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Not yet recruitingNCT07024771SHINEUpdated Jun 17, 2025

Severity of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy and Neurological Pupil Index in Neonates

An observational study in Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE), sponsored by University of Calgary. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in Canada. Open to participants aged Up to 6 Hours. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-06-17.

Sponsored by University of Calgary · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Jun 2026, 5 months ago, but the record still lists the study as not yet recruiting.

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Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
25
Ages
Up to 6 Hours
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 19 studies in Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain with a site in Canada — 10 open to participants now, 10 under way, none of them phase 3. Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain · Canada.

Started
2025
with 3 others
Observational
5 of 19
2 open now
Registered
16th of 19
by date
Lead sponsor
2 of 19
University of Calgary

Among the 19 studies in Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain with a site in Canada, this one is one of 4 that started in 2025, is one of 5 observational ones, and was the 16th registered.

Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain

261 studies on the registry are indexed under Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; 94 are open to participants now.

Browse Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain studies →

Open to participants now

10 of the 19 studies in Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain with a site in Canada are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

4 more — sign in →

All 10 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Canada have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Canada →

Who these studies take

Of the 60 Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain studies recruiting now, 21 (35%) set no upper age limit and 37 (62%) stop at 75 or younger; 46 take children under 18; 7 take healthy volunteers.

This study: Up to 6 Hours · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

The goal of this observational study is to learn if the reactivity of a newborn's eye to light (measured as an index, using a new device -pupillometer) reflect the health of their brain recovering from disruption of blood/oxygen supply during birth (Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy-HIE). The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • With a decreasing reactivity index, does the chance of an abnormal electrical function of brain (noted by electroencephalography (EEG)) increase?
  • With a decreasing reactivity index, do the odds of an indicator of severe impact on brain health (abnormal brain imaging, seizures, feeding difficulty) increase? Participants will undergo eye examination using the pupillometer instead of the regular penlight, as part of their routine neurological examination. This will not change the way in which the newborn is being treated and managed medically.
Read the detailed description

BACKGROUND:

A newborn baby diagnosed with Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) needs frequent assessment of brain function which includes assessment of pupils in the eyes. However the traditional penlight does not provide a standard measurement and is not very accurate , as it varies based on interpretation of the observer. A new hand-held, non-contact device known as the automated "pupillometer", not only provides a safe, reliable, accurate measurement of the pupil size, but also provides additional information like Neurological Pupil Index (NPi). This value is used to assess the brain function in adults and older children, but the significance of the same has not been studied in a newborn population.

METHODOLOGY:

An Informed consent will be obtained prior to enrolment of the infant in the study. Neurological examination and pupillary assessment will be done at 5 different timepoints: - first at admission(baseline), followed by 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours of life, and once prior to discharge. Measurements will be done in both eyes and lesser score of the two will be considered for analysis. Outcome measures including EEG (which is continuous) and MRI (done on day 5 per unit protocol) will be documented and collated for analysis. This is an observational study and the measurement of NPi will not alter the treatment protocol.

The device has been approved by Health Canada for use across all patient population. This device poses no new risks and is safe to use, as it is a non-contact device and is relatively easy to use. Aseptic precautions will be followed when the device is used.

ANALYSIS:

SAMPLE SIZE CONSIDERATIONS:

This is a novel study, with no pre-existing literature. Hence, an initial small scale pilot study will be undertaken with a convenient sample size of all moderate to severe HIE within a year, with anticipation of 70% recruitment. An estimated sample size of 20-25 will help estimate the effect size, variability of NPi, explore relationship between NPi \& indicators of severity of HIE and further refine study design \& sample size calculation

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:

Primary outcome:

The primary outcome (abnormal EEG pattern) will be a categorical variable (Yes/No type) The relationship between NPi and the primary outcome will be analysed using logistic regression model and expressed as Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals.

