An observational study in Migraine, sponsored by University of California, San Francisco. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 45 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-11.
Sponsored by University of California, San Francisco · Observational
The goal of this project is to evaluate galcanezumab transfer into maternal breastmilk, and to evaluate infant (growth, development, constipation, colic, infections) and maternal (headache) outcomes for dyads in which the mother was treated with galcanezumab and to compare outcomes for infants who were or were not breastfed after maternal treatment.
In this prospective observational study, the study team proposes to prospectively collect serial milk samples from 30 adult women who are treated with galcanezumab for migraine. Mothers who are interested in participating will be connected with us, the main clinical site, by neurologists across the USA. Mothers must carry a diagnosis of migraine, be aged 18-45 years, and be between 14 days and 9 months postpartum, and still nursing, at the time of enrollment.
This study will fill a significant unmet need as women of childbearing potential are over-represented in the migraine population, and yet they are excluded from clinical trials of migraine treatments during pregnancy and lactation.
Galcanezumab will be prescribed clinically by the treating clinician, i.e., no drug will be provided by the study. This treatment may be prescribed in several clinical scenarios:
Interested participants will be contacted by our UCSF coordinator, sign an informed consent form, and receive instructions for milk collection. A pamphlet on effective birth control will be provided to all enrollees (https://owh-wh-d9-dev.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/documents/fact-sheet-birth-control-methods.pdf), as well as OCT-available at-home pregnancy tests.
Mothers will complete questionnaires relating to their infants, at 6M and 12M postpartum (Ages and Stages, colic, etc.) and will sign a release form for us to obtain and review infant health records up to 12 months post-delivery to calculate: growth, infections, incidence of constipation or infant colic.
Milk collection:
Participants will pump and provide up to 8 samples (15mL volume each), at specific timepoints over up to 2 treatment cycles (before treatment 1; 24hours, 7d, 28d post treatment 1; 24hours, 7d, 28d post treatment 2 and 7d post treatment 3). Samples will be shipped in an insulated container with gel packs to maintain temperature via FedEx priority overnight shipping to our Laboratory at UCSF and stored in a -80 °C degrees freezer.
Sample assays:
Samples will be batch analyzed using enzyme immunoassay at (1) interim report after 15 sets received and (2) final report after all 30 sets received. The study team has worked with MarinBio who are experts in measuring biologics.
1,528 studies on the registry are indexed under Migraine Disorders; 299 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 30 is below the median of 130 across 299 observational studies indexed under Migraine Disorders.
Browse Migraine Disorders studies →University of California, San Francisco is the lead sponsor of 2,132 studies on the registry; 375 are open to participants now.
Of its 262 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 196 (75%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Mothers must carry a diagnosis of migraine, be aged 18-45 years, and be between 14 days and 9 months postpartum, and still nursing, at the time of enrollment.
Exclusion Criteria:
Postpartum women both nursing and receiving treatment for migraine with galcanezumab.
Drug: Galcanezumab
Receiving either 120mg or 300mg injections.
Also known as: Emgality
Determine emgality concentration in mature breastmilk
Levels of galcanezumab (μg/mL) in the breastmilk of women at the selected timepoints before and after each treatment (24H pre, 24H post, 7D post, 28D post). For the third treatment, only 7D post will be collected. This outcome will be measured by breastmilk concentration (μg/mL).
Time frame: 12 months
Determine average emgality concentration in mature breastmilk
Levels of galcanezumab (μg/mL) in the breastmilk of women at the selected timepoints before and after each treatment (24H pre, 24H post, 7D post, 28D post). For the third treatment, only 7D post will be collected. This outcome will be measured by average breastmilk concentration (CAVE, determined using pharmacokinetic methods).
Time frame: 12 months
Determine maximum emgality concentration in mature breastmilk
Levels of galcanezumab (μg/mL) in the breastmilk of women at the selected timepoints before and after each treatment (24H pre, 24H post, 7D post, 28D post). For the third treatment, only 7D post will be collected. This outcome will be measured by maximum concentration of galcanezumab in breastmilk (CMAX).
Time frame: 12 months
Determine average emgality dose to infants through mature breastmilk in a 24-hour period
Levels of galcanezumab (μg/mL) in the breastmilk of women at the selected timepoints before and after each treatment (24H pre, 24H post, 7D post, 28D post). For the third treatment, only 7D post will be collected. This outcome will be measured by absolute average galcanezumab dose to the infant in a 24-hour period.
Time frame: 12 months
Determine maximum emgality dose to infants through mature breastmilk in a 24-hour period
Levels of galcanezumab (μg/mL) in the breastmilk of women at the selected timepoints before and after each treatment (24H pre, 24H post, 7D post, 28D post). For the third treatment, only 7D post will be collected. This outcome will be measured by maximum galcanezumab dose to the infant in a 24-hour period.
