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RecruitingNCT06375265SLEEP-BOOSTUpdated Sep 14, 2026

Digital Sleep Optimization for Brain Health Outcomes in Older Surgical Patients

An interventional study of digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (dCBT-I) and Sleep Health Education in Insomnia, Postoperative Delirium and Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery, sponsored by Massachusetts General Hospital. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 65 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-14.

Sponsored by Massachusetts General Hospital · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
50
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
65 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The Sleep Optimization for Brain Health Outcomes in Older Surgical Patients (SLEEP-BOOST) is a pilot randomized, controlled, singled-blinded (participant) trial in major orthopedic joint surgery patients that will build on a previously clinically tested cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) mobile application paired with a wearable device (wrist actigraphy).

Read the detailed description

CBT-I is the frontline treatment for insomnia but is not considered for preoperative care of older surgical patients with insomnia who are at risk of perioperative neurocognitive disorders associated with sleep/circadian dysfunction. We propose to determine if digital CBT-I (dCBT-I) is feasible for treating older surgical patients with insomnia symptoms and to examine the effects of dCBT-I on sleep, cognitive trajectory, mood, pain, activity, and function after surgery. The Sleep Optimization for Brain Health Outcomes in Older Surgical Patients (SLEEP-BOOST) is a pilot randomized, controlled, singled-blinded (participant) trial in major orthopedic joint surgery patients that will build on a previously clinically tested CBT-I mobile application paired with a wearable device (wrist actigraphy).

02

Conditions studied

  • Insomnia
  • Postoperative Delirium
  • Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery
  • Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorder
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
65 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  1. Adults ≥ 65 years old
  2. Scheduled for an elective orthopedic total joint replacement procedure (knee/hip)
  3. At least mild insomnia (ISI score of ≥10 on telephone screening or RedCap screening questionnaire)

5. Own a smart phone 6. Willingness to use the dCBT-I app and actigraphy.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Current or previous CBT-I exposure in the last 6 months prior to the start of the study
  2. Rapidly progressive illnesses/life expectancy \<6 months
  3. Active psychosis/suicidal ideation
  4. Irregular shift work/sleep patterns
  5. Moderate-severe sleep apnea (apnea/hypopnea index ≥15) without CPAP compliance per chart review
  6. Sleep disorders other than insomnia or apnea
  7. Cognitive impairment (diagnosis of dementia)
  8. Initiation, discontinuation, or dose change of sleep-affecting prescription medications within 1 month prior to study start or during the intervention period; not excluded if stable sleep-affecting medications in the prior month (by clinical review)
  9. No surgery within 12 months of consented, eligibility will be reassessed if surgery is delayed by more than 3 months
04

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
50 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Digital CBT-I

    Preoperative digital CBT-I with the CBT-I Coach app for up to 4 weekly sessions and postoperative booster sessions at 2 weeks and 1 month after surgery.

    Behavioral: digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (dCBT-I)

  • Active comparator
    Sleep Health Education

    Preoperative sleep health education materials

    Behavioral: Sleep Health Education

Interventions

  • Behavioraldigital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (dCBT-I)

    Preoperative hybrid intervention (in-person or via phone/video) over 4 weeks, and at 2 weeks, and 1 month after surgery using content from the CBT-I Coach app from Veteran Affairs.

  • BehavioralSleep Health Education

    Sleep Health Education materials provided

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Adherence: CBT-I

    A Patient Adherence Form developed by the Veterans Affairs CBT-I Training Program will be used to assess adherence to the protocol. A mean adherence score across six domains showing good psychometric properties will be derived (0-24; higher represents more adherent)

    Time frame: After dCBT-I intervention during Review session ~1 day to 3 weeks before surgery.

  2. Adherence: Sleep Diary/Actigraphy

    The number of days of completed sleep diaries and actigraphy will be recorded.

    Time frame: Throughout the study 3-4 weeks before surgery, and 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months after surgery.

  3. Adherence: Homework Completion

    The amount of time spent on CBT-I homework will be recorded.

