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Not yet recruitingNCT07838870CBT-i and UASUpdated Sep 24, 2026

Does the Timing of Insomnia Therapy (CBT-i) Impact the Usage and Compliance of Upper Airway Stimulation (UAS) Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)

An interventional study of Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT-i)-COAST in Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Comorbid Insomnia and Sleep Apnea and Insomnia, sponsored by Thomas Kaffenberger. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-24.

Sponsored by Thomas Kaffenberger · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
100
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
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Study summary

Obstructive sleep apnea, or OSA, affects over 1 billion adults worldwide. OSA is one of many sleep disorders. Individuals can suffer from more than one sleep disorder at a time. Insomnia (difficulty falling or staying asleep) is a separate sleep disorder that is very often seen in OSA patients. Depending on reports, insomnia can be present in 30%-60% of patients diagnosed with OSA. This research is being conducted to determine whether treating insomnia can help patients with OSA to have better outcomes when treating their OSA.

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Conditions studied

  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea
  • Comorbid Insomnia and Sleep Apnea
  • Insomnia

Keywords

  • obstructive sleep apnea
  • apnea
  • insomnia
  • comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea
  • upper airway stimulation
  • hypoglossal nerve stimulation
  • Noctem
  • University of Pittsburgh
  • compliance
  • cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia
  • CBT-i
  • COAST
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In context

Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

2,240 studies on the registry are indexed under Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; 475 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 100 is above the median of 52 across 1,472 interventional studies indexed under Sleep Apnea, Obstructive.

Browse Sleep Apnea, Obstructive studies →

Lead sponsor

This is the only study on the registry with Thomas Kaffenberger as lead sponsor.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • being seen and treated at the designated study locations for OSA with:
  • a diagnosis of insomnia (defined as ISI ≥10, or prescribed hypnotic medication (trazadone, zolpidem, eszopiclone, doxepin), or a diagnosis of insomnia [International Classification of Sleep Disorders 3 criteria]).
  • internet-capable device (e.g., smartphone, tablet, or computer)
  • able to download and use the COAST app for administration of the intervention
  • able to download and Inspire smartphone app utilized for clinical compliance information collection
  • Included patients must meet FDA indications for UAS (qualifying apnea-hypopnea index score (AHI), (AHI) and appropriate anatomical airway collapse pattern as evaluated through clinically required drug induced sleep endoscopy DISE) and be scheduled for UAS implantation in typical clinical care settings at UPMC.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • -engaged in CBT-I in past 6 months
  • does not have access to or unable to use internet capable device (smartphone, tablet or computer)
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

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Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Sequential assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
100 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Upfront Digital CBT-i Arm

    Digital CBT-i will be delivered prior to Upper Airway Stimulation activation in patients with comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea

    Device: Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT-i)-COAST

  • Active comparator
    Delayed Digital CBT-i Arm

    Digital CBT-i will be delivered approximately 3 months after Upper Airway Stimulation activation in patients with comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea

    Device: Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT-i)-COAST

Interventions

  • DeviceDigital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT-i)-COAST

    The COAST application will generate treatment recommendations after approximately one week of participant data entry. COAST's treatment recommendations are based on the core components of CBT-I-stimulus control, sleep restriction, cognitive therapy, and relaxation-with additional strategies targeting nightmares and daytime fatigue as needed. Weekly assessments and daily sleep diaries help the COAST algorithms make recommendations. The study clinician must review and approve, or change, all recommendations before they are sent to the participant. This tailored approach allows for modification of COAST's recommendations based on clinician expertise and knowledge of the participant. To further enhance the treatment process, the clinician is available by secure message to provide rapid support and/or schedule an appointment as needed. These features offer personalization for each participant, consistent with case-conceptualization based on individual sleep needs.

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. UAS adherence

    UAS adherence will be measured by average hours of use per night

    Time frame: 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-UAS activation

  2. Change in Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)

    The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) is a patient's subjective assessment of their ability to fall and stay asleep. The ISI is a 7 item measure. Answers per item range from 0-4 (0 meaning none/very satisfied-4 meaning very severe/very dissatisfied). Scoring totals range from 0-28. Lower score is better. Higher score suggests worse insomnia.

