An interventional study of Virtual Reality and Spinal manipulation in Chronic Nonspecific Low-back Pain and CNSLBP, sponsored by Cairo University. Recruiting at 1 site in Egypt. Open to participants aged 20 Years to 55 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-10-15.
Sponsored by Cairo University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the acute effects of virtual reality exergames (VR-EXG) and spinal manipulation on pain, kinesiophobia, mood states, functional disability and lumbar range of motion in individuals with chronic nonspecific low back pain.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
Researchers will compare participants receiving VR-EXG with those receiving spinal manipulation to determine whether one intervention produces greater acute improvements in pain, kinesiophobia, mood states, functional disability and lumbar range of motion.
Participants will be divided into two groups to be compared: the first group will receive virtual reality exergaming (VR-EXG), while the second group will receive spinal manipulation.
Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging rehabilitation approach that can reduce pain , Kinesiophobia and functional disability in people with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP). Spinal manipulation is a commonly used manual therapy that can provide short-term pain relief and improve physical function in CNSLBP. Both interventions may also influence psychological responses associated with chronic pain, including mood states and kinesiophobia. However, most studies have investigated VR and spinal manipulation separately rather than directly comparing their acute effects. Therefore, it remains unclear which intervention produces greater immediate improvements in pain, lumbar range of motion, mood states, functional disability and kinesiophobia. Comparing these interventions may address this gap and provide evidence on their relative acute effects in individuals with CNSLBP.
Cairo University is the lead sponsor of 4,909 studies on the registry; 1,445 are open to participants now.
Of its 37 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 5 (14%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
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Exclusion Criteria:
The virtual reality group will participate in games designed to enhance strength and range of motion while activating postural muscles.
Other: Virtual Reality
The spinal manipulation group will receive lumbar spinal manipulation techniques designed to reduce pain and improve range of motion.
Other: Spinal manipulation
The participants will receive a single session of VR Exergames
The participants will receive a single session of spinal manipulation
Pain intensity measured using the visual analogue Scale (VAS)
To evaluate the acute effect of the intervention on pain intensity. Scores range from 0 (no pain) to 10 ( worst pain).
Time frame: Pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention and follow up (1 week post-intervention).
Kinesiophobia measured by the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK)
To assess the acute effect of the intervention on Kinesiophobia . The Total score ranges from 17 to 68 , with higher scores indicating greater Kinesiophobia and Scores above 37 indicating clinically relevant Kinesiophobia.
Time frame: Pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention and follow up (1 week post-intervention).
Lumbar Range of Motion using a digital inclinometer
This device measures range of motion including lumbar flexion, lumbar extension and side bending.
Time frame: Pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention and follow up (1 week post-intervention).
Mood states measured using the Arabic Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS-AR)
To evaluate the acute effect of the intervention on mood states. Scores range from 0 to 64, with higher scores indicating greater mood disturbance.
Time frame: Pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention and follow up (1 week post-intervention).
Functional disability measured using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)
To assess disability related to low back pain. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater disability.
Time frame: Pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention and follow up (1 week post-intervention).
Plan to share: No
From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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