An interventional study of Coordination Training and Core Training in Physical Performance and Fitness in Old Age, sponsored by The President Stanisław Wojciechowski State University of Applied Sciences in Kalisz. Completed at 1 site in Poland. Open to female participants aged 65 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-12-26.
Sponsored by The President Stanisław Wojciechowski State University of Applied Sciences in Kalisz · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn which physical activity affects the quality of gait, physical and mental fitness of older women. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Does any of the training methods improve the physical or mental fitness of postmenopausal women? Which of these training methods improves the physical and mental condition of postmenopausal women the most?
Researchers will compare the results of three training groups to each other and to control group (with no training) to see which training method has the greatest impact on improving the quality of gait, physical fitness and mental health of postmenopausal women.
Participants took part in physical activity classes that took place for 12 weeks, twice a week for 45 minutes.
Before starting the first and after completing the last physical activity, participants participated in the following tests: resting circulatory parameters, anthropometric tests, respiratory spirometry, cardiorespiratory fitness assessment, Fullerton test, measurement of force distribution and foot pressure, physical activity level assessment (IPAQ), and questionnaires on health-related quality of life (SF-36), geriatric depression scale (GDS), and cognitive function assessment scale (MoCA).
The study aims to comprehensively evaluate three therapeutic methods and their impact on gait quality, physical fitness, and mental well-being. It will allow for the identification of gait patterns, the determination of parameter values separately for the left and right legs, enabling the assessment of gait symmetry, and may indicate injury or pain in the subject, even if these are not yet visible to the observer.
The study group consisted of 100 women over 65 years of age. Each of the three therapeutic methods was represented by 25 participants. The control group, which received no intervention, also consisted of 25 participants. Participants eligible for the project must have no health contraindications to participating in physical activity. Participation in the project is voluntary, and participants may withdraw from participation at any stage.
The three therapeutic methods (interventions) are:
Before the first and after the last exercise class, the following tests was performed:
It was used for a multidimensional assessment of physical fitness. It allows for the observation of gradual decline in fitness with age and assesses tolerance, strength, and flexibility of the upper and lower body, as well as agility and balance. The Fullerton Test consists of six sequentially performed parts:
Arm Curl Test Back Scratch Test 30-Second Chair Stand Chair Sit-and-Reach Test 8-Foot Up-and-Go Test 6-Minute Walk Test
The study will determine gait patterns and any asymmetries. This information can be useful in selecting potential orthopedic equipment and appropriate corrective exercises.
The prevention of injuries related to falls caused by abnormal gait patterns will be discussed.
The study results will be used to implement therapeutic programs aimed at correcting identified functional abnormalities in older adults. After completing the project, the women participating in the study will receive an exercise program to correct their individual deficits.
The President Stanisław Wojciechowski State University of Applied Sciences in Kalisz is the lead sponsor of 6 studies on the registry; 2 are open to participants now.
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Exclusion Criteria:
Eye-hand coordination exercises, balance exercises, walking and running exercises, exercises with scarves and balls, senomotor exercises
Other: Coordination Training
Exercisec focused on the mobility of a single joint. The exercises performed in various positions and using small sports equipment. Yoga elements and breathing exercises were also included.
Other: Mobility Training
Exercises focused on the postural stabilization, exercises for steady positioning while sitting, standing, or moving. The exercises in various positions and using small sports equipment for the balance and core strength
Other: Core Training
The group included 25 women over 65 years of age. The group participated in no sports activities
The group included 25 women over 65 years of age. The group participated in sports activities twice a week for three months. Each training session lasted 45 minutes and focused on the coordination and balance. The exercises were performed in various positions and using small sports equipment to achieve smooth, accurate, and controlled movements. These was achieved by exercises with: * Coordination ladders - developing rhythm, speed, and precision * Unstable surface exercises - improving balance and postural control * Reaction exercises (e.g., responding to auditory/visual signals). * Multitasking tasks - combining physical and mental elements * Exercises in variable conditions (e.g., closed eyes, non-standard equipment). * Movement games and activities - varying directions, speeds, and reactions to external stimuli, developing the ability to switch and adapt movement.
The group included 25 women over 65 years of age. The group participated in sports activities twice a week for three months. Each training session lasted 45 minutes and focused on the postural stabilization to keep the body's center of mass within its, allowing for steady positioning while sitting, standing, or moving. The exercises were performed in various positions and using small sports equipment. exercises were chosen to improve the body's ability to control and maintain its position against gravity, enhancing balance and core strength
The group included 25 women over 65 years of age. The group participated in sports activities twice a week for three months. Each training session lasted 45 minutes and focused on the mobility of a single joint. The exercises were performed in various positions and using small sports equipment. Yoga elements and breathing exercises were also included.
