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RecruitingNCT06408181APPLEUpdated Sep 10, 2026

APPLE: Aspirin to Prevent Pregnancy Loss and Preeclampsia

A Phase 3 interventional study of Aspirin 162 mg and Aspirin 81mg in Pre-Eclampsia and Pregnancy Loss, sponsored by University of Pennsylvania. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 45 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-10.

Sponsored by University of Pennsylvania · Phase 3, Interventional, and Prevention

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Jun 2024; still recruiting 2 years 4 months later.
Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
1,150
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 45 Years
Sex
Female
01

Study summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the effects of early initiation of double low-dose aspirin in pregnant women. The main questions it aims to answer are:

Does this dose and timing of aspirin reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia compared to standard recommendations? Does this dose and timing of aspirin reduce the risk of pregnancy loss compared to standard recommendations? Participants will begin taking at no later than 6 weeks 6 days gestational age, either 162mg of aspirin through delivery or placebo until 12 weeks and then 81mg of aspirin through delivery.

02

Conditions studied

  • Pre-Eclampsia
  • Pregnancy Loss

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03

In context

Pre-Eclampsia

916 studies on the registry are indexed under Pre-Eclampsia; 243 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 1,150 is above the median of 110 across 480 interventional studies indexed under Pre-Eclampsia.

Browse Pre-Eclampsia studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Pennsylvania is the lead sponsor of 1,668 studies on the registry; 235 are open to participants now.

Of its 158 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 109 (69%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 45 Years
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Provision of signed and dated form.
  2. Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study.
  3. Ability to take oral medication and be willing to adhere to the prescribed aspirin regimen.
  4. Patients with a gestation less than or equal to 6 weeks, 6 days (as determined by patient record of LMP or ART date).
  5. Patients between 18-45-year old who have one or more risk factors for preeclampsia and/or pregnancy loss, including:

    1. preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy,
    2. gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy,
    3. any documentation of fetal growth restriction or low birth weight in a prior pregnancy,
    4. preterm birth in a previous pregnancy,
    5. known multifetal gestation at enrollment,
    6. chronic hypertension,
    7. pregestational diabetes,
    8. kidney disease,
    9. systemic lupus erythematosus,
    10. nulliparity,
    11. pre-pregnancy >30,
    12. family history of preeclampsia (i.e., mother or sister),
    13. Black persons (due to social, not biological reasons),
    14. Maternal age 35 years or older,
    15. lower income (will be determined by qualification of public health insurance),
    16. conceived with fertility treatment (including in vitro fertilization, ovulation induction, or intrauterine insemination),
    17. history of one or more prior pregnancy losses \<20 weeks gestation,
    18. history of stillbirth in a prior pregnancy,
    19. An interval of greater than 10 years since the last pregnancy.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria

  1. Known allergies to aspirin. Exclusion to allergies to other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID) will be determined on a case-by-case basis;
  2. Clinical indication for anticoagulant therapy, including prior or current thrombosis, antiphospholipid syndrome, or known major thrombophilia;
  3. Clinical indication for chronic use of NSAIDS during pregnancy;
  4. Medical to aspirin therapy, including untreated uncontrolled asthma, untreated symptomatic nasal polyps, bleeding disorders, or history of gastrointestinal ulcer.
  5. Patients with pelvic pain or bleeding who require urgent care (i.e., active vaginal bleeding greater than or equal to expected menses, open cervical os suggesting active miscarriage or severe pain requiring evaluation for ectopic pregnancy)
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(3)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
1,150 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Double low-dose aspirin

    Participants will take 2 81mg aspirin tablets daily from entrance into the trial until delivery.

    Drug: Aspirin 162 mg

  • Placebo comparator
    Standard of Care

    Participants will take 2 placebo pills from entrance into the study until 12 weeks gestational age, they will then take 1 placebo pill and 1 81mg aspirin until delivery.

