An observational study in Severe Bipolar I Disorder (Diagnosis), Bipolar I Disorder, Most Recent Episode Mixed, in Remission and Depression Psychotic Feature, sponsored by Centre Hospitalier Esquirol. Completed at 1 site in France. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-07-28.
Sponsored by Centre Hospitalier Esquirol · Observational
Background: Severe psychiatric diseases (schizophrenia, bipolarity, depression, anxious syndrome) are often associated with a metabolic syndrome, including Non-Alcoholic Steato Hepatitis, probably misdiagnosed in patients with psychiatric illness. Furthermore, long-term exposition to substances like alcohol or to one or more psychotropic treatments may involve liver detoxification role. Thanks to liver stiffness, based on FibroScan®, and CAP (controlled attenuation parameter), we wanted to study prevalence of severe fibrosis and steatosis in this population.
Material \& Methods: Prospective study of 385 subjects hospitalised in a psychiatric hospital for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression or anxiety-depression disorder and receiving psychotropic treatment for at least 2 years, for whom a FibroScan®, a blood test and a record of clinical data were carried out, after information and informed consent.
Benefits expected : This study should show an expected excess risk of fibrosis. FibroScan® in this population and determine the risk factors more associated risk factors. Generalized or targeted screening for identified risk factors in this population could help optimize in this population could help optimize the choice and dosage of psychotropic of psychotropic drugs, and above all, help to guide the strategy of hepatic and prevention strategy.
Patients with psychiatric illness are often exposed to an increase risk of mortality compared to the general population: a reduction of life expectancy between 7 and 24 years has been described . Somatic illnesses explain 60% of this excess of mortality, particularly cardiovascular diseases . Notably, patients with chronic psychiatric disorders, such as depression, bipolar disorders or schizophrenia are more frequently exposed to metabolic syndrome. A recent meta-analysis showed that patients with severe mental illness had a RR of 1.58 (1.35-1.86) of developing metabolic syndrome.
Steatosis, or fat excess in hepatocytes defines NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease). NAFLD is a spectrum of liver illnesses associated with metabolic syndrome. Within NAFLD, NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) occurs in about 5 % of the cases, liver inflammation and/or fibrosis being associated to steatosis: Survival is then impaired, notably with a specific risk of cirrhosis in 20% of the patients with NASH and 3 % of patients with NAFLD . Hepatocarcinoma is a complication of cirrhosis but it may be observed in the absence of cirrhosis in nearly 30% of the cases. Its prevalence is progressively increasing, from 20 to 27%. It will probably be the leading cause of liver transplantation in the next years Otherwise, patients with NAFLD are also exposed to non-liver related complications: cardiovascular risk is higher in this population and is the main risk of mortality.
Although NAFLD is a frequent disease, it is yet generally misdiagnosed today, essentially because of the lack of symptoms and of systematic screening. Furthermore, it is key to diagnose the evolutionary stage: pure NAFLD, NASH and stage of fibrosis. The liver biopsy remains the gold standard, despite its limitations linked to the sample variability and the differences in interpretation even between expert pathologists.
However, specific risks associated with this procedure, such as bleeding and even a marginal risk of death have been described. Furthermore, liver biopsy is costly. All these arguments explain the difficulty to apply this invasive strategy in screening in the general population. That's why different methods, based on non-invasive tests, were developed to diagnose fibrosis - the main prognostic factor - and more recently in a more preliminary way to assess steatosis and inflammation. Two main methods are used to evaluate fibrosis stage: serum biomarkers and liver stiffness. Serum biomarkers are non-parametric (for example NAFLD fibrosis score, Fib4, Forns score and more recently, eLIFT.) or parametric (for example FibroTest, FibroMeter.). Liver stiffness is mainly assessed by FibroScan: it is easily available, and reproducible. It was largely validated in different liver diseases, including NAFLD. Steatosis is simultaneously evaluated, thanks to CAP (controlled attenuation parameter.). Strategies based on the associations of different markers have been evaluated to increase sensibility and specificity of each method taken alone to assess fibrosis. Specific combinations of elastometry and biomarkers have emerged, such as FibroMeterVCTE, and FAST.
In the psychiatric field, NAFLD screening may be important to help to identify patients at liver risk and also at a potential metabolic risk especially since a specific management is available.
Even if the association between NAFLD and psychiatric disorders has been described, its exact prevalence and impact are not well identified.
This is why we aimed to explore the prevalence of liver fibrosis and steatosis in patients with chronic psychiatric illnesses. We led a prospective descriptive single-center study in the Esquirol psychiatric hospital in Limoges.
Centre Hospitalier Esquirol is the lead sponsor of 25 studies on the registry; 7 are open to participants now.
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Subjects hospitalised in a psychiatric hospital for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression or anxiety-depression disorder and receiving psychotropic treatment for at least 2 years,
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
and/or antidepressant) for at least two years, and hospitalized in units treating these disorders in the investigating centers.
Exclusion Criteria:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
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Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
HIV
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Performing FibroScan : The patient is positioned supine, with the right arm in maximum abduction to clear the intercostal spaces.The measurement itself is performed on the right lobe of the liver via the intercostal (intersection of the mid-axillary line and the xiphoid process) using a dedicated probe (3.5 MHz) after application of a conduction gel to the skin. FibroScan® examinations are carried out by personnel trained in the use of the device.This training is specific and validated by the device's manufacturer manufacturer, EchosensTM (Paris). Ten valid measurements at the same measurement point in the right liver must be be performed, with an interquartile range/median ratio ≤ 30 (required only if the elastometry value is \> 7.1 KPa.
Also known as: Blood sample
Severe fibrosis assessed by FibroScan® in the population of subjects with a severe psychiatric disorder who have been on psychotropic medication for more than than two years
The cut-off selected for FibroScan® ≥ 8.7 kPa is that published for the diagnosis of severe fibrosis. It is considered clinically relevant associated with a poorer prognosis.
Time frame: one day
Ran from Oct 2017 to primary completion in Feb 2018, 3 months.
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Centre Hospitalier Esquirol