Secondary outcome:

The secondary outcome (a composite measure of factors which indicate risk for severe HIE (including occurrence of seizure during admission, abnormal MRI finding or persistent feeding difficulty) will be assessed using logistic regression A Receiver-Operator Characteristic curve analysis will evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of NPi in predicting clinical severity of HIE indicating sensitivity \& specificity. Any novel threshold values which can predict the cut-off for abnormal EEG pattern, or risk of severe HIE using other indicators will be identified with AUC >0.7

03

Conditions studied

  • Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE)

Keywords

  • Neurological pupil index
  • Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
  • automated pupillometry
  • neonatal neurocritical care
  • severity of HIE
  • therapeutic hypothermia
  • cooling therapy
  • NPi
  • seizures
  • EEG
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
Up to 6 Hours
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Neonates ≥35 weeks of GA, with Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy admitted to neonatal neuro-intensive care unit at Alberta children's hospital, Calgary

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Neonates ≥35 weeks of GA, with Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy admitted to neonatal neuro-intensive care unit at Alberta children's hospital, Calgary will be included in the study

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Infants with chromosomal abnormalities/ syndromic associations
  • Infants with ocular / orbital injuries or structural anomalies of the eye obscuring the pupillometry measurement
  • Infants with inadequate pupillometry data / EEG data
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
25 participants (estimated)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • HIE infants

    Newborns diagnosed with HIE , more than 35 weeks of age, admitted to a neonatal neurocritical care unit in Alberta Children's hospital, undergoing therapeutic hypothermia

    Device: Automated Pupillometer

Interventions

  • DeviceAutomated Pupillometer

    An automated pupillometer will be used to measure pupil size and calculate NPi in newborns with HIE

    Also known as: Neurological pupil index

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Abnormal EEG pattern

    Abnormal EEG patterns will be monitored via continuous amplitude -integrated EEG (aEEG) . It will be scored by an expert neonatal neurologist into an objective score ranging from 0 to 5, where 0 = normal, 1=discontinuous, 2= Burst suppression, 3= isoelectric, 4= seizures and 5= not done. Any score from 1 to 4 will be considered as indicative of severe HIE, and will be considered collectively as "abnormal EEG pattern"

    Time frame: From starting therapeutic hypothermia at admission (baseline) till completion of therapeutic hypothermia (72 hours from starting cooling therapy). EEG will be monitored CONTINUOUSLY during this period of 72 hours

Secondary outcomes

  1. Abnormal MRI findings

    To identify any association between NPi and abnormal MRI brain findings * MRI brain findings will be interpreted by an expert neuro-radiologist and classified based on modified WEEKE's score; * any score \>3 will be considered abnormal and indicate severe HIE

    Time frame: MRI brain will be done and scored between day 4 and day 5 from admission

  2. Presence of seizure

    To identify any association between NPi and occurrence of seizure during the hospital stay. -Occurrence of seizure during the hospital stay will be monitored for and documented as YES/NO response based on presence or absence of seizure activity

    Time frame: baseline (day of admission) till day 5 after admission

  3. persistent Feeding difficulty

    To identify any association between NPi and persistent feeding difficulty at discharge. * Persistent feeding difficulty will be defined as requiring tube feeds / home gavage feeds at the time of discharge * will be documented as YES/NO response based on presence or absence of feeding difficulty

    Time frame: will be assessed at the time of discharge from NICU to home or transfer to ward (anytime between week 1 to week 4)