    Drug: Aspirin 81mg

Interventions

  • Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

    Also known as: acetylsalicylic acid, ASA

  • DrugAspirin 81mg

    Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

    Also known as: acetylsalicylic acid, ASA

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Preeclampsia with or without severe features

    defined as two blood pressures (BPs) ≥ 140/90 mmHg at least 4 hours apart with proteinuria

    Time frame: from 20 weeks pregnancy to delivery, approximately 20 weeks

  2. Pregnancy Loss

    Pregnancy loss prior to 24 weeks gestation

    Time frame: from enrollment to time of pregnancy loss, up to 24 weeks gestation

Secondary outcomes

  1. Composite outcome of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy or pregnancy loss

    This composite outcome will include the diagnosis of any of the following: preterm preeclampsia, term preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia with severe features, preeclampsia without severe features, biochemical pregnancy loss, clinical pregnancy loss

    Time frame: From enrollment to end of pregnancy, up to 38 weeks

  2. Preterm preeclampsia

    Diagnosis of preterm preeclampsia, occurring prior to 37 weeks in pregnancy

    Time frame: From enrollment up to 37 weeks of pregnancy, up to 37 weeks of pregnancy

  3. Term preeclampsia

    Diagnosis of term preeclampsia, occurring at 37 weeks or later in pregnancy

    Time frame: From 37 weeks until delivery, up to 3 weeks

  4. Gestational Hypertension

    Defined as two BPs ≥ 140/90 mmHg at least 4 hours apart without proteinuria

    Time frame: From 20 weeks of pregnancy to delivery, approximately 20 weeks

  5. Preeclampsia with severe features

    Diagnosis of preeclampsia with severe hypertension and/or specific signs or symptoms of significant end-organ dysfunction

    Time frame: From 20 weeks of pregnancy to delivery, up to 20 weeks

  6. Preeclampsia without severe features

    defined as two BPs ≥160/110 mmHg at least 4 hours apart or any of the following lab abnormalities or symptoms: platelets \<100,000/microliter, liver enzymes at least twice the normal concentration, and/or severe right upper quadrant/epigastric pain, serum creatinine \> 1.1 mg/dL or a doubling of baseline serum creatinine, pulmonary edema, or new-onset cerebral or visual disturbances (headache, blurry vision). Preeclampsia super-imposed on chronic hypertension will also be considered as part of this outcome.

    Time frame: From 20 weeks of pregnancy to delivery, up to 20 weeks

  7. Biochemical pregnancy loss

    Defined as losses that occur prior to identification of a gestational sac via ultrasound

    Time frame: From enrollment to time of pregnancy loss, up to approximately 20 weeks

  8. Clinical pregnancy loss

    Defined as any pregnancy loss occurring following ultrasound confirmation of pregnancy

    Time frame: From time of first ultrasound to 20 weeks pregnancy

  9. Preterm birth

    Defined as delivery at less than 37 weeks gestation

    Time frame: From enrollment to 36 weeks 6 days of pregnancy, up to delivery

  10. Small for gestational age

    Defined as a birth weight less than 10th percentile for gestational age

    Time frame: At time of delivery

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Started Jun 2024 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Jun 2029, 60 months after the start.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
May 1, 2024
First posted
May 10, 2024
StartActual
Jun 12, 2024
Primary completionEst.
Jun 2029
CompletionEst.
Jun 2029
Last update
Sep 10, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 10, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06408181
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
May 10, 2024
Start date
Jun 12, 2024
Primary completion
Jun 2029 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 2029 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 10, 2026

Study contacts

Kurt T Barnhart, MD
Contact
kbarnhart@pennmedicine.upenn.edu
215-662-2974
Enrique Schisterman, PhD
Contact
enrique.schisterman@pennmedicine.upenn.edu
Enrique Schisterman, PhD
principal investigator · University of Pennsylvania
Kurt Barnhart, MD
principal investigator · University of Pennsylvania

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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