 weeks by trained college student volunteers. Each session includes \~10 min briefing, \~30 min immersive VR (Natural Scenes, Tourism, or Reminiscence via Oculus Quest 2), and \~10 min debrief. Sessions occur in small groups (2-3 participants) with nurse oversight and real-time tablet monitoring. Safety protocols include seated positioning and 10-minute post-session observation for VR sickness.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. GAD-7

    Depression

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of intervention and three-month follow-up

  2. PHQ-9

    Anxiety

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of intervention and three-month follow-up

Secondary outcomes

  1. World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5)

    Well-being

    Time frame: From enrolment to the end of intervention and three-month follow-up

  2. Curiosity Scale

    Curiosity

    Time frame: From enrolment to the end of intervention and three-month follow-up

  3. Loneliness Scale

    Loneliness

    Time frame: From enrolment to the end of intervention and three-month follow-up

  4. Thinking About Life Experiences (TALE) Reminiscence

    Reminiscence

    Time frame: From enrolment to the end of intervention and three-month follow-up

  5. EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L)

    Quality of Life

    Time frame: From enrolment to the end of intervention and three-month follow-up

07

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

08

References and documents

Publications

  • Pachana NA. Using implementation science to progress psychogeriatrics. Int Psychogeriatr. 2021 Sep;33(9):847-849. doi: 10.1017/S1041610221001198. No abstract available. PubMed 34607622 ↗
  • Hawe P. Lessons from complex interventions to improve health. Annu Rev Public Health. 2015 Mar 18;36:307-23. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031912-114421. Epub 2015 Jan 7. PubMed 25581153 ↗
  • Kwan RYC, Su JJ, Lee JLC, Ng F, Lai M, Lei C, Chan S. The effects of a therapeutic immersive virtual reality programme on the mental health of residential care home residents living with physical disabilities: A multi-centre randomised controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2026 Feb;174:105307. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2025.105307. Epub 2025 Nov 25. PubMed 41349267 ↗
  • Johnson AL, Ecker AH, Fletcher TL, Hundt N, Kauth MR, Martin LA, Curran GM, Cully JA. Increasing the impact of randomized controlled trials: an example of a hybrid effectiveness-implementation design in psychotherapy research. Transl Behav Med. 2020 Aug 7;10(3):629-636. doi: 10.1093/tbm/iby116. PubMed 30476315 ↗
  • Wong AKC, Wong FKY, Chow KKS, Kwan DKS, Lau DYS, Lau ACK. A health-social service partnership programme for improving the health self-management of community-dwelling older adults: a hybrid effectiveness-implementation pilot study protocol. Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2023 Nov 8;9(1):184. doi: 10.1186/s40814-023-01412-0. PubMed 37941087 ↗
  • Batalden M, Batalden P, Margolis P, Seid M, Armstrong G, Opipari-Arrigan L, Hartung H. Coproduction of healthcare service. BMJ Qual Saf. 2016 Jul;25(7):509-17. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004315. Epub 2015 Sep 16. PubMed 26376674 ↗

Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · Aug 2, 2026

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — Participant Privacy \& the Lack of Ethics Committee Approval for IPD sharing

09

Updates

1 registry update since Sep 25, 2026
Registered
First appeared on the registry. No changes since
Oct 19, 2026
Show all 1 update
  1. Oct 19, 2026
    First appeared on the registry

From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07879677
Lead sponsor
Tung Wah College
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Oct 19, 2026
Start date
Oct 13, 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
Jun 11, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Aug 11, 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Oct 19, 2026

Study contacts

Rick Yiu Cho Kwan, PhD
Contact
rickkwan@twc.edu.hk
+852 3468 6813
Jingjing Su, PhD
Contact
jjsu@twc.edu.hk
+852 3725 6115

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Oct 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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