ClinicalTrials.gg
Not yet recruitingNCT07372521MATRIXUpdated Feb 3, 2026

Measuring Small-Airways Disease Improvement After Step-up to Extrafine TRIple or High-dose ICS/LABA in Patients Uncontrolled on Medium Dose ICS/LABA eXploring T2 Inflammation

An observational study in Asthma, sponsored by University Hospital, Ioannina. Not yet recruiting. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-02-03.

Sponsored by University Hospital, Ioannina · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
130
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The goal of this observational study is to investigate the change in small airway function through the R5-R19 index in oscillometry at 12 weeks in adults with asthma.

The main question it aims to answer is: How can small airways dysfunction as evaluated by the oscillometry measure R5-19 be improved at 12 weeks, using 2 treatment arms (high-dose ICS regimen or medium dose efSITT)?

Researchers will compare the efficacy of either (1) high-dose ICS combinations (high-dose extrafine BDP/FF or high-dose efSITT BDP/FF/G) or (2) medium-dose efSITT (BDP/FF/G) to determine whether there is an improvement in small airways dysfunction and better asthma control in patients who are uncontrolled on medium-dose ICS/LABA.

Participants will take as drugs the Trimbow (BDP/FF/G) medium (100/6/10 μg) or high (200/6/10 μg) strengths or Foster (BDP/FF) high strength (200/6 μg); Visit the clinic three times with an one optional follow up visit, at the start (Visit 1: baseline), at 4 weeks (Visit 2), at 12 weeks (Visit 3) and the optional visit at 52 weeks (Visit 4).

Read the detailed description

All data related to the study will be recorded for each participating patient by the investigator in a separate, specially designed Case Report Form (CRF) at the start of the study. The CRF pages are specifically designed to capture the information required by the study protocol, and the investigator will enter these data into the corresponding fields, ensuring consistency with the information documented in the patient's medical record.

All patients who sign the informed consent to participate in the study will be assigned a unique 5-digit identification number in the format of XX-XXX (first two digits represent the centre number and the last 3 digits the patient number), which will be recorded on all relevant study documents (CRF etc.). The patient's initials and full date of birth will not be recorded in the CRF to protect personal data, except in cases specifically permitted under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

  • At all 3 Visits, the following assessments will be performed to all patients: (1) Evaluation of asthma control (ACT, ACQ-5), (2) Blood Eosinophil Counts (BEC, cells/mL and %), (3) FeNO (FeNO+, MGC Diagnostics, at 50 mL/sec and at 100 and 150 mL/sec to measure alveolar NO as a marker of SAD), (4) Forced Oscillometry Technique (FOT, Resmon PRO Full V3), measuring peripheral resistance (difference between resistance at 5Hz and 19Hz, R5-19), frequency resonance (Fres), area of reactance (AX), and reactance (X5), (5) Simple spirometry, including forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flow at 25-75% of FVC (FEF25-75%), (6) Static lung volumes by body plethysmography, including total lung capacity (TLC), residual volume (RV), and functional residual capacity (FRC), (7) At the optional Visit 4 at 52 weeks, we will collect the previous parameters and the number of exacerbations (OCS courses, emergency department visits, hospitalizations).

eCRFs will be periodically reviewed by the principal investigator to minimize missing values. When NaN entries cannot be avoided, the amount, pattern, and assumed mechanism of missingness (missing completely at random, missing at random, or missing not at random) will be evaluated to determine the most appropriate statistical approach. Imputation methods may include mean or median imputation, random sample imputation, or multiple imputation, as appropriate.

02

Conditions studied

  • Asthma

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Keywords

  • Asthma
  • Clinical Trials, Phase IV as Topic
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • LABA
  • LAMA
  • ICS
  • Oscillometry
  • Respiratory Function Tests
  • FeNO
03

In context

Asthma

4,841 studies on the registry are indexed under Asthma; 600 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 130 is below the median of 158 across 1,250 observational studies indexed under Asthma.

Browse Asthma studies →

Lead sponsor

University Hospital, Ioannina is the lead sponsor of 13 studies on the registry; 4 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Probability sample

Study population

Adult patients with physician-diagnosed asthma, recruited from outpatient and/or inpatient clinics at participating hospitals.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Males and females out-patients aged ≥18 years providing written . [Note: Females are eligible if they are of non- or, if they are of childbearing potential, using or are willing to use appropriate measures.]
  • Physician-diagnosed asthma for at least 6 months
  • Patients with uncontrolled asthma (ACT\<20 or ACQ-5>1.5) on stable treatment with medium dose ICS/LABA for at least 12 weeks and with good adherence to treatment.
  • Evidence of SAD as expressed by FEF25-75% \<60% in spirometry.
  • Ability to be trained to use properly a pMDI inhaler (with or without spacer as per physician's judgement).
  • Documented decision in the patient's medical file for the (high-dose ICS regimen or medium dose efSITT) before the patient gets informed about his/her potential participation in the study.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Age \<18 years
  • Patients who have experienced a severe asthma exacerbation (i.e. receiving OCS for at least 3 days and/or antibiotics or need for hospitalisation) in the 4 weeks prior to the screening visit.
  • Refusal or inability to give .
  • Patients with or other respiratory disease, e.g. bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, interstitial lung diseases or any other clinically or functionally significant lung disorder, cancer (except localized carcinomas), or other comorbidities that may affect the outcomes measured.
  • Long-term oxygen therapy at home.
  • Pregnancy or lactation or planned pregnancy.
  • Patients with a history of or to any of the components of the study drug.
  • Participation in interventional study within 30 days prior to enrolment or at least two half-life times of an drug.
  • Patient inability or incompliance to follow physician's instructions concerning treatment or study visits or unreliability, according to the physician evaluation.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(8)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Childbearing potential

Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).

Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: long-term lung disease that makes it hard to breathe out, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Clinically significant

Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.

Hypersensitivity

An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
130 participants (estimated)
Target follow-up
52 Weeks
Patient registry
Yes

Groups and cohorts

  • Males and females out-patients aged ≥18 years with uncontrolled asthma on ICS/LABA treatment
06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Small airways function and Oscillometry

    Improvement in small airways function as evaluated by the oscillometry measure R5-19 (in cmH2O/L/s) at 12 weeks compared to baseline in the whole study population

    Time frame: From January 2026 to June 2027

Secondary outcomes

  1. Pulmonary test function results and Questionnaires

    Change in R5-19 (cmH2O/L/s, at 4 weeks), Change in FEF25-75% (% pred., at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in FEV1 (L, at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in residual volume (RV) (% pred., at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in total lung capacity (TLC) (% pred., at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in FeNO (ppb, at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in asthma control test (ACT) (at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in asthma quality of life (mini-AQLQ) (at 4 and 12 weeks)

    Time frame: From January 2026 to June 2027

Other outcomes

  1. Optional evaluation (at 52 weeks)

    Change in R5-19 (at 4 weeks), Change in FEF25-75% (at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in FEV1 (at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in residual volume (RV) (at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in total lung capacity (TLC) (at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in FeNO (at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in asthma control test (ACT) (at 4 and 12 weeks), Change in asthma quality of life (mini-AQLQ) (at 4 and 12 weeks) Exacerbations (OCS courses, emergency department visits, hospitalizations) in the follow-up period and comparison to the exacerbation history in the previous year