Level of Physical Fitness
physical fitness measured using the Fullerton test
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Quality of Life Assessment
SF-36 Questionnaire * The recoded values for items within a domain are summed and then transformed to a 0-100 scale (0 = worst, 100 = best health). * Eight Scales (Domains): Physical Functioning (PF) Role Limitations due to Physical Health (RP) Role Limitations due to Emotional Problems (RE) Vitality (VT) Emotional Well-being (MH) Social Functioning (SF) Bodily Pain (BP) General Health (GH)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Assessment of Lung Function
Vital Capacity in liters (L)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment/traing at 14 weeks
Assessment of Lung Function
Tidal Volume in millliliters (mL)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment/traing at 14 weeks
Assessment of Lung Function
Respiratory Rate (RR) in breath per minute (bpm)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment/traing at 14 weeks
Assessment of Lung Function
Tiffeneau-Pinelli Index - FEV1/FVC Ratio (%)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment/traing at 14 weeks
Assessment of Lung Function
Maximal Mid-Expiratory Flow Rate (MMEF or FEF 25-75) in L/s
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment/traing at 14 weeks
Level of Physical Fitness
IPAQ international physical activity questionnaire (MET-minutes/week units) Measured various domains of the eve-ry-day life: at work, while traveling, doing housework or leisure activities and sports. It mea-sures the time spent sitting at weekdays and weekends. It allows easy classification of the respondents physical activity into three categories: low (below 600 MET-minutes/ week), moderate (600-1500 lub 600-3000 MET-minutes/week) and high (above 1500 or 3000 MET-minutes/week).
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of tratment/training at 14 weeks
Quality of Life Assesment
The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) * scoring involves answering yes/no questions, with points given for specific answers * For the common 30-item scale, scores usually mean: 0-9 Normal, 10-19 Mild Depression, 20-30 Severe Depression
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Anthropometric Measurements using TANITA MC-980 MA device (TANITA, Japan).
The examination was be performed using a TANITA MC-980 MA device (TANITA, Japan), using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) \- total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water (ICW)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Assessment of Cognitive Function
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCa) assesses: Memory, Attention and concentration, Language, Visuospatial skills, Executive functions, Conceptual thinking and Orientation \- scoring up to 30 points, with higher scores indicating better function (normal is \~26+)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
FootMat Clinical 7.10 Measurement of Foot Load and its Behavior while Walking by pressure sensor mat, MobileMat, provide by Tekscan
Metatarsal or Heel Maximum Force in Newton (N) 1st and 2nd Peak of Foot (left and right) in seconds Measurement of the maximum force and average pressure on the plantar side of the foot while walking (dynamic test)
Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Antropometric Measurements using TANITA MC-980 MA device (TANITA, Japan)
The examination was be performed using a TANITA MC-980 MA device (TANITA, Japan), using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) \- weight in kiligrams
Time frame: from enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Anthropometric Measurements using TANITA MC-980 MA device (Tanita, Japan)
The examination was be performed using a TANITA MC-980 MA device (TANITA, Japan), using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) \- BMI - weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m\^2
Time frame: from enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Anthropometric Measurements using TANITA MC-980 MA device (Tanita, Japan)
\- skeletal muscle mass in kilograms
Time frame: from enrollment to the end of the treatment/training at 14 weeks
Anthropometric Measurements using TANITA MC-980 MA device (Tanita, Japan)
* body fat mass in kilograms * body fat percentage (%)
Time frame: from enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Anthropometric Measurements using TANITA MC-980 MA device (Tanita, Japan)
\- fat free mass index based on weight, height and body fat percentage
Time frame: from enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Anthropometric Measurements using TANITA MC-980 MA device (Tanita, Japan)
\- visceral fat level 1-12: Healthy level of visceral fat. 13-59: Excessive level of visceral fat.
Time frame: from enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Anthropometric Measurements using Goniometer Saehen provide by StanleyMed
Saehan Goniometr: \- range of motion in the hip, knee and ankle joints (Adduction, Abduction, Flexion, Extension, External- and Internalrotation)
Time frame: from enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Anthropometric Measurement with SECA 201 anthropometric tape (SECA, Germany)
\- hip and waist circumferences
Time frame: from enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Anthropometric Measurements with SECA 201 anthropometric tape (SECA, Germany)
\- chest mobility
Time frame: from enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Anthropometric Measurement with SECA 201 anthropometric tape (SECA, Germany)
\- length and circumference of the lower limbs
Time frame: from enrollment to the end of treatment/training at 14 weeks
Plan to share: Yes — in planning
Supporting information: Study protocol, Statistical analysis plan
Time frame: Beginning 1 year after publication with no end date
Access criteria: still on planning, beginning after the publication
No publications or documents are linked to this record.
Ran from Oct 2024 to primary completion in Apr 2025, 6 months.
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This study is completed, as verified in Dec 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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The President Stanisław Wojciechowski State University of Applied Sciences in Kalisz