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Not yet recruitingNCT05969652Updated Jun 27, 2024

Comparison of the Effectiveness Heavy Slow Resistance and Eccentric Training in Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy

An interventional study of Heavy slow resistance training and Eccentric exercise training in Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy, Subacromial Impingement Syndrome and Bicep Tendinitis, sponsored by Mustafa Kemal University. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in Turkey. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-06-27.

Sponsored by Mustafa Kemal University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Apr 2026, 6 months ago, but the record still lists the study as not yet recruiting.

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Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
20
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 69 studies in Shoulder Impingement Syndrome with a site in Turkey — 12 open to participants now, 14 under way, none of them phase 3. Shoulder Impingement Syndrome · Turkey.

Planned enrollment
54th of 55
20 · median 48
Started
2026
with 5 others
No phase
54 of 69
8 open now
Primary completion
2026-04
later than 6 of 13 live
Registered
34th of 69
by date

Among the 69 studies in Shoulder Impingement Syndrome with a site in Turkey, this one is the 54th largest by planned enrollment of the 55 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 6 that started in 2026, is one of 54 with no phase, reaches primary completion later than 6 of the 13 other live ones, and was the 34th registered.

Shoulder Impingement Syndrome

320 studies on the registry are indexed under Shoulder Impingement Syndrome; 62 are open to participants now.

Browse Shoulder Impingement Syndrome studies →

Open to participants now

12 of the 69 studies in Shoulder Impingement Syndrome with a site in Turkey are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

6 more — sign in →

All 12 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Turkey have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Turkey →

Who these studies take

Of the 32 Shoulder Impingement Syndrome studies recruiting now, 3 (9%) set no upper age limit and 25 (78%) stop at 75 or younger; 1 takes children under 18; 6 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 65 Years · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 69 studies in Shoulder Impingement Syndrome with a site in Turkey, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Rotator cuff tendinopathy, also called subbracromial impingement syndrome, is one of the most important causes of anterior shoulder pain. Although exercise training is known as an effective intervention method in the treatment of rotator cuff/subacromial impingement problems, there is no definite consensus on which type of exercise is more effective. The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the effects of the Heavy Slow Resistance (HSR) training and eccentric exercise training on pain, function, supraspinatus tendon structure, muscle strength, range of motion, subjective perception of improvement and treatment satisfaction in individuals with subacromial shoulder pain associated with rotator cuff tendinopathy.

Read the detailed description

Rotator cuff tendinopathy, also called subbracromial impingement syndrome, is one of the most important causes of anterior shoulder pain. The most frequently affected structure in rotator cuff tendinopathies is the supraspinatus tendon due to its position in the subacromial space. Histological examinations of rotator cuff tendinopathy revealed that the structural changes in supraspinatus tendon injuries are similar to those of the patella and Achilles tendon injuries.

In the treatment of Achilles and patellar tendinopathy, it has been shown that eccentric exercise training has positive effects on pain and function, and supports the improvement in the structural and mechanical properties of the tendon. This success of eccentric training in managing lower extremity tendinopathies has encouraged researchers to conduct more scientific studies to develop evidence-based eccentric training guidelines for the conservative treatment of tendinopathies in the shoulder region. Studies showing that eccentric exercise training has positive effects on pain and function in rotator cuff pathologies have begun to take their place in the literature. In some studies, it has been stated that eccentric exercises are a safe and tolerable approach even in patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy who are candidates for arthroscopic subacromial decompression surgery and reduce the number of patients who are candidates for surgery. Again, in a systematic review-meta-analysis study involving individuals with rotator cuff tendinopathy, it was once again summarized that eccentric training has positive effects on pain and function, but it was stated that more studies are needed on this subject.

