An interventional study of MF-HIIT and MF-only in Healthy Volunteers, sponsored by Purdue University. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 10 Years to 12 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-06-29.
Sponsored by Purdue University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
The goal of this randomized cross-over trial is to learn about the effect of a single bout of 20-min mindfulness-based high-intensity interval training (MF-HIIT), MF-only, and HIIT-only in relative to sitting rest on executive function (EF) in 10-12 years old children. The main question it aims to answer are:
Question 1: Whether a single bout of 20-min MF-HIIT has larger beneficial effect on EF performance than that following a 20-min session of MF-only and HIIT-only in relative to the sitting rest
Question 2: Whether a single bout of 20-min MF-HIIT has a larger beneficial effect on brain functioning, as measured by the N2 and P3 components of event-related potential (ER) during EF performance than that following a 20-min session of MF-only and HIIT-only in relative to the sitting rest
Participants will visit the laboratory on 5 separate days (> 2-day washout between days) in which they have not previously participated in structured physical activities.
Participants will complete the testing and/or receive treatments below:
Day 1:
Days 2-5
Researcher will compare the cognitive outcome measures following the MF-HIIT, MF-only, and HIIT-only conditions with the sitting condition to see if MF and HIIT has beneficial effects on children's EF.
Further, researcher will compare the cognitive outcome measures following the MF-HIIT compared with MF-only and HIIT-only conditions to see if combining MF with HIIT has greater beneficial effects on children's EF than MF and HIIT alone.
Purdue University is the lead sponsor of 175 studies on the registry; 21 are open to participants now.
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Exclusion Criteria:
Behavioral: MF-HIIT
Behavioral: HIIT-only
Behavioral: MF-only
Behavioral: Sitting rest
A single bout of 20-min MF-HIIT protocol delivered through a motor-driven treadmill. The protocol will start with a 1.5-min warm-up, then a 16.5-min main exercise (6 x 90s exercise intervals separated by 5 x 90s mindful intervals), and finally a 2-min cool-down.
A single bout of 20-min intervention mindfulness intervention that includes 5 x 90s mindful intervals separated by sitting rest
A single bout of 20-min HIIT protocol delivered through a motor-driven treadmill. The protocol will start with a 1.5-min warm-up, then a 16.5-min main exercise (6 x 90s exercise intervals separated by 5 x 90s rest intervals), and finally a 2-min cool-down.
Participants will sit in a comfortable chair, placed on the treadmill, while watching a HIIT video without mindfulness instructions for 20 minutes.
Inhibition speed
Inhibition speed will be assessed by the response time (ms) during a child-friendly flanker task.
Time frame: At the baseline before and about 10-min after the 20-min intervention on Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, and Day 5.
Inhibition accuracy
Inhibition accuracy will be assessed by the response accuracy (%) during a child-friendly flanker task.
Time frame: At the baseline before and about 10-min after the 20-min intervention on Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, and Day 5.
Shifting speed
The shifting speed will be assessed by the response time (ms) during a child-friendly switching task.
Time frame: At the baseline before and about 10-min after the 20-min intervention on Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, and Day 5.
Shifting accuracy
The shifting accuracy will be assessed by the response accuracy (%) during a child-friendly switching task.
Time frame: At the baseline before and about 10-min after the 20-min intervention on Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, and Day 5.
N2-ERP
The N2 component of event-related brain potentials is a neuroelectric index of conflict processing. Increased amplitude of N2 reflects increased neural activation to detect and resolve conflicts.
Time frame: At the baseline before and about 10-min after the 20-min intervention on Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, and Day 5.
P3-ERP
The P3 component of event-related brain potentials is a neuroelectric index of attention. Increased amplitude of P3 reflects greater allocation of attentional resources and the decreased latency of P3 reflects the faster information processing speed.
Time frame: At the baseline before and about 10-min after the 20-min intervention on Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, and Day 5.
State Mindfulness Scale for Physical Activity (SMSPA)
A developmentally-appropriate and validated 12-item, 5-point Likert scaled (0-4), instrument to measure self-reported mindfulness state in children aged above 10 years old. This measure will serve as a manipulation check on mindfulness induction during each of the 4 intervention conditions.
Time frame: Immediately after completing the 20-min intervention on Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, and Day 5.
Rating of perceived exertion
The 10-point Children's OMNI rating of perceived exertion will be used as a manipulation check on the intensity of prescribed exercise for the school-based programs as well as the laboratory-based acute interventions.
Time frame: Measure at 0 second, 90 seconds, 180 seconds, 270 seconds, 360 seconds, 450 seconds, 540 seconds, 630 seconds, 720 seconds, 810 seconds, 900 seconds, 990 seconds, 1080 seconds and 1200 seconds of the 20-min intervention on Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, and Day 5.
Heart Rate
Heart rate will serve as a manipulation check on the intensity of prescribed exercise.
Time frame: Heart rate will be measured at every minute (minutes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ...., 18, 19, 20) during the 20-min intervention on Day 2, Day 3, Day 4, and Day 5.
Dispositional mindfulness
Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) provides a validated and reliable measure of dispositional mindfulness in children using 10 items and 5-point Likert scale (0-4), with a higher total score indicating the participant is more mindful. This measure will be used as the secondary outcome measure to to check the intervention manipulation.
Time frame: At baseline on Day 1 before receiving any intervention
Plan to share: No
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