An observational study in Sarcopenia and Diagnosis, sponsored by Siriraj Hospital. Completed at 1 site in Thailand. Open to participants aged 60 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-08-20.
Sponsored by Siriraj Hospital · Observational
As the elderly population grows, musculoskeletal disorders, including sarcopenia, have become a critical area of study due to their association with falls and fractures. Sarcopenia, characterized by decreased muscle mass, is prevalent among older adults and poses a significant risk for falls. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the SARC-F and SARC-CalF questionnaires, along with calf circumference measurements, in screening for sarcopenia among Thai community-dwelling older adults, following the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria.
The data utilized in this analysis were derived from the Thai Musculoskeletal Diseases Nationwide Study. This cross-sectional study targeted Thai adults aged 60 years and older, conducted between March 2021 and August 2022. Participants were sampled using a multi-level sampling technique to ensure representativeness from community-dwelling older adults across 12 provinces, encompassing Thailand's six primary geographical regions.
Participants were evaluated for possible sarcopenia or sarcopenia, according to AWGS 2019 criteria, by using SARC-F questionnaire, calf circumference measurement, SARC-CalF questionnaire, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM).
1,208 studies on the registry are indexed under Sarcopenia; 402 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 2,543 is above the median of 120 across 419 observational studies indexed under Sarcopenia.
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Community-dwelling older Thai adults living at that area for at least 1 year
Exclusion Criteria:
Diagnostic Test: SARC-F Questionnaire · Diagnostic Test: Calf Circumference Measurement · Diagnostic Test: SARC-CalF Questionnaire
The SARC-F scale consists of five components: strength, walking assistance, rising from a chair, stair climbing, and falls. These elements were selected to reflect changes in health status related to the effects of sarcopenia. Scores on the SARC-F scale range from 0 to 10, composed of five domains, assesses strength, walking assistance, raising from a chair, stair climbing and falls. Each domain score ranges from 0-2. A SARC-F score of ≥4 was considered abnormal. The Thai-version SARC-F questionnaire has been validated in Thai older adults.
Calf circumference was measured using a nonelastic tape measure while the participant was standing with relaxed legs. The tape was placed snugly and flat around the widest part of the calf, parallel to the floor. According to the AWGS 2019 criteria, calf circumferences were considered abnormal if they were less than 34 cm for males and less than 33 cm for females.
This questionnaire integrates the SARC-F and calf circumference as a trigger for case finding. If the calf circumference is below the cut-off value, 10 points are added to the SARC-F score for evaluation. The SARC-CalF score ranges from 0 to 20, with a score of ≥11 considered abnormal for sarcopenia screening.
Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM)
To assess appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), we used the Tanita RD-545, a dual-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) device (Tanita Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Previous studies have demonstrated that this BIA method is reliable and comparable to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for diagnosing sarcopenia in Thai elderly adults. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) was calculated by dividing the ASM by the square of the height. According to the 2019 criteria of the AWGS, low muscle mass is defined as \<7.0 kg/m² for men and \<5.7 kg/m² for women.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks
Handgrip strength
Participants were asked to squeeze a digital Smedley spring hand dynamometer (Takei 5401 Digital Dynamometer; Takei, Tokyo, Japan) with maximum effort while standing with fully extended arms at their sides. The grip size was adjusted for each participant's hand size, and 2 or 3 trials were performed, with the highest output value recorded. Handgrip strengths \< 28 kg in males and \< 18 kg in females were classified as low muscle strength, per the AWGS 2019 criteria.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks
5-time sit-to-stand test (5TSTS)
Participants were directed to sit upright on armless chairs with their backs supported firmly by the backrest. They were then instructed to stand up as quickly as possible for 5 repetitions with their arms crossed, trunk upright, and hips and knees fully extended. The time taken by each participant to complete the test from the initial sitting to the fifth sitting was recorded. The test is considered abnormal if it takes equal or more than 12 seconds to complete the task.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks
Plan to share: No
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