The HSR training is the repetitive gradual and slow contraction of the muscle against the heaviest possible load that the person can tolerate. In this training, the focus is more on the concentric and eccentric phases of the movement, and these phases are requested to be completed slowly in 3 seconds. As a result, the concentric/eccentric phase of an exercise repetition is performed with maximum weight in 6 seconds in total. There is scientific evidence in the current literature that slow resistance training has positive effects on symptoms and tendon structure in patella and Achilles tendinopathy. Beyer et al. compared eccentric exercise training and HSR training in Achilles tendinopathy and reported that both trainings had equally positive effects. However, scientific studies investigating the effects of slow resistance training in rotator cuff pathologies are mostly new and few in number. In a recent single-blind randomized controlled feasibility study conducted on 22 individuals with rotator cuff-related subacromial shoulder pain, the effects of slow resistance training in addition to traditional physical therapy program and traditional physical therapy program were compared. Schydlowsky et al. In their study comparing the effects of a supervised and home-based physiotherapy program in subacromial impingement syndrome, they did not directly examine the effects of slow resistance training, but used the slow resistance training procedure for the rotator cuff muscles.

Although exercise training is known as an effective intervention method in the treatment of rotator cuff/subacromial impingement problems, there is no definite consensus on which type of exercise is more effective. However, when previous literature studies from 2022 were examined, a single pilot study was found that examined the effect of specific slow resistance training on symptoms in rotator cuff tendinopathy; No studies could be found comparing specific slow slow resistance training with other exercise interventions. The aim of this thesis, which the investigators planned in the light of this information, is to analyze and compare the effects of heavy slow resistance training and eccentric exercise training on pain, function, supraspinatus tendon structure, muscle strength, range of motion, subjective perception of improvement and treatment satisfaction in individuals with subacromial shoulder pain associated with rotator cuff tendinopathy.

03

Conditions studied

  • Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy
  • Subacromial Impingement Syndrome
  • Bicep Tendinitis

Keywords

  • Exercise therapy
  • Rehabilitation
  • Resistance training
  • Shoulder pain
  • Subacromial impingement syndrome
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Describing subacromial pain
  • Rotator cuff tendinopathy (subacromial impingement syndrome, biceps tendinitis and rotator cuff I. and II. stage diagnosis)
  • Continuation of diagnostic symptoms for at least 30 days

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Prior shoulder surgery
  • Sign of cervical radiculopathy
  • Shoulder instability or history of upper extremity fracture
  • Full-thickness rotator cuff tear
  • Adhesive capsulitis
  • Humeroscapular periarthritis (osteoarthritis, inflammatory arthropathies, etc.)
  • Neoplasm/malignant status
  • Other independent from shoulder problem being on regular analgesic therapy for ongoing painful conditions
  • Subacromial in the last 2 months having received an injection or participating in a shoulder rehabilitation program
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
20 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Heavy slow resistance group (HSR group)

    The investigators are planning a 6-week rehabilitation program, 2 days a week. The same physiotherapy and home exercise program will be applied to both groups. The physiotherapy and home exercise program will include patient education, stretching, range of motion and posture exercises. Resistance training will consist of different exercise principles but the same types of exercises. Resistance training: Dumball will be used as exercise equipment. Exercise intensity determined using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Individual loading will be made according to the amount of weight. The maximum amount of pain producing pain less than 4 on the Numerical Pain Assessment Scale will be determined as exercise intensity. It will include 3 different exercises: 1) Full can. 2) External rotation in side lying. 3) Internal rotation in side lying.

    Other: Heavy slow resistance training

  • Active comparator
    Eccentric exercise training group (EE group)

    The investigators are planning a 6-week rehabilitation program, 2 days a week. The same physiotherapy and home exercise program will be applied to both groups. The physiotherapy and home exercise program will include patient education, stretching, range of motion and posture exercises. Resistance training will consist of different exercise principles but the same types of exercises. Resistance training: Dumball will be used as exercise equipment. Exercise intensity determined using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Individual loading will be made according to the amount of weight. The maximum amount of pain producing pain less than 4 on the Numerical Pain Assessment Scale will be determined as exercise intensity. It will include 3 different exercises: 1) Full can. 2) External rotation in side lying. 3) Internal rotation in side lying.

