CClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT06888388NSMUpdated Aug 18, 2026

Long-term Safety of Nipple Sparing Mastectomy in Women With High Penetrance Breast Cancer Susceptibility Genes in Breast Cancer

An observational study in Breast Cancer Surgery, sponsored by Sir Mortimer B. Davis - Jewish General Hospital. Recruiting at 16 sites in 8 countries. Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 90 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-18.

Sponsored by Sir Mortimer B. Davis - Jewish General Hospital · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
4,700
Ages
18 Years to 90 Years
Sex
Female
01

Study summary

Patients with a germline pathogenic variant (GPV) in high-penetrance breast cancer susceptibility genes who are considering risk reducing mastectomy (RRM) often strongly desire to keep their nipple areola complex but inquire as to whether it is safe to do so. Relative to traditional or skin sparing mastectomy (SSM) techniques, nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM) is associated with improved psychosocial and sexual well-being and is significantly better for body image and reducing feelings of disfigurement.

Despite this, guidelines have yet to endorse the use of NSM over other RRM techniques, stating that more data and longer follow-up are needed to confirm it as a safe and effective strategy in GPV carriers. As NSM was not routinely adopted in high-risk patient populations undergoing RRM before 2010, there has been little data to inform the long-term oncologic safety of NSM. Well-designed studies have reported low to negligible rates of subsequent breast cancer in BRCA1/2 carriers following NSM, but have been limited by short median follow-up of less than 3 years. The current study is designed to confirm, with longer follow-up, prior findings on the oncologic safety of NSM in unaffected BRCA1/2 carriers. The investigators will also expand data to other high-penetrance GPV carriers, including PALB2, CDH1, PTEN, and TP53, for whom there is little-to-no data on outcomes following RRM.

02

Conditions studied

  • Breast Cancer Surgery

Keywords

  • breast cancer surgery
  • nipple sparing mastectomy
  • oncologic safety
  • Cancer prevention
  • Breast Cancer Prevention
  • BRCA
  • germline pathogenic variant
  • GPV
  • Li Fraumeni
  • Hereditary lobular breast cancer
  • Cowden syndrome
  • PALB2
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 90 Years
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Female patients aged 18-years or older with a confirmed GPV in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, TP53, CDH1 or PTEN identified on pre-symptomatic genetic testing performed between January 1, 1994-June 30, 2024

Inclusion criteria

  • Assigned female sex at birth
  • Age 18 years or older
  • Confirmed GPV in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, TP53, CDH1 or PTEN identified on pre-symptomatic genetic testing

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of breast cancer prior to genetic testing
  • History of ovarian cancer prior to genetic testing
  • History of bilateral mastectomy performed prior to genetic testing
  • Presence of a variant of uncertain significance (VUS) in the absence of another GPV in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, TP53, CDH1 or PTEN.
04

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
4,700 participants (estimated)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Risk Reducing Mastectomy

    Procedure: Nipple Sparing Mastectomy (NSM) · Procedure: Skin-Sparing Mastectomy (SSM) · Procedure: Total (Simple) Mastectomy

  • Active surveillance

Interventions

  • ProcedureNipple Sparing Mastectomy (NSM)

    Nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM) is a surgical procedure which removes all macroscopic breast glandular tissue while retaining the skin as well as the nipple areola complex.

  • ProcedureSkin-Sparing Mastectomy (SSM)

    Skin sparing mastectomy (SSM) is a procedure that removes the nipple and areola complex along with all visible macroscopic breast glandular tissue.

  • ProcedureTotal (Simple) Mastectomy

    Total (Simple) Mastectomy is a traditional mastectomy approach that removes the breast glandular tissue with a large overlying area of skin including the nipple and areola complex to allow for flat closure.

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Incidence of breast cancer following RRM

    The primary outcome of interest is the incidence of breast cancer following RRM, defined as a histologically confirmed diagnosis of in situ or invasive breast cancer present within the nipple/areola, skin, subcutaneous tissue of the chest wall/reconstructed breast, or axillary lymph nodes. Patients with clinically occult invasive breast cancer diagnosed at the time of RRM (ie. on mastectomy pathology) will be excluded from the primary outcome analysis.

    Time frame: 10 years

Secondary outcomes

  1. Incidence of RRM

    To evaluate uptake of RRM versus active surveillance amongst an international cohort of unaffected women with high-penetrance GPVs in BRCA1/2, PALB2, CDH1, PTEN, or TP53

    Time frame: 10 years

  2. Incidence of post-operative complications

    To evaluate post-operative complications and supplemental surgery following NSM, SSM, and total mastectomy in those undergoing RRM

    Time frame: 10 years

  3. Incidence of pathologic outcomes following NSM

    To evaluate pathologic outcomes following RRM, including the presence of high-risk lesions or occult in situ and/or invasive malignancy

    Time frame: 10 years

  4. Number of participants using endocrine prevention

    To explore the use of endocrine prevention in unaffected women with high-penetrance GPVs in BRCA1/2, PALB2, CDH1, PTEN, or TP53 who elect to undergo active surveillance

    Time frame: 10 years

  5. Number of participants who have undergone pre-mastectomy imaging and post-mastectomy surveillance

    To assess practices in pre-mastectomy imaging and post-mastectomy surveillance, including the number of participants who underwent preoperative MRI and mammography as well as post-mastectomy surveillance, including MRI, ultrasound and chest wall examination.

    Time frame: 10 years

06

Study locations

9 of 16 sites recruiting
  • Yale University
    New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
    Recruiting
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital - Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center
    Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
    Not yet recruiting
  • Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)
    New York, New York 10065, United States
    • Giacomo Montagna, MD · Contact · MontagnG@mskcc.org
    • Giacomo Montagna, MD · Principal investigator
    Not yet recruiting
  • University of Rochester, Wilmot Cancer Institute
    Rochester, New York 14642, United States
    Not yet recruiting
  • University of Pennsylvania
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6205, United States
    Recruiting
  • University of Melbourne, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center
    Melbourne, Australia
    Not yet recruiting
  • Ziekenhuis Aan de Stroom
    Antwerp, 2030, Belgium
    Active, not recruiting
  • University of Calgary
    Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
    Recruiting
  • Hamilton Health Sciences
    Hamilton, Ontario L8L 2X2, Canada
    Recruiting
  • Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto
    Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    Not yet recruiting
  • Jewish General Hospital
    Montreal, Quebec H3T1E2, Canada
    Recruiting
  • CHU de Quebec Université laval
    Québec, Quebec G1S 4L8, Canada
    Recruiting
  • Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR, Tokyo
    Tokyo, Japan
    Recruiting
  • Champalimaud Foundation, University of Lisbon
    Lisbon, Portugal
    Not yet recruiting
  • Asan Medical Centre
    Seoul, South Korea
    Recruiting
  • Belfast Health & Social Care Trust
    Belfast, United Kingdom
    Recruiting
07

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06888388
Lead sponsor
Sir Mortimer B. Davis - Jewish General Hospital
Collaborators
Cancer Research Society, Quebec Breast Cancer Foundation
Responsible party
Stephanie Wong (Assistant Professor of Surgery, Sir Mortimer B. Davis - Jewish General Hospital) — Principal investigator
First posted
Mar 21, 2025
Start date
Feb 1, 2025
Primary completion
Feb 1, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Feb 1, 2028 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 18, 2026

Study contacts

Stephanie Wong, MD
Contact
sm.wong@mcgill.ca
5143408222
Sarah Sabboobeh, MSc
Contact
sarah.sabboobe@ladydavis.ca
5143408222

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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