An interventional study of oral cholera vaccine or typhoid conjugate vaccine in Cholera, sponsored by Massachusetts General Hospital. Recruiting at 1 site in Bangladesh. Open to participants aged 2 Years to 80 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-04-08.
Sponsored by Massachusetts General Hospital · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science
Background: Vibrio cholerae causes millions of cholera cases and thousands of deaths annually. Vaccines are in short supply. There is no agreement on how to introduce new vaccines or evaluate their effectiveness, and the lack of 'correlates of protection' (CoPs) against cholera is a major obstacle to vaccine development. CoPs are markers of effective immune response to vaccination. While other infectious diseases have well established CoPs, none are widely accepted for cholera.
Relevance: Lack of accepted CoPs impedes development of cholera vaccines, limiting progress toward improved vaccines, slowing the licensure of new vaccines, and contributing to the current vaccine shortage; an immediate obstacle to achieving reductions in cholera-related illness and deaths. The identification of new CoPs will speed the development of improved cholera vaccines and provide a pathway to their licensure and use.
Hypothesis: The investigators hypothesize that some individuals who receive inactivated oral cholera vaccine (OCV) will develop antibody responses which predict protection against V. cholerae infection and that specific immune responses distinguish individuals who are protected against cholera by prior natural infection from those who are protected from OCVs.
Objectives: The investigators will administer an OCV or typhoid vaccine (TCV) control and monitor antibody responses to identify better CoPs for cholera following both vaccination and natural infection.
Methods: The investigators will randomize 1219 participants; 554 participants will receive an inactivated bivalent OCV, 665 participants will receive a TCV control. The investigators will collect 12 blood samples over two-years following vaccination to measure antibodies against V. cholerae and to monitor for re-infection.
Outcome measures/variables: The endpoint of interest is V. cholerae infection after vaccination. The investigators define infection as positive culture or PCR for V. cholerae or seroconversion events observed over the 2-year follow up period.
83 studies on the registry are indexed under Cholera; 16 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 1,221 is above the median of 262 across 72 interventional studies indexed under Cholera.
Browse Cholera studies →Massachusetts General Hospital is the lead sponsor of 2,586 studies on the registry; 447 are open to participants now.
Of its 222 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 168 (76%) have results posted.
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Exclusion criteria
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.
Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Cancer (malignancy)
Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.
Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
The investigators will measure mucosal, memory B cell and circulating antibody responses to V. cholerae in the participants using an established immunoprofiling approach. The investigators will then identify individuals who develop V. cholerae infection over a two-year period, including those with mild and asymptomatic infection. They will use a systems-serology approach to identify CoPs in the OCV (bWC) cohort and non-OCV vaccinated control (TCV) cohort. Our approach will include cross-validation and adjustments for age, sex, and baseline immunity, to identify vaccine-induced CoPs. We will also compare the performance of these CoPs with the traditional vibriocidal titer.
Biological: oral cholera vaccine or typhoid conjugate vaccine
The investigators will compare individual CoPs and immunologic signatures in the OCV and non-cholera vaccinated (TCV) control arms which are correlated with protection. This will identify individual CoPs and immunologic signatures which distinguish protective immunity derived from natural infection with V. cholerae from immunity derived from inactivated OCV response.
Biological: oral cholera vaccine or typhoid conjugate vaccine
One group of participants will receive a 2 dose oral cholera vaccine, the other set will receive a typhoid conjugate vaccine
Vibrio cholerae infection
Serologic, PCR or culture evidence of infection
Time frame: 2 years
Plan to share: Yes — A data sharing plan will be developed in accordance with funder regulations and institutional policies. Deidentified data will be shared upon publication of study results.
Supporting information: Study protocol, Analytic code
Time frame: Annually updated deidentified data will be provided and datasets will be provided with any study publication
No publications or documents are linked to this record.
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