An observational study in Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperglycaemia (Diabetic) and Hyperglycaemia (Non Diabetic), sponsored by Tarumanagara University. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in Indonesia. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-04-20.
Sponsored by Tarumanagara University · Observational
The goal of this observational study is to evaluate whether a non-invasive facial scan technology using remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) can accurately estimate blood glucose and HbA1c levels in adults living in the community in Jakarta. The study focuses on adults aged 18 years and older, including individuals with or without diabetes.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
Researchers will compare results from the rPPG facial scan with standard laboratory measurements of fasting blood glucose and HbA1c to determine how accurate and reliable the technology is for screening purposes.
Participants will:
This study aims to determine whether rPPG can serve as a simple, non-invasive, and accessible tool for early detection and monitoring of diabetes in community settings.
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a major global health burden characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and associated complications. Standard monitoring methods, such as fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), rely on invasive blood sampling and access to laboratory facilities, which may reduce patient adherence and limit early detection. Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), a non-contact optical technique using facial video analysis, has emerged as a promising alternative for estimating physiological and metabolic parameters. However, evidence regarding its validity in assessing glycemic markers remains limited .
Objective This study aims to evaluate the validity and diagnostic performance of rPPG-based facial scan technology in estimating blood glucose and HbA1c levels compared with standard laboratory measurements.
Methods This study employs an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional diagnostic validation approach conducted in Kelurahan Semanan, Jakarta. A total of 150-300 adult participants will be recruited using a community-based sampling method. Each participant will undergo venous blood sampling for laboratory measurement of fasting blood glucose and HbA1c, alongside a non-contact rPPG facial scan using a smartphone-based system. Agreement between methods will be assessed using Bland-Altman analysis, while correlation analysis (Pearson/Spearman) will evaluate the strength of association. Diagnostic performance, including sensitivity and specificity, will be calculated using clinical cut-offs (≥126 mg/dL for glucose and ≥6.5% for HbA1c).
Expected Results It is expected that rPPG-derived estimates will demonstrate moderate to good correlation with laboratory measurements, with acceptable agreement for screening purposes. The technology is anticipated to show reasonable diagnostic performance in identifying individuals with high glycemic risk. These findings may support the feasibility of rPPG as a non-invasive, accessible screening tool for diabetes monitoring in community settings.
8,290 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus; 1,077 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 300 is above the median of 246 across 1,936 observational studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus.
Browse Diabetes Mellitus studies →Tarumanagara University is the lead sponsor of 11 studies on the registry; 4 are open to participants now.
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The study population consists of adult individuals aged 18 years and older residing in a community setting in Jakarta, Indonesia. Participants will be recruited through community-based health activities and primary care services. The population includes both individuals with and without a prior diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, representing a general adult population for glycemic screening. Eligible participants must be able to undergo both non-invasive facial scanning using remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) and standard laboratory blood testing. Individuals with facial conditions that interfere with signal detection, inability to remain still during scanning, or incomplete data will be excluded.
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Exclusion Criteria:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
This cohort includes adults aged ≥18 years from a community-based population in Jakarta who undergo both non-invasive remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) facial scanning and standard laboratory testing. Participants will receive a smartphone-based facial scan to estimate blood glucose and HbA1c levels, followed by venous blood sampling for fasting blood glucose and HbA1c measurement using standard laboratory methods. No therapeutic intervention is administered, as this is a diagnostic validation study comparing rPPG-derived estimates with laboratory reference values.
Agreement Between rPPG-Derived and Laboratory Blood Glucose
Assessment of agreement between blood glucose values obtained from remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) facial scan and standard laboratory fasting blood glucose measurements using Bland-Altman analysis, including mean bias and limits of agreement.
Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (during study visit)
Agreement Between rPPG-Derived and Laboratory HbA1c
Evaluation of agreement between HbA1c values estimated using rPPG facial scan and laboratory HbA1c measurements using Bland-Altman analysis, including bias and limits of agreement.
Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (during study visit)
Correlation and Validation of rPPG Estimates with Laboratory Blood Glucose and HbA1c
Measurement of the strength of association between rPPG-derived and laboratory-measured blood glucose and HbA1c values using Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients (Bland Altman)
Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (during study visit)
Diagnostic Performance of rPPG for Detecting Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Risk
Evaluation of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of rPPG-derived blood glucose (≥126 mg/dL) and HbA1c (≥6.5%) in identifying individuals with elevated glycemic levels compared to laboratory reference standards.
Time frame: Single assessment at baseline (during study visit)
Plan to share: Yes — De-identified individual participant data (IPD) will be shared, including demographic characteristics (age, sex), clinical variables (medical history, fasting status), rPPG-derived measurements (estimated blood glucose and HbA1c), and corresponding laboratory results (fasting blood glucose and HbA1c). Derived variables used in the analysis, such as glycemic risk classifications and diagnostic performance indicators, may also be included. All shared data will be fully anonymized, with no direct identifiers to ensure participant confidentiality.
Supporting information: Study protocol, Statistical analysis plan, Informed consent form, Clinical study report, Analytic code
Time frame: De-identified individual participant data (IPD) and supporting documentation will be available beginning 6 months after publication of the primary study results and will remain accessible for a period of 5 years thereafter.
Access criteria: Access to the IPD will be granted to qualified researchers, academic investigators, or institutions upon reasonable request. Applicants must submit a brief research proposal outlining the intended use of the data and agree to a data use agreement that ensures confidentiality and prohibits re-identification of participants. Approved users will have access to de-identified datasets, data dictionaries, and relevant methodological documentation. Data will be shared via a secure electronic platform or institutional repository.
Data sharing details ↗ · lintar.untar.ac.id
This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Apr 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Tarumanagara University