An interventional study of Isotonic exercise program and Plyometric exercise program in Shoulder Pain and Healthy Adult, sponsored by University of Florida. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 45 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-04-22.
Sponsored by University of Florida · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other
The purpose of this study is to understand acute tendon changes after two exercise programs. We will invite individuals with and without shoulder pain to participate in this study. Every individual will participate in both exercise programs separated by up to 15 days. The researcher will evaluate the shoulder tendon using ultrasound before each exercise program and at 1 hour, 6 hours and 24 hours after each exercise program. The researcher will also evaluate self reported pain, pain sensitivity testing, and self reported questionnaires. We will compare the tendon changes after each exercise program, as well as between participants with and without shoulder pain.
707 studies on the registry are indexed under Shoulder Pain; 152 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 24 is below the median of 60 across 561 interventional studies indexed under Shoulder Pain.
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Of its 170 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 136 (80%) have results posted.
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General inclusion criteria
General exclusion criteria
Group-specific inclusion criteria
Behavioral: Isotonic exercise program · Behavioral: Plyometric exercise program
Behavioral: Isotonic exercise program · Behavioral: Plyometric exercise program
Participants will perform two isotonic exercises, prone shoulder external rotation and shoulder elevation. The exercises will be performed at a pace of 2-second for both concentric and eccentric phases. For each exercise, participants will perform two sets of 8 repetitions, followed by a third set performed until fatigue. Fatigue will be determined using the Repetition in Reserve Scale, which asks the participant to perform exercises until they reach a self-selected number corresponding to the number of repetitions left that a participant could still complete if needed. We will ask participants to continue the third set until they reach a Repetition in Reserve number of 1. The rest period will be 30 seconds between sets and 2 minutes between exercises. The exercise load will be selected after manual maximal isometric strength testing using a handheld dynamometer. A 40% of the strength testing will be used for exercises in both groups following strength guidelines.
Participants will perform two isotonic exercises, prone shoulder external rotation and shoulder elevation. The exercises will be performed at a pace of 1-second for the eccentric phases followed by an explosive concentric phase. For each exercise, participants will perform two sets of 8 repetitions, followed by a third set performed until fatigue. Fatigue will be determined using the Repetition in Reserve Scale, which asks the participant to perform exercises until they reach a self-selected number corresponding to the number of repetitions left that a participant could still complete if needed. Participants will complete the third set until they reach a Repetition in Reserve number of 1. The rest period will be 30 seconds between sets and 2 minutes between exercises. The exercise load will be selected after manual maximal isometric strength testing using a handheld dynamometer. A 40% of the strength testing will be used for exercises in both groups following strength guidelines.
Supraspinatus tendon thickness
The investigators will use ultrasound to take pictures of the supraspinatus tendons. Established ultrasound procedures will be used to measure supraspinatus tendon thickness.
Time frame: From enrollment to 1 hour, 6 hours, and 24 hours after each exercise program.
Pain sensitivity testing
The investigators will apply pressure at a constant rate using a computerized pressure algometer with a 1 cm diameter rubber tip at the shoulder and the lower limb.
Time frame: From enrollment to 1 hour, 6 hours, and 24 hours after each exercise program.
Self-reported pain
We will use an 11-point numeric pain rating scale to measure the shoulder pain perceived by the participant.
Time frame: From enrollment to 1, 6, and 24 hours after each exercise program.
Rate of perceived exertion
We will use a 11-point scale, 0 being no effort and 10 being the maximal effort, to understand the effort perceived after each exercise program.
Time frame: Immediately after each exercise program.
Pennsylvania Shoulder Score (PENN)
The PENN is a valid and reliable self-reported questionnaire for patients with shoulder pain.
Time frame: At baseline before each exercise program.
Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome (OSPRO)
The OSPRO is a concise, multidimensional 10-item yellow flag assessment tool that estimates 11 total questionnaire scores indicating elevated vulnerability and decreased resilience.
Time frame: At baseline before the first exercise program.
Global rating of change (GROC)
The GROC is a rating scale that quantifies participants' improvement or deterioration of symptoms over time. Changes will be measured using a 15-points Likert scale (-7, a very great deal worse to 7, a very great deal better, with 0 indicating no changes).
Time frame: At the second baseline before the second exercise program at 1 week.
Tegner Activity Scale
Is a valid and reliable tool that evaluates work and sport participation. It addresses both function and activity level, and it will provide information about the physical general activity of the individual.
Time frame: At baseline before the first exercise program.
Rate of perceived fatigue
We will use a 11-point scale, 0 being no fatigue and 10 being the maximal fatigue, to understand the fatigue perceived after each exercise program.
Time frame: Immediately after each exercise program
Self-reported pain related to the exercise
We will use an 11-point numeric pain rating scale to measure the shoulder pain perceived by the participant.
Time frame: Before and immediately after each exercise program
Muscle soreness
We will use an 11-point numeric rating scale to measure the muscle soreness perceived by the participant after the exercise.
Time frame: Before and immediately, 1, 6 and 24 hours after each exercise program
Plan to share: Yes
Supporting information: Study protocol, Sap
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