ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT06457945NARCOWANDERINGUpdated Jan 13, 2025

Mind-wandering and Predictive Processes in Narcolepsy: a Putative Mechanism Through Covert REM Intrusions

An interventional study of ASRT and Questionnaires in Narcolepsy Type 1, Hypersomnolence and Idiopathic Hypersomnia, sponsored by Hospices Civils de Lyon. Recruiting at 1 site in France. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-01-13.

Primary conditionIdiopathic HypersomniaRegistry: Disorders of Excessive SomnolenceReclassifiedWhy we changed it
Registry
Disorders of Excessive Somnolence — the first condition term the registry derived for this study.
ClinicalTrials.gg
Idiopathic Hypersomnia
Why
  1. The study's listed conditions name Idiopathic Hypersomnia, a narrower term within Disorders of Excessive Somnolence.
Confidence
High: the new condition is named in the study's own listed conditions. Of 351 hand-checked studies reclassified this way, 68% were exactly right and 84% in the right disease family; the registry's first term was right for 5% (measured 2026-10-21). How we classify →
Wrong?
Tell us the study's main condition →

Sponsored by Hospices Civils de Lyon · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Dec 2024; still recruiting 1 year 11 months later.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
180
Allocation
Non-randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 17 studies in Idiopathic Hypersomnia with a site in France — 9 open to participants now, 10 under way, 1 of them phase 3. Idiopathic Hypersomnia · France.

Planned enrollment
4th of 13
180 · median 117
Started
2024
with 5 others
No phase
5 of 17
3 open now
Registered
10th of 17
by date
Lead sponsor
2 of 17
Hospices Civils de Lyon

Among the 17 studies in Idiopathic Hypersomnia with a site in France, this one is the 4th largest by planned enrollment of the 13 interventional ones, is one of 6 that started in 2024, is one of 5 with no phase, and was the 10th registered.

By phase

17 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.

No phasethis study5 · 3 open
Phase 25 · 4 open
Observational4 · 1 open
Phase 2/32 · 1 open
Phase 31 · 0 open

By the year they started

First in 2016; this study’s year is marked. 6 started in 2024.

Size and results

Median enrollment 117 across the 13 interventional studies, 72 across the 4 observational. Of the 7 that completed or were terminated, 1 (14%) have results posted.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVWith an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 17 studies in Idiopathic Hypersomnia with a site in France, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Mind wandering is a state in which attention turns away from the external environment or current task to focus on internal thoughts (past experiences, future events, planned actions...). Humans are thought to spend at least one third of their waking lives in this state. Mind wandering can be assessed experimentally by investigating mental content during well-controlled tasks. In this case, task-unrelated thoughts likely to arise during tasks of varying cognitive demand are studied. Mind wandering (=task-unrelated thoughts) has a deleterious effect on cognitive performance in most paradigms, particularly those requiring sustained attention and executive control. However, this phenomenon could also have cognitive benefits, although knowledge on this issue remains limited. For example, it has been suggested that mind wandering could promote creativity, anticipation of future scenarios and prospective memory. In a recent behavioural study, we investigated the cost and benefit of mind wandering in an implicit visual-motor probabilistic learning task (ASRT - Alternating Serial Reaction Time Task). ASRT distinguishes between two fundamental processes: visuomotor performance and implicit statistical learning. While the former reflects visuo-spatial discrimination efficiency, the latter refers to the unintentional acquisition of probabilistic regularities of external inputs. Reduced visuo-spatial accuracy and faster but less accurate responses have been observed during periods of mind-wandering. On the other hand, mind-wandering was associated with enhanced statistical learning reflecting improved predictive processing.

Whereas the study of the neural correlates of mind-wandering is constantly growing, the mechanisms triggering mind-wandering are far from being unravelled, but may involve sleep pressure. Thus, the frequency of mind wandering tends to increase after sleep deprivation or during attention-demanding cognitive tasks, during which neurophysiological markers of local sleep appear. These markers of sleep during wakefulness are frequently observed in hypersomnolence disorders. They are generally defined by the appearance of slow waves (typical of slow wave sleep, SWS). Nevertheless, sleep intrusions during wakefulness may not be limited to non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep but also concern REM sleep. REM sleep is the sleep state when the most intense forms of dreaming occur, and could therefore be phenomenologically similar to the reverie of mind wandering. Thus, daytime mental wandering could be triggered by intrusions of REM sleep during wakefulness.