07

Study locations

1 site
  • University of Calgary
    Calgary, Alberta T2N1N4, Canada
    • Khorshid Mohammad, MD, MSc, FRCP, FRCPC · ContactKhorshid.Mohammad@albertahealthservices.ca · 587-893-0700
    • Khorshid Mohammad, MD, MSc, FRCP, FRCPC · Principal investigator
    • Hari Prasath Ramachandran, MD · Sub investigator
    • Sujith G, MD · Sub investigator
    • Juan P Appendino, MD · Sub investigator
    • James Scott, MD · Sub investigator
    • Taheera Tharani · Sub investigator
    • Mandee Chow · Sub investigator
    • Parent Sekhon · Sub investigator
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Oddo M, Sandroni C, Citerio G, Miroz JP, Horn J, Rundgren M, Cariou A, Payen JF, Storm C, Stammet P, Taccone FS. Quantitative versus standard pupillary light reflex for early prognostication in comatose cardiac arrest patients: an international prospective multicenter double-blinded study. Intensive Care Med. 2018 Dec;44(12):2102-2111. doi: 10.1007/s00134-018-5448-6. Epub 2018 Nov 26. PubMed 30478620 ↗
  • Riker RR, Sawyer ME, Fischman VG, May T, Lord C, Eldridge A, Seder DB. Neurological Pupil Index and Pupillary Light Reflex by Pupillometry Predict Outcome Early After Cardiac Arrest. Neurocrit Care. 2020 Feb;32(1):152-161. doi: 10.1007/s12028-019-00717-4. PubMed 31069659 ↗
  • Al-Obaidi SZ, Atem FD, Stutzman SE, Olson DM. Impact of Increased Intracranial Pressure on Pupillometry: A Replication Study. Crit Care Explor. 2019 Oct 30;1(10):e0054. doi: 10.1097/CCE.0000000000000054. eCollection 2019 Oct. PubMed 32166235 ↗
  • Kim TJ, Park SH, Jeong HB, Ha EJ, Cho WS, Kang HS, Kim JE, Ko SB. Neurological Pupil Index as an Indicator of Neurological Worsening in Large Hemispheric Strokes. Neurocrit Care. 2020 Oct;33(2):575-581. doi: 10.1007/s12028-020-00936-0. PubMed 32096118 ↗
  • Shah SS, Ranaivo HR, Mets-Halgrimson RB, Rychlik K, Kurup SP. Establishing a normative database for quantitative pupillometry in the pediatric population. BMC Ophthalmol. 2020 Mar 26;20(1):121. doi: 10.1186/s12886-020-01389-x. PubMed 32216772 ↗
  • Sandroni C, Citerio G, Taccone FS. Automated pupillometry in intensive care. Intensive Care Med. 2022 Oct;48(10):1467-1470. doi: 10.1007/s00134-022-06772-4. Epub 2022 Jun 30. No abstract available. PubMed 35773500 ↗
  • Jiang J, Sari H, Goldman R, Huff E, Hanna A, Samraj R, Gourabathini H, Bhalala U. Neurological Pupillary Index (NPi) Measurement Using Pupillometry and Outcomes in Critically Ill Children. Cureus. 2023 Oct 4;15(10):e46480. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46480. eCollection 2023 Oct. PubMed 37927706 ↗
  • Couret D, Boumaza D, Grisotto C, Triglia T, Pellegrini L, Ocquidant P, Bruder NJ, Velly LJ. Reliability of standard pupillometry practice in neurocritical care: an observational, double-blinded study. Crit Care. 2016 Mar 13;20:99. doi: 10.1186/s13054-016-1239-z. PubMed 27072310 ↗
  • Hall CA, Chilcott RP. Eyeing up the Future of the Pupillary Light Reflex in Neurodiagnostics. Diagnostics (Basel). 2018 Mar 13;8(1):19. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics8010019. PubMed 29534018 ↗
  • Brown KL, Agrawal S, Kirschen MP, Traube C, Topjian A, Pressler R, Hahn CD, Scholefield BR, Kanthimathinathan HK, Hoskote A, D'Arco F, Bembea M, Manning JC, Hunfeld M, Buysse C, Tasker RC. The brain in pediatric critical care: unique aspects of assessment, monitoring, investigations, and follow-up. Intensive Care Med. 2022 May;48(5):535-547. doi: 10.1007/s00134-022-06683-4. Epub 2022 Apr 21. PubMed 35445823 ↗
  • van Kooij BJ, van Handel M, Nievelstein RA, Groenendaal F, Jongmans MJ, de Vries LS. Serial MRI and neurodevelopmental outcome in 9- to 10-year-old children with neonatal encephalopathy. J Pediatr. 2010 Aug;157(2):221-227.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.02.016. Epub 2010 Apr 9. PubMed 20381069 ↗
  • Hagberg H, David Edwards A, Groenendaal F. Perinatal brain damage: The term infant. Neurobiol Dis. 2016 Aug;92(Pt A):102-12. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.09.011. Epub 2015 Sep 25. PubMed 26409031 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — per data sharing restrictions , considering confidentiality of information, in a vulnerable population, IPD will not be shared

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Start is estimated for Aug 2025; primary completion for Jun 2026, 10 months later.

Of 46 non-industry observational studies under Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain, half reached primary completion within 43 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 20. This study's planned 10 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 50 studies reached it within 43 months; a quarter within 20.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
May 22, 2025
First posted
Jun 17, 2025
StartEst.
Aug 2025
Primary completionEst.
Jun 2026
CompletionEst.
Jun 2026
Last update
Jun 17, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 17, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07024771
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 17, 2025
Start date
Aug 2025 (estimated)
Primary completion
Jun 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 2026 (estimated)
Last update
Jun 17, 2025

Study contacts

Khorshid Mohammad, MD, Mac, FRCP, FRCPC
Contact
Khorshid.Mohammad@albertahealthservices.ca
587-893-0700
Hari Prasath Ramachandran, MD
Contact
hariprasath.ramachandran@albertahealthservices.ca
403-620-0975
Khorshid Mohammad, MD, MSc, FRCP, FRCPC
principal investigator · Cummings school of medicine, University of Calgary

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in May 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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