An interventional study of Percutaneous Varicocele Embolization Using N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate (NBCA) in Varicocele, sponsored by Sohag University. Recruiting at 1 site in Egypt. Open to male participants aged 16 Years to 60 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-14.
Sponsored by Sohag University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
This prospective study will evaluate two different approaches for performing embolization to treat varicocele, a condition in which the veins around the testicle become enlarged. Thirty patients with varicocele will undergo embolization using either a transjugular approach, through a vein in the neck, or a transfemoral approach, through a vein in the groin. The choice of approach will depend on the patient's venous anatomy and the feasibility of the procedure. Patients will be followed up at one and three months after the procedure to assess treatment effectiveness, symptom improvement, and any complications.
53 studies on the registry are indexed under Varicocele; 15 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 30 is below the median of 72 across 36 interventional studies indexed under Varicocele.
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1. Male patients aged 16-60 years. 2. Clinically palpable varicocele (Grade II or III) or subclinical varicocele associated with abnormal semen parameters.
3. Recurrent varicocele following previous surgical treatment. 4. Presence of scrotal pain, testicular atrophy, or infertility attributed to varicocele.
5. Willingness to participate in the study and provide written .
Exclusion Criteria:
- 1. Secondary varicocele due to a retroperitoneal mass or renal vein obstruction.
2. Known allergy to iodinated contrast media. 3. Coagulation disorders or to endovascular procedures.
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Contraindication
A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Procedure: Percutaneous Varicocele Embolization Using N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate (NBCA)
Percutaneous varicocele embolization will be performed under fluoroscopic guidance using a transvenous approach, either transfemoral or transjugular, according to the venous anatomy and operator preference. Selective catheterization of the internal spermatic vein will be performed, followed by embolization using N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue. Technical success will be assessed by completion venography demonstrating occlusion of the targeted varicocele veins and absence of significant residual venous reflux.
Change in Pain Intensity Measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst imaginable pain. A decrease in the VAS score indicates improvement in pain. The change in VAS score from baseline to 1 month after varicocele embolization will be assessed.
Time frame: 1 month after the procedure
Change in Pain Intensity Measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 3 Months.
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the worst imaginable pain. A decrease in the VAS score indicates improvement in pain. The change in VAS score from baseline to 3 months after varicocele embolization will be assessed.
Time frame: 3 months after the procedure
Change in Maximum Diameter of the Pampiniform Plexus Veins on Doppler Ultrasound
The maximum diameter of the pampiniform plexus veins will be measured using color and spectral Doppler ultrasound before and after varicocele embolization. A decrease in the maximum venous diameter indicates improvement. The change in venous diameter from baseline to 3 months after the procedure will be assessed.
Time frame: 3 months after the procedure
Resolution of Venous Reflux on Doppler Ultrasound
Venous reflux will be assessed using color and spectral Doppler ultrasound. Resolution of reflux will be defined as the absence of demonstrable venous reflux after varicocele embolization. The presence or absence of venous reflux will be assessed at 3 months after the procedure.
Time frame: 3 months after the procedure
Plan to share: Undecided
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