An interventional study of 5-hydroxytryptophan (food supplement) 200mg and 5-hydroxytryptophan (food supplement) 300mg in Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults and Attention Deficits, sponsored by University of Sheffield. Recruiting at 1 site in United Kingdom. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-20.
Sponsored by University of Sheffield · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
The aim of this project is to look at the impact of 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on distractibility. 5-HTP is the precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin and is a chemical that the body produces naturally. There is evidence that distractibility is associated with a decreased level of serotonin. This research aims to see if giving people 5-HTP will alter their distractibility, which will form part of an initial assessment as to whether 5-HTP could be used to support people with attention problems. The study involves completing a short survey about mental health and behaviours, and if eligible, participation in an in-person study at the University of Sheffield. The in-person session involves completing some cognitive tasks to look at eye movement, taking 5-HTP or a sugar tablet with no active ingredients, and then completing the tasks again after a 90-minute wait.
The overarching aim of this project is to assess the efficacy and suitability of 5-hydroxytryptophan, a nutritional supplement and precursor to serotonin, as a potential therapeutic for ADHD traits. 5-hydroxytryptophan is a metabolic product produced in the body following consumption of foods with high levels of the amino acid tryptophan, found in soy products, egg whites, and other high-protein foods. Both tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan are metabolic precursors to serotonin, a neurotransmitter that is essential for the regulation of sleep, emotional state, aggression, and, most relevantly, the regulation of attention. Serotonin levels have been shown to be significantly reduced in individuals with ADHD, and some theories suggest that this is linked to reduced serotonin synthesis; of particular interest is the step where tryptophan is converted to 5-hydroxytryptophan, both the rate-limiting step of serotonin synthesis and a possible genetic locus of change in ADHD. 5-hydroxytryptophan can be readily obtained from health shops as a supplement, derived from the seeds of the edible plant Griffonia Simplicifolia, which has been long used in traditional medicine, and its ability to be absorbed easily from the intestinal tract and skip the rate-limiting step of synthesis makes it an attractive possible therapeutic. Pre-clinical work where 5-hydroxytryptophan was administered to Rhesus Macaques found that the supplement increased attention in animals with a low baseline level of attention, highlighting a possible benefit to supplementation.
Although theoretically promising, our previous empirical study failed to find any effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan supplementation on individuals with high or low levels of ADHD-like traits. The study had several limitations, a significant one being that tasks that were meant to assess distractibility did not show a distractor effect, and did not provide discrimination between high and low ADHD trait groups. As such, we aim to attempt to re-assess the impact of 5-hydroxytryptophan with tasks that are better established as being ADHD-sensitive, particularly those of microsaccades and ocular motor behaviour, alongside a distractor task established in a previous pilot. Our primary study design also only considered one dose of 5-hydroxytryptophan, whereas in this iteration, we will use two different doses of 5-hydroxytryptophan to better establish a dose-response effect. Finally, given the heterogeneity of ADHD-traits and comorbidity with other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions, we intend to better characterise the affective state of the cohort in order to better control for confounds and co-morbidity in the final data set.
The proposed study will be conducted in two parts:
A pre-screen survey to determine participant eligibility:
AIM = to assess the eligibility and ADHD traits of potential participants.
In-person participation in a randomised, double-blind trial at the University of Sheffield, where participants will ingest either intervention or placebo and complete cognitive tasks pre- and post-administration.
AIM = to determine the impact of 5-hydroxytryptophan supplementation on cognitive and oculomotor behaviour of individuals with high and low levels of ADHD traits.
Exclusion Criteria:
Participants who have reported high levels of ADHD traits, and have been randomly allocated to the group receiving 200 mg 5-HTP, administered orally in tablet form.
Dietary Supplement: 5-hydroxytryptophan (food supplement) 200mg
Participants who have reported high levels of ADHD traits, and have been randomly allocated to the group receiving 300 mg 5-HTP, administered orally in tablet form.
Dietary Supplement: 5-hydroxytryptophan (food supplement) 300mg
Participants who have reported high levels of ADHD traits, and have been randomly allocated to the group receiving placebo. Placebo consists of 2 sucrose-lactose tablets, administered orally.
Other: Placebo
Participants who have reported low levels of ADHD traits, and have been randomly allocated to the group receiving 200 mg 5-HTP, administered orally in tablet form.
Dietary Supplement: 5-hydroxytryptophan (food supplement) 200mg
Participants who have reported low levels of ADHD traits, and have been randomly allocated to the group receiving 300 mg 5-HTP, administered orally in tablet form.
Dietary Supplement: 5-hydroxytryptophan (food supplement) 300mg
Participants who have reported low levels of ADHD traits, and have been randomly allocated to the group receiving placebo. Placebo consists of 2 sucrose-lactose tablets, administered orally.
Other: Placebo
200mg 5-HTP delivered in two tablets. Tablets obtained from Nature's Best supplements. Each tablet contains 3982mg of Griffonia seed extract, providing 100mg of 5-HTP. The tablets consist of calcium carbonate, griffonia seed extract, Anti-caking Agents (Silicon Dioxide, Stearic Acid, \& Magnesium Stearate) and Tablet Coating (Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Glycerol).
Also known as: 5-HTP
300mg 5-HTP delivered in three tablets. Tablets obtained from Nature's Best supplements. Each tablet contains 3982mg of Griffonia seed extract, providing 100mg of 5-HTP. The tablets consist of calcium carbonate, griffonia seed extract, Anti-caking Agents (Silicon Dioxide, Stearic Acid, \& Magnesium Stearate) and Tablet Coating (Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Glycerol).
Also known as: 5-HTP
Unmedicated lactose-sucrose tablets provided by Ainsworth's homoeopathic remedies
Change in distractibility - microsaccades
Frequency of microsaccades in a simple fixation task
Time frame: pre and 90 minutes post administration
Change in distractibility - reaction time
Measurement of reaction time on a visual search task with varying auditory stimuli.
Time frame: pre and 90 minutes post administration
Change in distractibility- fixations
Number of fixations on distractor letters in a visual search task with varying auditory stimuli.
Time frame: pre and 90 minute post administration
Plan to share: Yes — IPD regarding group allocation, ASRS scores, and measures on microsaccades and visual search tasks will be shared following completion of the study.
Supporting information: Study protocol, Sap
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Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity→
University of Sheffield