An interventional study of Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) and Fundal Mucosal Ablation in Obesity and Obesity (Body Mass Index >30 kg/m2), sponsored by West Virginia University. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-10-19.
Sponsored by West Virginia University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
The ENLIGHT Trial is a single-center, randomized controlled trial evaluating whether adding fundal mucosal ablation (FMA) to endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) improves weight loss and metabolic outcomes in adults with obesity. ESG reduces stomach volume through endoscopic suturing, while FMA uses Hybrid Argon Plasma Coagulation to ablate ghrelin-producing mucosa in the gastric fundus, potentially reducing hunger and improving satiety. Because previous ESG with FMA studies were small and single-arm, this trial is designed to provide comparative evidence against ESG alone.
Eligible adults aged 18 years or older with a BMI of at least 30 kg/m² and a history of unsuccessful weight-loss attempts will be enrolled. Participants will be randomized on the procedure day to either ESG with FMA or standard ESG alone. The ENLIGHT Trial is a single-center, randomized controlled trial evaluating whether adding fundal mucosal ablation (FMA) to endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) improves weight loss and metabolic outcomes in adults with obesity. ESG reduces stomach volume through endoscopic suturing, while FMA uses Hybrid Argon Plasma Coagulation to ablate ghrelin-producing mucosa in the gastric fundus, potentially reducing hunger and improving satiety. Because previous ESG with FMA studies were small and single-arm, this trial is designed to provide comparative evidence against ESG alone.
Eligible adults aged 18 years or older with a BMI of at least 30 kg/m² and a history of unsuccessful weight-loss attempts will be enrolled. Participants will be randomized 1:1 on the procedure day to either ESG with FMA or standard ESG alone. The primary outcome is the difference between groups in percentage total body weight loss at 12 months. Secondary outcomes include percent excess weight loss, fasting ghrelin levels, blood pressure and antihypertensive medication use, lipid profile, fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and fibrosis measures, quality of life, pain, gastric symptoms, appetite and eating behavior, and the frequency and severity of adverse events.
Obesity is associated with a number of chronic health conditions, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and metabolic liver disease. Treatment options include lifestyle modification, anti-obesity medications, bariatric surgery, and endoscopic weight-loss procedures.
ESG is an endoscopic procedure in which full-thickness sutures are placed to reduce the volume and length of the stomach and create a sleeve-like configuration. The gastric fundus is generally preserved during ESG. Although ESG has been shown to produce clinically meaningful weight loss, weight loss following ESG is generally less than that achieved with surgical sleeve gastrectomy.
One possible explanation for this difference is the role of the gastric fundus in appetite regulation. The fundus contains a large number of cells that produce ghrelin, a hormone involved in hunger and food intake. Procedures that remove or alter the gastric fundus may reduce circulating ghrelin levels. Fundal mucosal ablation (FMA) is an emerging endoscopic technique designed to treat the mucosal lining of the gastric fundus while preserving the stomach itself. Early studies have suggested that FMA may reduce fasting ghrelin levels and may contribute to reductions in hunger and body weight. The ENLIGHT trial is designed to determine whether adding FMA to standard ESG provides additional benefit compared with ESG alone.
Participants assigned to the ESG group will undergo standard ESG under general anesthesia. Participants assigned to the ESG with FMA group will undergo standard ESG together with FMA during the same procedure. Following the procedure, participants in both groups will receive similar standard post-procedure care. Participants will be followed for approximately 52 weeks after the procedure.
Study Significance
The ENLIGHT Trial is intended to provide comparative evidence regarding whether adding FMA to ESG improves weight loss while maintaining an acceptable safety and tolerability profile. The study will also help determine whether the combined procedure has additional effects on metabolic health, obesity-related conditions, patient-reported outcomes, and fasting ghrelin levels.
11,522 studies on the registry are indexed under Obesity; 2,033 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 62 is close to the median of 67 across 9,006 interventional studies indexed under Obesity.
Browse Obesity studies →West Virginia University is the lead sponsor of 157 studies on the registry; 36 are open to participants now.
Of its 19 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 16 (84%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Exclusion Criteria:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.
What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).
Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.
Periods have stopped for good: usually no period for 12 months in a row without another medical reason, sometimes confirmed by a blood test (FSH).
Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.
Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.
Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.
BMI (body mass index)
Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.
What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Childbearing potential
Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).
Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Postmenopausal
Periods have stopped for good: usually no period for 12 months in a row without another medical reason, sometimes confirmed by a blood test (FSH).
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Contraception
Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.
Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Clinically significant
Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Device: Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) · Procedure: Fundal Mucosal Ablation
Device: Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG)
Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is performed under general anesthesia using a flexible endoscope and full-thickness endoscopic suturing. Sutures are placed along the greater curvature of the stomach to create a smaller, sleeve-like gastric configuration while preserving the gastric fundus. The procedure is intended to reduce gastric volume, promote earlier satiety, and support weight loss.
Fundal mucosal ablation is performed during the same procedural session as endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty. The gastric fundal mucosa is lifted using a submucosal injection of saline and methylene blue and then treated with controlled Hybrid Argon Plasma Coagulation. The procedure is intended to ablate superficial ghrelin-producing mucosa in the gastric fundus, potentially reducing hunger and supporting weight loss.
Percentage Change in Total Body Weight (%TBWL) from baseline to 1 month
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Percentage Change in Total Body Weight (%TBWL) from baseline to 3 month
Time frame: Baseline to 3 month
Percentage Change in Total Body Weight (%TBWL) from baseline to 6 month
Time frame: Baseline to 6 month
Percentage Change in Total Body Weight (%TBWL) from baseline to 9 month
Time frame: Baseline to 9 month
Percentage Change in Total Body Weight (%TBWL) from baseline to 12 month
Time frame: Baseline to 12 month
Percent change in Excess Weight Loss (%EWL) from baseline to 1 month
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Percent change in Excess Weight Loss (%EWL) from baseline to 3 month
Time frame: Baseline to 3 month
Percent change in Excess Weight Loss (%EWL) from baseline to 6 month
Time frame: Baseline to 6 month
Percent change in Excess Weight Loss (%EWL) from baseline to 9 month
Time frame: Baseline to 9 month
Percent change in Excess Weight Loss (%EWL) from baseline to 12 month
Time frame: Baseline to 12 month
Number of Participants With Procedure-Related Adverse Events (1 Month)
Time frame: Up to 1 month after procedure
Number of Participants With Procedure-Related Adverse Events (3 Month)
Time frame: Up to 3 month after procedure
Number of Participants With Procedure-Related Adverse Events (6 Month)
Time frame: Up to 6 month after procedure
Number of Participants With Procedure-Related Adverse Events (9 Month)
Time frame: Up to 9 month after procedure
Number of Participants With Procedure-Related Adverse Events (12 Month)
Time frame: Up to 12 month after procedure
Change in Plasma Ghrelin level from baseline to 1 month
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Plasma Ghrelin level from baseline to 6 month
Time frame: Baseline to 6 month
Change in Plasma Ghrelin level from baseline to 12 month
Time frame: Baseline to 12 month
Change in Systolic Blood Pressure from Baseline to 1 Month
Systolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using a standardized blood pressure measurement procedure.
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure from Baseline to 1 Month
Diastolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using a standardized blood pressure measurement procedure.
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Systolic Blood Pressure from Baseline to 3 Months
Systolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using a standardized blood pressure measurement procedure.
Time frame: Baseline to 3 months
Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure from Baseline to 3 Months
Diastolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using a standardized blood pressure measurement procedure.
Time frame: Baseline to 3 months
Change in Systolic Blood Pressure from Baseline to 6 Months
Systolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using a standardized blood pressure measurement procedure.
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure from Baseline to 6 Months
Diastolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using a standardized blood pressure measurement procedure.
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in Systolic Blood Pressure from Baseline to 9 Months
Systolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using a standardized blood pressure measurement procedure.
Time frame: Baseline to 9 months
Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure from Baseline to 9 Months
Diastolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using a standardized blood pressure measurement procedure.
Time frame: Baseline to 9 months
Change in Systolic Blood Pressure from Baseline to 12 Months
Systolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using a standardized blood pressure measurement procedure.
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure from Baseline to 12 Months
Diastolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) using a standardized blood pressure measurement procedure.
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose from Baseline to 1 Month
Fasting plasma glucose concentration will be measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose from Baseline to 6 Months
Fasting plasma glucose concentration will be measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose from Baseline to 12 Months
Fasting plasma glucose concentration will be measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in Fasting Serum Insulin Concentration from Baseline to 1 Month
Fasting serum insulin concentration will be measured in milli-international units per milliliter (mIU/mL).
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Fasting Serum Insulin Concentration from Baseline to 6 Months
Fasting serum insulin concentration will be measured in milli-international units per milliliter (mIU/mL).
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in Fasting Serum Insulin Concentration from Baseline to 12 Months
Fasting serum insulin concentration will be measured in milli-international units per milliliter (mIU/mL).
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from Baseline to 1 Month
HbA1c will be measured as a percentage (%) of total hemoglobin.
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from Baseline to 6 Months
HbA1c will be measured as a percentage (%) of total hemoglobin.
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from Baseline to 12 Months
HbA1c will be measured as a percentage (%) of total hemoglobin.
