An interventional study of Pyramidal Aerobic Training in Cigarette Smoking, Impaired Ventilatory Function and Respiratory Function in Adult Smokers, sponsored by Cairo University. Completed at 1 site in Egypt. Open to male participants aged 18 Years to 28 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-14.
Sponsored by Cairo University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
Statement of the problem:
Does the pyramidal aerobic training affect ventilatory function parameters in smokers?
Null hypothesis:
Pyramidal aerobic training has no significant effect on ventilatory function parameters (such as Forced Vital Capacity [FVC], Forced Expiratory Volume in one second [FEV₁], and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate [PEFR]) in adult smokers.
This randomized controlled trial evaluates the effect of an eight-week pyramidal aerobic training program on ventilatory function in cigarette smokers. Forty male cigarette smokers aged 18 to 28 years will be randomly allocated to either a pyramidal aerobic training group or a control group. The intervention group will perform treadmill-based pyramidal aerobic training three times per week for eight consecutive weeks. Each session will include a warm-up, pyramidal aerobic training with ascending and descending intensity levels, and a cool-down. Training intensity will range from 20% to 80% of the participant's target heart rate calculated using the Karvonen formula. Ventilatory function will be assessed by spirometry, while functional capacity, health-related quality of life, and smoking abstinence self-efficacy will also be assessed at baseline and after the intervention.
Exclusion Criteria:
Participants will receive pyramidal aerobic training on a treadmill three times per week for eight consecutive weeks.
Behavioral: Pyramidal Aerobic Training
Participants will be assigned to the control group.
Pyramidal aerobic training performed on a motorized treadmill three times per week for eight consecutive weeks. Each session consists of 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of pyramidal aerobic training with 5 ascending and 5 descending intensity levels, each lasting 2 minutes, followed by 5 minutes of cool-down. Training intensity ranges from 20% to 80% of the participant's target heart rate calculated using the Karvonen formula, with heart rate monitored using a pulse oximeter.
Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1)
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention
FEV1/FVC Ratio
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR)
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention
Functional Capacity (VO2max)
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention
Health-Related Quality of Life (SF-12)
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention
Smoking Abstinence Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SASEQ) Score
Smoking abstinence self-efficacy will be assessed using the Smoking Abstinence Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SASEQ). The questionnaire score ranges from 9 to 16, with higher scores indicating greater smoking abstinence self-efficacy.
Time frame: Baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention
This study is completed, as verified in Aug 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Cairo University