An interventional study of Generative AI-customized educational book and standard printed educational leaflet in Children Aged 3-5 Years, Vision Screening and Cycloplegic Refraction, sponsored by Mackay Memorial Hospital. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in Taiwan. Open to participants aged 3 Years to 5 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-05-15.
Sponsored by Mackay Memorial Hospital · Not applicable, Interventional, and Health services research
We use generative AI to make personalized books for young children about going to the eye doctor. We want to see if reading these stories helps kids feel more comfortable and improves their overall experience at the clinic.
Mackay Memorial Hospital is the lead sponsor of 118 studies on the registry; 27 are open to participants now.
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Exclusion Criteria:
Standard printed educational leaflet
Behavioral: standard printed educational leaflet
Commercially available children's book (Maisy Goes to the Eye Doctor) for parent-child shared reading
Behavioral: Commercially available children's book
Customized educational book on cycloplegic drops and refraction procedures, designed via generative AI, also for parent-child shared reading
Behavioral: Generative AI-customized educational book
Generative AI-customized educational book focusing on cycloplegic administration and optometric examination.
Also known as: Maisy Goes to the Eye Doctor, Standard printed educational leaflet
Standard printed educational leaflet for cycloplegic refraction exam.
Maisy Goes to the Eye Doctor
visual analogue scale of anxiety
Pediatric anxiety levels will be quantified using a 0-10 scale supplemented by facial icons. Participants will be shown the scale and asked to select the face or number that best matches how they feel at that moment. The scale is anchored by "No anxiety" (0, happy face) and "Extreme anxiety" (10, distressed face). Research assistants will provide a standardized prompt: "Point to the face that shows how you feel right now."
Time frame: 1. Baseline, pre-intervention 2. 30 minutes after the intervention
children's emotional manifestation scale (CEMS)
This observational instrument consists of five behavioral categories: facial expression, vocalization, activity, interaction, and cooperation. Each category is scored on a 5-point Likert scale (1 to 5), with a total score ranging from 5 to 25. Higher scores represent higher levels of emotional distress and negative behaviors.
Time frame: 30 minutes after the intervention
Parent Satisfaction Scale
The Parent Satisfaction Scale is a 10-item self-report questionnaire designed to evaluate the caregiver's perception of the quality of pediatric ophthalmic care. The scale assesses several key domains of the clinical encounter, including patient-centered communication, emotional support, clinician-parent partnership, and overall service quality. Scoring and Administration: Each item is scored using a 5-point Likert scale, with response options ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree). A total satisfaction score is calculated by summing the responses, with higher scores (ranging from 10 to 50) indicating higher levels of parental satisfaction with the healthcare delivery and the educational intervention provided.
Time frame: 30 minutes after the intervention
Staff Satisfaction Scale
The Staff Satisfaction Scale is a 7-item clinician-reported instrument designed to evaluate the clinical feasibility and perceived quality of a pediatric eye examination. The scale measures the nurse's observation of patient cooperation, parental engagement, and the effectiveness of the clinical workflow. Scoring and Administration: Following the patient's encounter, the attending ophthalmic nurse rates each statement using a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree). Higher aggregate scores indicate a more efficient clinical process and a higher level of professional satisfaction with the care delivery.
Time frame: 30 minutes after the intervention
Plan to share: No
No publications or documents are linked to this record.
Start is estimated for May 2026; primary completion for Oct 2026, 5 months later.
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This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in May 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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