An interventional study of Moderate-Intensity Interval Training (MIIT) and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) in Mitral Valve Replacement, sponsored by Riphah International University. Completed at 1 site in Pakistan. Open to participants aged 40 Years to 60 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-02-27.
Sponsored by Riphah International University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Supportive care
Mitral Valve Replacement (MVR) surgery is commonly performed to treat patients with severe mitral valve diseases, such as mitral stenosis or regurgitation. Patients after mitral valve replacement surgery often experience muscular weakness ,fatigue and reduced functional capacity due to the surgical procedure and the time period of post-operative recovery. A structured exercise program helps rebuild strength and regain mobility, allowing patients to perform daily activities with greater ease and independence. Moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) with continuous training is crucial for patients after mitral valve replacement (MVR) surgery, as it significantly enhances cardiopulmonary fitness. But the comparative effects of Moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) with continuous training have not been well documented and practiced in Pakistan. The study aims to determine the comparative effects of Moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) and moderate continuous training on physical capacity, cardiac efficiency, pulmonary function, and quality of life after mitral valve surgery. The study will be single blinded, randomized clinical trial. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria patients were divided into two groups. The MIIT group and MICT group. The study was of 12 weeks session, 3 sessions per week (3 months). The data was analyzed through SPSS-23. Outcome measures were pulmonary function tests (spirometery), 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and quality of life assessed through IPAQ. Cardiac efficiencywas measured by evaluating heart rate recovery, exercise tolerance, and cardiac output.
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Exclusion Criteria:
Following the consent of the participants, heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and oxygen saturation baseline measurements were taken through six minutes' walk test. The program included patient counseling on the treatment intervention and right technique, such as regular breathing patterns and avoiding breath-holding. Each session lasted 60 minutes. The targeted muscles included the biceps, triceps, and deltoids in the upper limbs, and the quadriceps, hamstrings, and calf muscles in the lower limbs, using exercises with sandbags. Exercise dosage was progressed by increasing the resistance and repetitions. Load increases were made by 5% once the participant could comfortably achieve the upper limit of the prescribed range. The protocol took total 12 weeks, with 3 sessions per week.
Other: Moderate-Intensity Interval Training (MIIT)
Following the consent of the participants, heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and oxygen saturation baseline measurements were taken through six minutes' walk test. The program included patient counseling on the treatment intervention and right technique, such as regular breathing patterns and avoiding breath-holding. Each session lasted 60 minutes. The targeted muscles included the biceps, triceps, and deltoids in the upper limbs, and the quadriceps, hamstrings, and calf muscles in the lower limbs, using exercises with sandbags. Exercise dosage was progressed by increasing the resistance and repetitions. Load increases were made by 5% once the participant could comfortably achieve the upper limit of the prescribed range. The protocol took total 12 weeks, with 3 sessions per week.
Other: Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT)
Duration: The program lasted 12 weeks with 3 sessions per week. Session Structure: * Each session lasted 20-45 minutes. * Exercise intensity was set at 50-70% of maximum heart rate (MHR). * Intervals consisted of 1-4 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise, followed by shorter rest periods of 1-2 minutes. Exercise Type: * Alternating aerobic activities targeting both upper and lower body, such as treadmill and walking. * A warm-up (5-10 minutes) and cool-down (5-10 minutes) with light stretching and low-intensity walking were included.
Duration: The program lasted 12 weeks with 3 sessions per week. Session Structure: * Each session lasted 30-60 minutes at a steady moderate intensity. * Exercise intensity was maintained at 50-70% of MHR without interruptions. Exercise Type: * Continuous aerobic activity, such as walking on a treadmill. * A warm-up (5-10 minutes) and cool-down (5-10 minutes) were included.
6MWT
The 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is a functional exercise capacity test which is validated and is able to measure a patient's walking ability for six minutes considering the maximum distance covered. It reflects the capacity for aerobic activity and endurance which is why it is mostly used in cardiac rehabilitation. The test is straightforward, cheap and requires no special equipment in a doctor's office. The reliability of the 6MWT
Time frame: 12 week
Digital Spirometer
Spirometry is a common and essential pulmonary function test that measures the volume of air a person can inhale and exhale, as well as how quickly they can do so. It helps in diagnosing and monitoring respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other conditions that affect lung function. The reliability is usually good with test results reproducibility generally being above 90%. The validity is also well-defined since spirometry is rated as gold standard of measuring the lung functioning.
Time frame: 12 week
VO₂ Peak
Cardiac Efficiency is defined as the heart's capability to pump blood in a manner that requires the least possible effort and still guarantees the tissues receive a good supply of oxygen. The most important indicator of cardiac efficiency is Peak Oxygen Uptake (VO₂ Peak) which comes from a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) that is done under controlled conditions.
Time frame: 12 weeks
IPAQ
The IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) is the tool that is mostly adopted to evaluate quality of life via physical activity assessment. The IPAQ is made up of 7 queries which ask about the duration of the physical activities, very light to heavy, that happened in the last 7 days
Time frame: 12 weeks
Plan to share: No
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Riphah International University