    Time frame: From January 2026 to June 2027

07

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

08

References and documents

Publications

  • Gogali A, Kostikas K, Kyriakopoulos C, Potonos D, Porpodis K, Tsiouprou I, Fouka E, Tryfon S, Papadopoulou E, Kipourou M, Katsoulis K. Managing Small Airways Dysfunction in COPD Patients in Real Life Under Fixed Triple Combination of Beclomethasone/Formoterol/Glycopyrronium: The MASCOT Real World Evidence Study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2025 May 23;20:1651-1663. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S513350. eCollection 2025. PubMed 40433397 ↗
  • Bhakta NR, McGowan A, Ramsey KA, Borg B, Kivastik J, Knight SL, Sylvester K, Burgos F, Swenson ER, McCarthy K, Cooper BG, Garcia-Rio F, Skloot G, McCormack M, Mottram C, Irvin CG, Steenbruggen I, Coates AL, Kaminsky DA. European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society technical statement: standardisation of the measurement of lung volumes, 2023 update. Eur Respir J. 2023 Oct 12;62(4):2201519. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01519-2022. Print 2023 Oct. PubMed 37500112 ↗
  • Santanello NC, Zhang J, Seidenberg B, Reiss TF, Barber BL. What are minimal important changes for asthma measures in a clinical trial? Eur Respir J. 1999 Jul;14(1):23-7. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-3003.1999.14a06.x. PubMed 10489824 ↗
  • Stanojevic S, Kaminsky DA, Miller MR, Thompson B, Aliverti A, Barjaktarevic I, Cooper BG, Culver B, Derom E, Hall GL, Hallstrand TS, Leuppi JD, MacIntyre N, McCormack M, Rosenfeld M, Swenson ER. ERS/ATS technical standard on interpretive strategies for routine lung function tests. Eur Respir J. 2022 Jul 13;60(1):2101499. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01499-2021. Print 2022 Jul. PubMed 34949706 ↗
  • Juniper EF, Buist AS, Cox FM, Ferrie PJ, King DR. Validation of a standardized version of the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire. Chest. 1999 May;115(5):1265-70. doi: 10.1378/chest.115.5.1265. PubMed 10334138 ↗
  • Juniper EF, O'Byrne PM, Guyatt GH, Ferrie PJ, King DR. Development and validation of a questionnaire to measure asthma control. Eur Respir J. 1999 Oct;14(4):902-7. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-3003.1999.14d29.x. PubMed 10573240 ↗
  • Nathan RA, Sorkness CA, Kosinski M, Schatz M, Li JT, Marcus P, Murray JJ, Pendergraft TB. Development of the asthma control test: a survey for assessing asthma control. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004 Jan;113(1):59-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2003.09.008. PubMed 14713908 ↗
  • Galant SP, Kuks PJM, Kole TM, Kraft M, Siddiqui S, Fabbri LM, Beghe B, Rabe KF, Papi A, Brightling CE, Singh D, Kocks JWH, Franzini L, Vonk JM, Kerstjens HAM, Heijink IH, Pouwels SD, Slebos DJ, van den Berge M. Assessment of the role of small airway dysfunction in relation to exacerbation risk in patients with well controlled asthma (ATLANTIS): an observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2025 Nov;13(11):990-1000. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(25)00283-8. Epub 2025 Sep 29. PubMed 41038213 ↗
  • 2025 GINA Strategy Report [Internet]. Global Initiative for Asthma - GINA 2025 [cited 2025 Oct 28]. Available from: https://ginasthma.org/2025-gina-strategy-report/).
  • Papi A, Singh D, Virchow JC, Canonica GW, Vele A, Georges G. Normalisation of airflow limitation in asthma: Post-hoc analyses of TRIMARAN and TRIGGER. Clin Transl Allergy. 2022 Apr 17;12(4):e12145. doi: 10.1002/clt2.12145. eCollection 2022 Apr. PubMed 35450196 ↗
  • Quaranta VN, Montagnolo F, Portacci A, Dragonieri S, Granito M, Rociola G, Ferrulli S, Maselli L, Carpagnano GE. Steady Quiet Asthma Without Biologics: One-Year Outcomes of Single-Inhaler Triple Therapy for Severe Asthma with Small Airway Dysfunction. J Clin Med. 2025 Aug 7;14(15):5602. doi: 10.3390/jcm14155602. PubMed 40807224 ↗
  • Carpagnano GE, Scioscia G, Lacedonia D, Stornelli SR, Irene Quarato CM, Soccio P, Resta O, Foschino Barbaro MP. Treatment response according to small airways disease status: The effects of high-strength extrafine pMDI beclomethasone dipropionate/formoterol fumarate in fixed dose combination in moderate uncontrolled asthmatic patients. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Feb;60:101879. doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2019.101879. Epub 2019 Dec 20. PubMed 31866498 ↗
  • Scichilone N, Battaglia S, Sorino C, Paglino G, Martino L, Paterno A, Santagata R, Spatafora M, Nicolini G, Bellia V. Effects of extra-fine inhaled beclomethasone/formoterol on both large and small airways in asthma. Allergy. 2010 Jul;65(7):897-902. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02306.x. Epub 2010 Jan 28. PubMed 20121764 ↗
  • Virchow JC, Kuna P, Paggiaro P, Papi A, Singh D, Corre S, Zuccaro F, Vele A, Kots M, Georges G, Petruzzelli S, Canonica GW. Single inhaler extrafine triple therapy in uncontrolled asthma (TRIMARAN and TRIGGER): two double-blind, parallel-group, randomised, controlled phase 3 trials. Lancet. 2019 Nov 9;394(10210):1737-1749. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32215-9. Epub 2019 Sep 30. PubMed 31582314 ↗
  • Kraft M, Richardson M, Hallmark B, Billheimer D, Van den Berge M, Fabbri LM, Van der Molen T, Nicolini G, Papi A, Rabe KF, Singh D, Brightling C, Siddiqui S; ATLANTIS study group. The role of small airway dysfunction in asthma control and exacerbations: a longitudinal, observational analysis using data from the ATLANTIS study. Lancet Respir Med. 2022 Jul;10(7):661-668. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00536-1. Epub 2022 Mar 2. PubMed 35247313 ↗
  • Postma DS, Brightling C, Baldi S, Van den Berge M, Fabbri LM, Gagnatelli A, Papi A, Van der Molen T, Rabe KF, Siddiqui S, Singh D, Nicolini G, Kraft M; ATLANTIS study group. Exploring the relevance and extent of small airways dysfunction in asthma (ATLANTIS): baseline data from a prospective cohort study. Lancet Respir Med. 2019 May;7(5):402-416. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(19)30049-9. Epub 2019 Mar 12. PubMed 30876830 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — All IPD that underlie results in a publication

Supporting information: Study protocol, Statistical analysis plan, Informed consent form, Clinical study report

Time frame: Starting after the date of publication.

Access criteria: Individual participant data (IPD) and supporting information from this trial will be freely available to qualified researchers following the publication of the trial results. Access will include the de-identified participant-level dataset, study protocol, and statistical analysis plan. Researchers may request the data through the corresponding data repository link.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 3, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07372521
Lead sponsor
University Hospital, Ioannina
Collaborators
Attikon Hospital, 424 General Military Hospital, George Papanicolaou Hospital, University Hospital of Patras, University Hospital, Alexandroupolis
Responsible party
Konstantinos Kostikas (Professor and Head Respiratory Medicine, University of Ioannina, Greece, University Hospital, Ioannina) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jan 28, 2026
Start date
Jan 19, 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
Jun 30, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Jan 31, 2028 (estimated)
Last update
Feb 3, 2026

Study contacts

Konstantinos Kostikas, Professor
Contact
ktkostikas@uoi.gr
+302651007536

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Jan 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

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