    Other: Eccentric exercise training

Interventions

  • OtherHeavy slow resistance training

    Patients will perform the exercises in the concentric and eccentric phases with the maximum amount of weight tolerated at a rate of 3 seconds/repetition. The number of sets\*repetitions is given below. 2-3 minutes rest between sets will be given. 1st week 3\*15 2-3.week 3\*12 4th-5th week 3\*10 6th week 3\*8

  • OtherEccentric exercise training

    Among the patients in the eccentric exercise group, only the eccentric phase of the exercises in the HSR group, will be asked to actively engage with the affected party. The eccentric contraction rate will be set to 6 seconds. Each exercise will be done 3 sets of 15 repetitions. In the next week, progress will be made in exercise intensity according to tolerance and 500 g will be added to the previous weight. will be continued. If patients cannot tolerate the new weight or there is an increase in pain, the same weight will be continued for another week.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. The supraspinatus tendon thickness and elasticity

    Affected party the supraspinatus tendon thickness and elasticity value will be evaluated by shear-wave elastography by a specialist radiologist.

    Time frame: 6 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Isometric muscle strength

    Isometric muscle strength of the external and internal rotators of the shoulder and the supraspinatus muscle will be evaluated by manual muscle testing. For manual muscle testing a digital hand-held dynamometer will be used.

    Time frame: 6 weeks

  2. Shoulder range of motion

    A digital inclinometer will be used to evaluate the range of motion of the shoulder joint. Reviews shoulder flexion, abduction, internal and external rotation movements will be done. Active movement without pain (painless NEH) will be measured. All measurements will be repeated three times and averaged and recorded in degrees.

    Time frame: 6 weeks

  3. The level of pain and disability associated with the shoulder

    The Shoulder Pain And Disability Index (SPADI), to assess the level of shoulder-related pain and disability will be used.

    Time frame: 6 weeks

  4. Shoulder pain severity

    The Numerical Pain Rating Scale will be used to assess the severity of shoulder pain.

    Time frame: 6 weeks

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Gazi University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
    Ankara, Çankaya 06540, Turkey
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Beyer R, Kongsgaard M, Hougs Kjaer B, Ohlenschlaeger T, Kjaer M, Magnusson SP. Heavy Slow Resistance Versus Eccentric Training as Treatment for Achilles Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Sports Med. 2015 Jul;43(7):1704-11. doi: 10.1177/0363546515584760. Epub 2015 May 27. PubMed 26018970 ↗
  • Bateman M, Adams N. A randomised controlled feasibility study investigating the use of eccentric and concentric strengthening exercises in the treatment of rotator cuff tendinopathy. SAGE Open Med. 2014 Jan 28;2:2050312113520151. doi: 10.1177/2050312113520151. eCollection 2014. PubMed 26770702 ↗
  • Macias-Hernandez SI, Garcia-Morales JR, Hernandez-Diaz C, Tapia-Ferrusco I, Velez-Gutierrez OB, Nava-Bringas TI. Tolerance and effectiveness of eccentric vs. concentric muscle strengthening in rotator cuff partial tears and moderate to severe shoulder pain. A randomized pilot study. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2020 Aug 3;14:106-112. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2020.07.031. eCollection 2021 Mar. PubMed 33680816 ↗
  • Schydlowsky P, Szkudlarek M, Madsen OR. Comprehensive supervised heavy training program versus home training regimen in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome: a randomized trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022 Jan 15;23(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s12891-021-04969-0. PubMed 35033043 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Start is estimated for Jan 2026; primary completion for Apr 2026, 2 months later.

Of 170 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Shoulder Impingement Syndrome, half reached primary completion within 11 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 5 and three quarters within 24. This study's planned 2 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 172 studies reached it within 12 months; a quarter within 5 and three quarters within 24.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jul 23, 2023
First posted
Aug 1, 2023
StartEst.
Jan 31, 2026
Primary completionEst.
Apr 30, 2026
CompletionEst.
Dec 31, 2026
Last update
Jun 27, 2024
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 27, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05969652
Lead sponsor
Mustafa Kemal University
Collaborators
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
Responsible party
Dilek Hande Esen (MSc, PT, Principal Investigator, Mustafa Kemal University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Aug 1, 2023
Start date
Jan 31, 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
Apr 30, 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2026 (estimated)
Last update
Jun 27, 2024

Study contacts

Dilek Ha Esen, PhD. c
Contact
dilekhandeesen@gmail.com
+90533 815 23 71
Nihan Kafa, Prof.
Contact
fztnihankafa@gmail.com
Dilek Ha Esen, PhD. c
principal investigator · Gazi University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Jun 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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