Patients with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) exhibit frequent REM sleep onset during daytime wakefulness. The study of ASRT in this population therefore offers a unique opportunity to investigate the role of REM sleep intrusions in mind wandering. The hypothesis is that mind wandering would be observed more frequently during the ASRT task in NT1 patients (with REM sleep intrusions during wakefulness) than in patients with idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) (with NREM sleep intrusions during wakefulness) and patients with subjective hypersomnolence (little or no sleep intrusion). Furthermore, it could be possible that REM sleep-related mind wandering would be associated with impaired visuomotor performance in terms of accuracy, but improved predictive processing (probabilistic learning) compared to NREM sleep intrusions or no sleep intrusion during the task.

03

Conditions studied

  • Narcolepsy Type 1
  • Hypersomnolence
  • Idiopathic Hypersomnia

Browse trials for

04

In context

Idiopathic Hypersomnia Reclassified

52 studies on the registry are indexed under Idiopathic Hypersomnia; 23 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 180 is above the median of 82 across 40 interventional studies indexed under Idiopathic Hypersomnia.

Browse Idiopathic Hypersomnia studies →

Lead sponsor

Hospices Civils de Lyon is the lead sponsor of 1,866 studies on the registry; 448 are open to participants now.

Compared within Idiopathic Hypersomnia, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Disorders of Excessive Somnolence. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →

05

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients with NT1 or IH diagnosis according to ICSD3-TR criteria (American Academy of Sleep, 2023)
  • For patient with IH: with abnormal Mean Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) (mean latency ≤ 8 min, ≤ 1 SOREMp)
  • Patients with subjective hypersomnolence without underlying cause (negative extensive work-up including actigraphy, PSG, MSLT, 24h bedrest, biological tests, MRI, psychiatric consultation; this allows to rule out sleep deprivation, irregular sleep/wake schedule, sleep apnea or other sleep disorders associated with sleep fragmentation, somatic/psychiatric causes of hypersomnolence, sedative substance intake). This type of "controls" have already been used in studies on hypersomnolence disorders.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Cognitive impairment not compatible with the task
  • Treatment with antidepressant
  • Other cause of hypersomnolence: untreated severe obstructive sleep apnea, sleep-wake circadian rhythm disorders, sleep deprivation, somatic/psychiatric causes of hypersomnolence, sedative substance intake
  • Unstable medical or psychiatric condition
  • Refusal to participate
06

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Non-randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
180 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Narcolepsy type 1

    Patients with narcolepsy type 1 according to International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD3-TR) criteria; they will have to fill study questionnaires and perform the ASRT. A subset of patients will undergo polysomnography recording (EEG, EOG, EMG, ECG) during the ASRT.

    Behavioral: ASRT · Behavioral: Questionnaires · Device: Electrophysiological recordings

  • Experimental
    Idiopathic hypersomnia

    Patients with Idiopathic hypersomnia according to ICSD3-TR and with mean sleep latency ≤8min at the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) (whatever total sleep time/24h bedrest); they will have to fill study questionnaires and perform the ASRT. A subset of patients will undergo polysomnography recording (EEG, EOG, EMG, ECG) during the ASRT.

    Behavioral: ASRT · Behavioral: Questionnaires · Device: Electrophysiological recordings

  • Active comparator
    Subjective hypersomnolence

    Patient with subjective hypersomnolence without underlying cause (negative extensive work-up including actigraphy, polysomnography (PSG), MSLT, 24h bedrest, biological tests, MRI, psychiatric consultation; this allows to rule out sleep deprivation, irregular sleep/wake schedule, sleep apnea or other sleep disorders associated with sleep fragmentation, somatic/psychiatric causes of hypersomnolence, sedative substance intake). A subset of patients will undergo polysomnography recording (EEG, EOG, EMG, ECG) during the ASRT. They will have to fill study questionnaires and perform the ASRT.

    Behavioral: ASRT · Behavioral: Questionnaires · Device: Electrophysiological recordings

Interventions

  • BehavioralASRT

    The task involves the presentation of a visual stimulus in one of four horizontal locations on the screen, and participants are instructed to indicate the location of the target stimulus by pressing the corresponding key on the keyboard. In case of correct response, the target stimulus disappears, and after a 120 ms interstimulus interval, the next stimulus appears. In case of an incorrect response, the target stimulus remains in place until the first correct response. The stimuli follow a probabilistic eight-element sequence, with pattern and random elements alternating with each other. Each participant will be assigned to one of 24 possible sequences throughout the task. The ASRT task will be composed of 25 blocks, with each block containing ten repetitions of the eight-element sequence. After each block, participants will have to take a short break and answer the thought probes before continuing. All patients will perform the task one time.

