An observational study in Moral Injury, Moral Distress and Post-Traumatic Stress, sponsored by Mayo Clinic. Enrolling by invitation at 3 sites in United States. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-17.
Sponsored by Mayo Clinic · Observational
The goal of this descriptive study is to examine levels of moral distress (MD), moral injury (MI), \& post-traumatic stress (PTS) levels among nursing staff at Mayo Clinic. The main questions this study aims to answer are:
2,239 studies on the registry are indexed under Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; 554 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 21,300 is above the median of 136 across 295 observational studies indexed under Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic.
Browse Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic studies →Mayo Clinic is the lead sponsor of 3,218 studies on the registry; 670 are open to participants now.
Of its 445 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 313 (70%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Mayo Clinic Department of Nursing Staff across all Mayo Clinic sites, including: Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota; Mayo Clinic in Arizona; Mayo Clinic in Florida; and Mayo Clinic Health System sites in the midwest.
Exclusion Criteria:
Mayo Clinic Department of Nursing staff across the enterprise including advanced practice nurses, registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and nursing support/unlicensed staff.
Other: Surveys
Participants will complete an electronic survey containing the Measure of Moral Distress- Healthcare Professionals (MMD-HP), Moral Injury Outcome Scale (MIOS) including functional outcome measures adapted from the Brief Inventory of Psychosocial Functioning, The PCL-5 Checklist for DSM-5 (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PSTD) Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5)) (PCL-5), and the Well-Being Index (WBI), additionally including a demographic questionnaire with wellbeing questions.
Measure of Moral Distress-Healthcare Professionals (MMD-HP) Score
The MMD-HP (Measure of Moral Distress-Healthcare Professionals) is a 27-item moral distress scale. A composite score is computed for items 1 - 25 and is obtained by multiplying the frequency scores (0 = Never to 4 = Very Frequently scale) and the distress scores (0 = None to 4 = Very Distressing scale) for each item; the products of these can range from 0 - 16. Higher scores indicate a greater deal of moral distress.
Time frame: Baseline
Moral Injury Outcome Scale (MIOS) score
The Moral Injury Outcome Scale (MIOS) is a 14-item self-reported survey divided into two subscales-shame-related and trust-violation related. Both the shame and trust-violated subscales are seven items per subscale. Respondents are asked to indicate how strongly they agree with each statement in the past month using a 5 point Likert scale where 0 = Strongly Disagree and 4 = Strongly Agree. The total score range for each subscale is 0 - 28, and the overall score range is 0 - 56. Symptom severity is categorized as follows: 14 - 28 indicates mild moral injury, 29 - 42 indicates moderate moral injury, and 35 - 56 indicates severe moral injury.
Time frame: Baseline
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PCL-5) score
The PCL - 5 (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PSTD) Checklist) is a 20-item self-reported survey that assesses the 20 DSM-5 symptoms of PTSD. Respondents are asked to indicate the frequency that each item occurs on a 5 point Likert scale where 0 = Not at All and 4 = Extremely. The total score is the sum of all 20 questions, with higher scores indicating a greater likelihood of PTSD.
Time frame: Baseline
Plan to share: No
Eligibility is decided by the study team. Share this record with your doctor or contact the team directly.
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