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in Total Cholesterol from Baseline to 1 Month
Total cholesterol concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Total Cholesterol from Baseline to 6 Months
Total cholesterol concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in Total Cholesterol from Baseline to 12 Months
Total cholesterol concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol from Baseline to 1 Month
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol from Baseline to 6 Months
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol from Baseline to 12 Months
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol from Baseline to 1 Month
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol from Baseline to 6 Months
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol from Baseline to 12 Months
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in Triglycerides from Baseline to 1 Month
Serum triglyceride concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Triglycerides from Baseline to 6 Months
Serum triglyceride concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in Triglycerides from Baseline to 12 Months
Serum triglyceride concentration will be measured from fasting blood samples and in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) from Baseline to 1 Month
HSI is a calculated score used to estimate the likelihood of hepatic steatosis. Higher scores indicate a greater likelihood of hepatic steatosis.
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) from Baseline to 6 Months
HSI is a calculated score used to estimate the likelihood of hepatic steatosis. Higher scores indicate a greater likelihood of hepatic steatosis.
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) from Baseline to 12 Months
HSI is a calculated score used to estimate the likelihood of hepatic steatosis. Higher scores indicate a greater likelihood of hepatic steatosis.
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in Liver Stiffness Measurement from Baseline to 1 Month
Liver fibrosis will be assessed by FibroScan. Liver stiffness will be measured in kilopascals (kPa), with higher liver stiffness values indicating greater liver fibrosis.
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Liver Stiffness Measurement from Baseline to 6 Months
Liver fibrosis will be assessed by FibroScan. Liver stiffness will be measured in kilopascals (kPa), with higher liver stiffness values indicating greater liver fibrosis.
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in Liver Stiffness Measurement from Baseline to 12 Months
Liver fibrosis will be assessed by FibroScan. Liver stiffness will be measured in kilopascals (kPa), with higher liver stiffness values indicating greater liver fibrosis.
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptoms from Baseline to 1 Month
Upper GI symptoms will be assessed using the Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptoms Questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating severe GI symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptoms from Baseline to 3 Months
Upper GI symptoms will be assessed using the Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptoms Questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating severe GI symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline to 3 months
Change in Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptoms from Baseline to 6 Months
Upper GI symptoms will be assessed using the Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptoms Questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating severe GI symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptoms from Baseline to 12 Months
Upper GI symptoms will be assessed using the Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders Symptoms Questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating severe GI symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in plasma leptin level from baseline to 1 month
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in plasma leptin level from baseline to 6 months
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in plasma leptin level from baseline to 12 months
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in resistance to overeating from baseline to 1 month
Change in resistance to overeating will be assessed using the Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire Short-Form (WEL-SF). Scores range from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating successful resistance to the desire to overeat.
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in resistance to overeating from baseline to 3 months
Change in resistance to overeating will be assessed using the Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire Short-Form (WEL-SF). Scores range from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating successful resistance to the desire to overeat.
Time frame: Baseline to 3 months
Change in resistance to overeating from baseline to 6 months
Change in resistance to overeating will be assessed using the Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire Short-Form (WEL-SF). Scores range from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating successful resistance to the desire to overeat.
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in resistance to overeating from baseline to 12 months
Change in resistance to overeating will be assessed using the Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire Short-Form (WEL-SF). Scores range from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating successful resistance to the desire to overeat.
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Change in hunger, appetite, food cravings, and post-meal satiety from baseline to 1 month
Change in hunger, appetite, food cravings, and post-meal satiety will be assessed using the Daily Eats Measuring Daily Eating Factors (DAILY EATS). Scores range from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating increased hunger.
Time frame: Baseline to 1 month
Change in hunger, appetite, food cravings, and post-meal satiety from baseline to 3 months
Change in hunger, appetite, food cravings, and post-meal satiety will be assessed using the Daily Eats Measuring Daily Eating Factors (DAILY EATS). Scores range from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating increased hunger.
Time frame: Baseline to 3 months
Change in hunger, appetite, food cravings, and post-meal satiety from baseline to 6 months
Change in hunger, appetite, food cravings, and post-meal satiety will be assessed using the Daily Eats Measuring Daily Eating Factors (DAILY EATS). Scores range from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating increased hunger.
Time frame: Baseline to 6 months
Change in hunger, appetite, food cravings, and post-meal satiety from baseline to 12 months
Change in hunger, appetite, food cravings, and post-meal satiety will be assessed using the Daily Eats Measuring Daily Eating Factors (DAILY EATS). Scores range from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating increased hunger.
Time frame: Baseline to 12 months
Plan to share: No
From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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