  • BehavioralQuestionnaires

    All patients will have to fill questionnaire at the beginning of the study * Spontaneous and Deliberate Mind Wandering Scales (SDMWS) * Epworth Sleepiness Scale * Narcolepsy Severity Index * Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale * Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale * Horne \& Ostberg questionnaire * Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) auto-evaluation * Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index * Insomnia Severity Index * Psychotic-like experiences scale

  • DeviceElectrophysiological recordings

    A subset of patients in each arm will undergo polysomnography recording (EEG, EOG, EMG, ECG) during the ASRT

07

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Difference in accuracy in responses between high-and low- probability trials during the ASRT

    Statistical learning will be assessed by the difference in accuracy (percentage of correct location) in responses between high-and low probability trials during the ASRT in the 3 groups (NT1, IH, subjective sleepiness). Mean accuracy scores will be computed for each block for high-and low- probability trials, and the above learning indices will be extracted for each block.

    Time frame: At inclusion, during the ASRT

  2. Difference in reaction time in responses between high-and low- probability trials during the ASRT

    Statistical learning will be assessed by the difference in reaction time (in ms) in responses between high-and low probability trials during the ASRT in the 3 groups (NT1, IH, subjective sleepiness). Median reaction times will be computed for each block for high-and low- probability trials, and the above learning indices will be extracted for each block.

    Time frame: At inclusion, during the ASRT

Secondary outcomes

  1. Subjective states of mind during the ASRT

    Distribution of subjective states of mind (mind wandering, mind blanking, focus on task) assessed at the end of each block during the ASRT in the 3 groups (NT1, IH, subjective sleepiness)

    Time frame: At inclusion, at the end of each block of ASRT

  2. Neurophysiological patterns during the ASRT

    Neurophysiological patterns (EEG, electro-oculography (EOG), electromyography (EMG), ECG to detect sleep intrusion: micro-REM and micro-NREM) will be assessed for each block during the ASRT in all patients and each group of patient (NT1, IH and subjective hypersomnolence) EEG features: spectral power (aperiodic and periodic components, relative and theta-delta/alpha-beta ratio vs pre-task baseline) and specific grapho-elements such as sawtooth waves, alpha bursts and beta oscillations; 2) EMG: muscle tone (% vs pre-task baseline), 3) EOG: presence and % slow vs rapid vs no eye movements, 4) ECG: heart rate, heart rate variability (SDNN, RMSSD), heartbeat evoked potentials)

    Time frame: At inclusion, during the ASRT

  3. Spontaneous and Deliberate Mind Wandering Scales (SDMWS) score

    Time frame: At inclusion

  4. Epworth Sleepiness Scale score

    Subjective sleepiness will be assessed thnaks to Epworth Sleepiness Scale

    Time frame: At inclusion

  5. Dream recall frequency

    Dream recall frequency (n/week, diary the week before the ASRT)

    Time frame: At inclusion

  6. Frequency of sleep-related hallucinations

    Frequency of sleep-related hallucinations (nb/week, item of the Narcolepsy Severity Scale)

    Time frame: At inclusion

  7. Insomnia Severity Index score

    Nighttime sleep quality assessed thanks to the Insomnia Severity Index.

    Time frame: At inclusion

08

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Started Dec 2024 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Dec 2026, 24 months after the start.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
May 31, 2024
First posted
Jun 13, 2024
StartActual
Dec 3, 2024
Primary completionEst.
Dec 3, 2026
CompletionEst.
Dec 3, 2026
Last update
Jan 13, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 13, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06457945
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 13, 2024
Start date
Dec 3, 2024
Primary completion
Dec 3, 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 3, 2026 (estimated)
Last update
Jan 13, 2025

Study contacts

Laure PETER-DEREX, Professor
Contact
laure.peter-derex@chu-lyon.fr
+33 04 72 07 19 29
Dezső NEMETH, PhD
Contact
nemethd@gmail.com
Laure PETER-DEREX, Professor
principal investigator · Hospices Civils de Lyon

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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