Caffeine-Induced Thermogenesis Assessed by Infrared Thermography

Browse trials for

• Coitus 116

Keywords

• caffeine
• Infrared Thermography
• Brown Adipose Tissue
• Thermogenesis
• Body Mass Index
• Sex

Coitus

116 studies on the registry are indexed under Coitus; 50 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 36 is below the median of 148 across 85 interventional studies indexed under Coitus.

Lead sponsor

Istanbul Health and Technology University is the lead sponsor of 3 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Study arms

• Experimental
  Carbohydrate Gel Followed by Caffeine

  All participants received a carbohydrate gel at the beginning of the 120-minute experimental protocol, followed by 200 mg of caffeine at 45 minutes

  Dietary Supplement: Carbohydrate Gel · Dietary Supplement: Caffeine

Interventions

• Dietary supplementCarbohydrate Gel

  Participants received a carbohydrate gel providing 53 g of carbohydrate (PowerGel Mojito, Ingobio, Türkiye) at the beginning of the 120-minute experimental protocol.

• Dietary supplementCaffeine

  Participants received one capsule containing 200 mg of caffeine (Nature's Supreme Caffeine, Türkiye) at 45 minutes during the 120-minute experimental protocol.

Primary outcomes

1. Supraclavicular Temperature (Tscv)

   Right and left supraclavicular regions of interest (ROIs) were manually delineated as triangular areas on infrared thermographic images. For each ROI, the infrared thermography software calculated the mean temperature of the entire delineated area, yielding separate right and left Tscv values. Mean Tscv was then calculated as the arithmetic mean of the right and left Tscv values. Temperature was expressed in degrees Celsius (°C).

   Time frame: Infrared thermography measurements were repeated every 15 minutes throughout the 120-minute experimental protocol, at baseline (0 min) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 min.

2. Reference Region Temperature (Tref)

   A circular region of interest (ROI) was manually delineated over the BAT-free sternal region on infrared thermographic images. The infrared thermography software calculated the mean temperature of the entire delineated ROI, yielding the reference region temperature (Tref). Temperature was expressed in degrees Celsius (°C).

   Time frame: IRT measurements were repeated every 15 minutes throughout the 120-minute experimental protocol, at baseline (0 min) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 min.

3. Relative Supraclavicular Temperature (Trel)

   Relative supraclavicular temperature (Trel) was calculated as the difference between supraclavicular temperature (Tscv) and reference region temperature (Tref) at each measurement time point (Trel = Tscv - Tref). Right and left Trel values were calculated separately using the corresponding right and left Tscv values and the Tref value. Mean Trel was then calculated as the arithmetic mean of the right and left Trel values. Trel was expressed in degrees Celsius (°C).

   Time frame: Trel was calculated using the Tscv and Tref values measured by infrared thermography at each time point of the 120-minute experimental protocol: baseline (0 min) and 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 min.

4. Delta Temperature (ΔT)

   Delta temperature (ΔT) was calculated as the change in supraclavicular temperature from the resting/baseline temperature (Td). The supraclavicular temperature measured at baseline (0 min), before carbohydrate gel administration, was defined as Td. Carbohydrate gel was administered after the baseline measurement, and caffeine was administered at 45 min. Supraclavicular temperatures measured at each subsequent time point (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 min) were considered stimulated temperatures (Ts), and ΔT was calculated as Ts - Td. Thus, ΔT at each time point represented the change in supraclavicular temperature relative to the baseline value. Right and left ΔT values were calculated separately, and mean ΔT was calculated as the arithmetic mean of the right and left ΔT values. ΔT was expressed in degrees Celsius (°C).

   Time frame: ΔT was calculated using supraclavicular temperature (Tscv) values measured by infrared thermography (IRT), with the baseline (0 min) Tscv value used as the resting temperature (Td), at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 min during the 120-minute experi

Secondary outcomes

1. Estimated Core Temperature

   Estimated core temperature was assessed from the forehead using a non-contact infrared thermometer and was expressed in degrees Celsius (°C).

   Time frame: Estimated core temperature was measured at baseline (0 min) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 min during the 120-minute experimental protocol.

2. Systolic Blood Pressure

   Systolic blood pressure was measured using an automated sphygmomanometer and was expressed in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

   Time frame: Systolic blood pressure was measured at baseline (0 min) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 min during the 120-minute experimental protocol.

3. Diastolic Blood Pressure

   Diastolic blood pressure was measured using an automated sphygmomanometer and was expressed in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

   Time frame: Diastolic blood pressure was measured at baseline (0 min) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 min during the 120-minute experimental protocol.

4. Heart Rate

   Heart rate was measured using an automated sphygmomanometer and was expressed in beats per minute (bpm).

   Time frame: Heart rate was measured at baseline (0 min) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 min during the 120-minute experimental protocol.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — Individual participant data will not be shared because no data-sharing plan was specified in the original study protocol or informed consent documents.