    Time frame: After dCBT-I intervention during Review session ~1 day to 3 weeks before surgery.

  4. Insomnia Severity

    The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire will be used to determine the quality of sleep for patients (0 to 28; higher represents more severe insomnia symptoms)

    Time frame: At screening, baseline, every session of the dCBT-I/control 3-week intervention period, 2 weeks, 1- and 3-months after surgery

Secondary outcomes

  1. Sleep Quality

    The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire will be used to assess subjective sleep quality in patients (range 0 to 21; higher scores indicate worse sleep quality).

    Time frame: At baseline, every session of the dCBT-I/control 3-week intervention period, 2 weeks, 1- and 3-months after surgery

  2. Utility

    A 16-item digital intervention utility questionnaire will be used to assess patient usage of the app (0-64; higher represents more perceived utility)

    Time frame: After dCBT-I intervention during Review session ~1 day to 1 week before surgery.

  3. Satisfaction with intervention

    A 9-item survey will be used to assess which elements of the app were most helpful and the likelihood the patient would recommend it to family/friends.

    Time frame: After dCBT-I intervention during Review session ~1 days to 1 week before surgery.

  4. Cognition

    Telephonic Montreal Cognitive Assessment (tMoCA) test to assess cognition

    Time frame: At baseline and 2 weeks, 1- and 3-months after surgery

  5. Pain severity and Function

    Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Pain will measure functional pain severity

    Time frame: At baseline, end of the dCBTI/control intervention pre-surgery and 2 weeks, 1- and 3-months after surgery

  6. Mood/Anxiety

    The Geriatric Depression Scale-15 will be used to assess the mood of the patients (0-15; higher represents more severe mood/depression symptoms). Generalize Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7; 0-21; higher represents more anxiety symptoms)

    Time frame: At baseline and 1- and 3-months after surgery

  7. Postoperative Delirium Incidence

    The Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM) will be used to monitor signs of delirium in patients.

    Time frame: From postoperative day 1 to postoperative day 3

  8. Postoperative Delirium Severity

    The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)-Severity assessment will be used to monitor signs of delirium severity in patients.

    Time frame: From postoperative day 1 to postoperative day 3

  9. Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery

    Using cognitive change from baseline (1 standard deviation from the mean).

    Time frame: At 1-months after surgery

  10. Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders (NCD)

    Using cognitive change from baseline (1 standard deviation from the mean).

    Time frame: At 3-months after surgery

Other outcomes

  1. Circadian Rest-Activity Rhythms

    Motor activity will be recorded on wrist actigraphy watches to derive amplitude, acrophase, interdaily stability, intradaily variability, most active 10h (M10), least active 5h (L5), relative amplitude (RA), fractal motor activity regulation (FMAR).

    Time frame: At baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 weeks, 1- and 3-months after surgery

  2. Ancillary Data Collection

    Collection of blood samples from participant

    Time frame: Before baseline session, on surgery day, and once on post-operative days 1-3

06

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
07

References and documents

Publications

  • Charles AE, Castillo Suarez AA, Chhajed M, Jimenez Gallardo M, Sanchez Valdes K, Li P, Hu K, Wong PM, Winkelman J, Gao L. Perioperative sleep optimisation and brain health in older adults (SLEEP-BOOST): protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2026 May 28;16(5):e116526. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-116526. PubMed 42209013 ↗
08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06375265
Lead sponsor
Massachusetts General Hospital
Collaborators
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Responsible party
Kun Hu (Professor of Anaesthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital) — Principal investigator
First posted
Apr 19, 2024
Start date
Jan 15, 2025
Primary completion
Sep 30, 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2026 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 14, 2026

Study contacts

Andrea Castillo, BS
Contact
acastillo17@mgh.harvard.edu
4695094163
Elesha McGrath, BS
Contact
mjimenezgallardo@mgh.harvard.edu
718-541-7957
Lei Gao, MD
study chair · Massachusetts General Hospital
Kun Hu, PhD
principal investigator · Massachusetts General Hospital

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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