Time frame: 12 months
Determine average relative infant dose of emgality in mature breastmilk
Levels of galcanezumab (μg/mL) in the breastmilk of women at the selected timepoints before and after each treatment (24H pre, 24H post, 7D post, 28D post). For the third treatment, only 7D post will be collected. This outcome will be measured by average relative infant dose (RIDAVE). The investigators hypothesize that given that galcanezumab is an IgG mAb, it will similarly show very low concentrations, and acceptable relative infant dose (RID) (\<1%).
Time frame: 12 months
Determine maximum relative infant dose of emgality in mature breastmilk
Levels of galcanezumab (μg/mL) in the breastmilk of women at the selected timepoints before and after each treatment (24H pre, 24H post, 7D post, 28D post). For the third treatment, only 7D post will be collected. This outcome will be measured by maximum relative infant dose (RIDMAX). The investigators hypothesize that given that galcanezumab is an IgG mAb, it will similarly show very low concentrations, and acceptable relative infant dose (RID) (\<1%).
Time frame: 12 months
Obtain information on newborn developmental milestones at 6 months of life
The Ages and Stages Questionnaire, third edition, (ASQ-3) will be completed by participating mothers at the following timepoints postpartum, to determine the developmental age of infants at 6 months. The questionnaire scores 5 areas of development: Communication, Gross Motor, Fine Motor, Problem Solving and Personal-Social. Cumulative scores range from 0 to 60. Higher scores indicate more positive outcomes. Each version of the ASQ-3 has different cutoff scores that indicate whether the child's development appears to be on schedule, requires monitoring or requires further assessment. (Above and Monitoring Ranges indicate on schedule infant development for age).
Time frame: 6 months
Obtain information on newborn developmental milestones at 12 months of life
The Ages and Stages Questionnaire, third edition, (ASQ-3) will be completed by participating mothers at the following timepoints postpartum, to determine the developmental age of infants at 12 months. The questionnaire scores 5 areas of development: Communication, Gross Motor, Fine Motor, Problem Solving and Personal-Social. Cumulative scores range from 0 to 60. Higher scores indicate more positive outcomes. Each version of the ASQ-3 has different cutoff scores that indicate whether the child's development appears to be on schedule, requires monitoring or requires further assessment. (Above and Monitoring Ranges indicate on schedule infant development for age).
Time frame: 12 months
Obtain information on newborn adjusted length until 12 months of life
Newborn adjusted length (in cm) will be collected by manual review of infant medical records at all visits occurring in the first 12 months of life.
Time frame: 12 months
Obtain information on newborn weight until 12 months of life
Newborn weight (in kg) will be collected by manual review of infant medical records at all visits occurring in the first 12 months of life.
Time frame: 12 months
Obtain information on newborn head circumference until 12 months of life
Newborn head circumference (in cm) will be collected by manual review of infant medical records at all visits occurring in the first 12 months of life.
Time frame: 12 months
Obtain information on the number of newborn infections until 12 months of life
The number of and nature of each newborn infections will be collected by manual review of infant medical records at all visits occurring in the first 12 months of life.
Time frame: 12 months
Obtain information on number of instances of newborn constipation including medications or interventions until 12 months of life
The number of instances of newborn constipation along with any relevant evidence will be collected by manual review of infant medical records at all visits occurring in the first 12 months of life.
Time frame: 12 months
Determine time to peak levels of galcanezumab in breastmilk
Levels of galcanezumab (μg/mL) in the breastmilk of women at the selected timepoints before and after each treatment (24H pre, 24H post, 7D post, 28D post). For the third treatment, only 7D post will be collected. The average peak level of galcanezumab concentration will be determined from this.
Time frame: 12 months
Determine headache severity surrounding the participants' galcanezumab treatments
The maternal migraine diary will be completed by participating mothers in the months surrounding their galcanezumab treatments. It tracks headache severity by asking participants to self-report their percieved headache severity on a scale of 0-10 daily.
Time frame: 12 months
Determine the number of days with headaches surrounding the participants' galcanezumab treatments
The maternal migraine diary will be completed by participating mothers in the months surrounding their galcanezumab treatments. It tracks headache dats by asking participants to self-report whether or not they experienced at least one migraine daily.
Time frame: 12 months
Determine what acute migraine medications were used by participants surrounding their galcanezumab treatments
The maternal migraine diary will be completed by participating mothers in the months surrounding their galcanezumab treatments. It tracks acute medication use by asking participants to self-report what acute medications they use to manage their migraines and when.
Time frame: 12 months
Plan to share: No
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University of California, San Francisco