    Time frame: Change from Baseline at Activation, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. UAS adherence-overall usage

    UAS adherence measured by % days used. This will be calculated dividing the number of days the UAS was turned on by the number of days since last timepoint which will yield a percentage. The higher the percentage, the better the compliance. (1 month\~30 days; 3 months\~90 days; 6 months\~180 days)

    Time frame: 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-UAS activation

  2. UAS adherence- % nights with >= 4 hours of usage

    4 hours of nightly usage is an historical OSA treatment benchmark for compliance. This outcome measure will be calculated by identifying the number of nights the UAS system was used for 4+ hours and dividing it by the overall number of nights used to achieve a percentage. This will be calculated for each timepoint in the study. Higher percentage suggests better compliance.

    Time frame: 1 month post activation, 3 months post activation, and 6 months post activation.

  3. UAS average number of pauses per night

    UAS systems have the ability to be paused during usage. Common reasons for "pausing" are for comfort (so they can more easily fall back to sleep), to use the restroom, to take a drink/or take medication. Increased pausing can be associated with discomfort (the UAS system being too strong) or associated with sleep disorders (such as incomplete control of OSA or low arousal threshold). Pause events will be tallied and divided by the total number of nights the UAS system was used. Lower number of average pauses leads to higher overall usage of the UAS system and is preferred. This information can also be used to direct clinicians to readjust UAS settings or reeducate patients.

    Time frame: 1 month post activation, 3 months post activation, and 6 months post activation.

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Study locations

1 site
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References and documents

Publications

  • Lettieri CJ, Shah AA, Holley AB, Kelly WF, Chang AS, Roop SA; CPAP Promotion and Prognosis-The Army Sleep Apnea Program Trial. Effects of a short course of eszopiclone on continuous positive airway pressure adherence: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009 Nov 17;151(10):696-702. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-151-10-200911170-00006. PubMed 19920270 ↗
  • Sweetman A, Lack L, Catcheside PG, Antic NA, Smith S, Chai-Coetzer CL, Douglas J, O'grady A, Dunn N, Robinson J, Paul D, Williamson P, McEvoy RD. Cognitive and behavioral therapy for insomnia increases the use of continuous positive airway pressure therapy in obstructive sleep apnea participants with comorbid insomnia: a randomized clinical trial. Sleep. 2019 Dec 24;42(12):zsz178. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsz178. PubMed 31403168 ↗
  • Kaffenberger TM, Chandna M, Kaki P, Corr AM, Plawecki A, Doghramji K, Boon M, Huntley C. Reduced usage of upper airway stimulation therapy in patients with comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023 Dec 1;19(12):1997-2004. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.10752. PubMed 37589148 ↗
  • Dhanda Patil R, Hong MP, Ishman SL. Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation in Veterans With Comorbid Insomnia and Sleep Apnea. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021 Jun;164(6):1345-1353. doi: 10.1177/0194599820982638. Epub 2021 Jan 5. PubMed 33399502 ↗
  • Soose RJ, Faber K, Greenberg H, Boon M, Woodson T, Strollo P. Post-implant care pathway: lessons learned and recommendations after 5 years of clinical implementation of hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy. Sleep. 2021 Apr 27;44(Supplement_1):S4-S10. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa279. PubMed 33313900 ↗
  • Trauer JM, Qian MY, Doyle JS, Rajaratnam SM, Cunnington D. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Aug 4;163(3):191-204. doi: 10.7326/M14-2841. PubMed 26054060 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — De-identified IPD may be shared with the study sponsor Inspire Medical as a condition of funding and verification of study milestones achieved. Additionally, enrollment details will be shared with Noctem as part of the study conduct.

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 24, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07838870
Lead sponsor
Thomas Kaffenberger
Collaborators
Inspire Medical Systems, Inc., Noctem, LLC
Responsible party
Thomas Kaffenberger (Assistant Professor, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Sep 24, 2026
Start date
Nov 5, 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
Apr 30, 2028 (estimated)
Completion
Nov 30, 2028 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 24, 2026

Study contacts

Tina Harrison
Contact
Harrisonta@upmc.edu
412-232-3282
Thomas Kaffenberger
principal investigator · University of Pittsburgh

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Sep 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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