An interventional study of Propolis Containing Toothpaste and Probiotic containing toothpaste in Oral Malodor (Halitosis), sponsored by Çankırı Karatekin University. Completed at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to participants aged 18 Years to 30 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-01-09.
Sponsored by Çankırı Karatekin University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different toothpaste formulations on oral malodor in young adults, addressing the lack of clinical evidence regarding propolis- and probiotic-containing toothpastes, which have predominantly been investigated in mouthrinse, tablet, or chewing gum formulations.
Volunteers aged 18-30 years with baseline organoleptic assessment (OA) and Breath Checker® (BC) scores >0 were randomized into four toothpaste groups: propolis-containing (Glimo Beta), probiotic-containing (Glimo Pi), phosphate-based (Glimo Gamma), and a standard fluoride toothpaste (Sensodyne). Allocation concealment was ensured using identical coded containers, and outcome assessors were blinded. After exclusions, 52 participants completed the study. Oral malodor was evaluated at baseline (T0) and Day 14 (T1) using OA, BC measurements, and self-perceived oral malodor scores.
93 studies on the registry are indexed under Halitosis; 17 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 52 is above the median of 45 across 79 interventional studies indexed under Halitosis.
Browse Halitosis studies →Çankırı Karatekin University is the lead sponsor of 65 studies on the registry; 20 are open to participants now.
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No systemic diseases or medications known to cause halitosis
Exclusion Criteria:
Participants in this arm used propolis containing toothpaste twice daily for routine oral hygiene during the study period.
Other: Propolis Containing Toothpaste
Participants in this arm used probiotic containing toothpaste twice daily for routine oral hygiene during the study period.
Other: Probiotic containing toothpaste
Participants in this arm used phosphate-based formulation toothpaste twice daily for routine oral hygiene during the study period.
Other: Phosphate-based formulation toothpaste
Participants in this arm used standard fluoride containing toothpaste twice daily for routine oral hygiene during the study period.
Other: Standard fluoride toothpaste
Participants were instructed to brush their teeth using propolis toothpaste twice daily (morning and evening) for 14 days as part of their routine oral hygiene.
Participants were instructed to brush their teeth using probiotic toothpaste twice daily (morning and evening) for 14 days as part of their routine oral hygiene.
Participants were instructed to brush their teeth using Phosphate-based formulation toothpaste twice daily (morning and evening) for 14 days as part of their routine oral hygiene.
Participants were instructed to brush their teeth using standard fluoride toothpaste twice daily (morning and evening) for 14 days as part of their routine oral hygiene.
Change in oral malodor severity
Oral malodor was assessed using an organoleptic scoring method and a portable breath checker device. The change in scores from baseline to the end of the intervention period was evaluated.
Time frame: Baseline and Day 14
Plan to share: No — Individual participant data will not be shared publicly due to privacy and ethical considerations.
No publications or documents are linked to this record.
This study is completed, as verified in Jan 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Çankırı Karatekin University