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Not yet recruitingNCT06727071Wear WOLFUpdated Dec 10, 2024

Using Wearable Sensors To Understand Low Blood Sugar in Type 1 Diabetes

An interventional study of Hyperglycemic clamp in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, sponsored by University of California, San Diego. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 75 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-12-10.

Sponsored by University of California, San Diego · Not applicable, Interventional, and Diagnostic

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Mar 2026, 6 months ago, but the record still lists the study as not yet recruiting.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
20
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years to 75 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This is a single-site study using wearable sensor technology (CGM and smartwatch) to better explain low blood sugars in patients living with type 1 diabetes.

Up to 20 participants with T1D will wear a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and a smartwatch to collect information about hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), heart rate variability (HRV), and sleep for 4 weeks. The main goal is to create a hypoglycemia risk score using wearable sensor metrics that can be easily applied to all patients with T1D to identify those at greater risk of hypoglycemia.

Read the detailed description

This is a single-site study using wearable sensor technology (continuous glucose monitor [CGM] and smartwatch actigraphy) to stratify hypoglycemia and cardiovascular risk in patients living with type 1 diabetes.

To carry out this research, 20 local participants with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) will wear CGM and smartwatches to quantify hypoglycemia, heart rate variability (HRV), and sleep actigraphy for 4 weeks. These data will be correlated with counterregulatory hormone levels collected during hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic (HHC) clamp. The goal is to create a hypoglycemia risk score using wearable sensor metrics that can be easily applied to all patients with T1D to identify those with impaired counter-regulation in the clinical setting (Aim 1). How hypoglycemia exposure impacts cardiometabolic health in T1D will also be explored.

Participants will complete ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), flow mediated dilation (FMD), reactive hyperemia-peripheral artery tonometry (RH-PAT), HRV assessment via wearable smartwatch, and serum inflammatory and coagulation evaluation before and after hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp to investigate the effect of hypoglycemia on these cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (Aim 2,3). Subjects will be monitored for 4 weeks prior, and 1 week after hypoglycemic clamp.

02

Conditions studied

  • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Keywords

  • T1D
  • Type 1 Diabetes
  • Type 1
03

In context

Diabetes Mellitus

10,925 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus; 1,319 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 20 is below the median of 80 across 8,367 interventional studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus studies →

Lead sponsor

University of California, San Diego is the lead sponsor of 958 studies on the registry; 191 are open to participants now.

Of its 110 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 70 (64%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 75 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  1. Men and women between the ages of 18 and 75 years old, inclusive, at the time of screening;
  2. Females of non-childbearing potential must be ≥ 1 year post-menopausal or documented as being surgically sterile. Females of childbearing potential must agree to use two methods of contraception during the entire study;
  3. Diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes >2-year duration based on clinical history or as defined by the current American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria;
  4. Using hybrid closed loop, standard pump, or multiple daily injections;
  5. Able to use a Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) device;
  6. A1c > 7% and ≤ 10%:
  7. eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73m²;
  8. BMI 18.5-35.0 kg/m2 ;
  9. Able to provide written informed consent approved by an Institutional Review Board (IRB).

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. History or evidence of clinically significant disorder or condition that, in the opinion of the Investigator, would pose a risk to subject safety or interfere with the study evaluation, procedures, or completion;
  2. History of pancreatitis, medullary thyroid carcinoma or liver disease:
  3. Clinically significant diagnosis of anemia (Hemoglobin \< 9 g/dl at screening);
  4. Body Mass Index (BMI) \< 18.5 kg/m2 and/or weight \<50kg;
  5. Body Mass Index (BMI) > 35 kg/m2;
  6. Whole blood donation of 1 pint (500 mL) within 8 weeks prior to Screening. Donations of plasma, packed RBCs, platelets or quantities less than 500 mL are allowed at investigator discretion;
  7. Current or recent (within 1 month of screening) use of diabetes medications other than insulin; (examples include GLP-1, RA, SGLT-2i, Pramlintide, Metformin);
  8. Women who are pregnant or lactating/breastfeeding;
  9. Unable or unwilling to follow the study protocol or who are non-compliant with screening appointments or study visits;
  10. Any other condition(s) that might reduce the chance of obtaining study data, or that might cause safety concerns, or that might compromise the ability to give truly informed consent;
  11. Severe hypoglycemic events or DKA within 3 months;
  12. Currently using beta-blockers;
  13. Adrenal insufficiency diagnosis.
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Diagnostic
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
20 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Other
    Wearable Sensor Arm

    The intervention is the hyperglycemic clamp. All participants will complete the clamp.

    Procedure: Hyperglycemic clamp

Interventions

  • ProcedureHyperglycemic clamp

    A continuous infusion of 20% dextrose will be maintained throughout the procedure, while a variable rate of insulin infusion will be used to control participants blood glucose level.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Hypoglycemic Clamp Epinephrine Response

    The change in epinephrine from the start of the clamp to the end as measured in pg/mL.

    Time frame: 160 Minutes

Secondary outcomes

  1. CGM Time In Range

    Percent time between 70-180 mg/dL as measured by continuous glucose monitor.

    Time frame: 4 weeks

  2. CGM Time Below Range

    Percent time \<70 mg/dL as measured by continuous glucose monitor.

    Time frame: 4 weeks

  3. Peripheral Artery Tonometry

    Change in peripheral artery tonometry as measured by Endo-PAT score.

    Time frame: 4 weeks

  4. Brachial Flow Mediated Dilation

    Change in brachial artery vasodilation as measured by flow mediated dilation.

    Time frame: 4 weeks

07

Study locations

1 site
  • University of California, San Diego - ACTRI
    La Jolla, California 92037, United States
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided — As the funding for this project is coming from an NIH K12 grant, the data is being used as preliminary data for a K23 submission, so there may not be enough information available to be meaningfully shared.

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Dec 10, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06727071
Lead sponsor
University of California, San Diego
Collaborators
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Responsible party
Robert L Thomas (Assistant Physician, University of California, San Diego) — Principal investigator
First posted
Dec 10, 2024
Start date
Feb 1, 2025 (estimated)
Primary completion
Mar 31, 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 30, 2026 (estimated)
Last update
Dec 10, 2024

Study contacts

Program Manager
Contact
t1dresearch@health.ucsd.edu
858-246-2169
Robert Thomas, MD, PhD
principal investigator · UC San Diego

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Dec 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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