ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT05923944Updated Sep 18, 2026

Video Game Play to Alleviate Adolescent Anxiety

An interventional study of Eco-Rescue and Bejelewed 3 in Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders and Symptoms, sponsored by School of Health Sciences Geneva. Recruiting at 3 sites in 3 countries. Open to participants aged 11 Years to 15 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-18.

Sponsored by School of Health Sciences Geneva · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Jun 2024; still recruiting 2 years 5 months later.

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Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
150
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
11 Years to 15 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 2,269 studies in Anxiety Disorders with a site in United States — 398 open to participants now, 503 under way, 13 of them phase 3. Anxiety Disorders · United States.

Planned enrollment
521st of 2,045
150 · median 68
Started
2024
with 162 others
No phase
1,609 of 2,269
295 open now
Primary completion
2027-10
later than 351 of 500 live
Registered
1,731st of 2,269
by date

Among the 2,269 studies in Anxiety Disorders with a site in United States, this one is the 521st largest by planned enrollment of the 2,045 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 163 that started in 2024, is one of 1,609 with no phase, reaches primary completion later than 351 of the 500 other live ones, and was the 1,731st registered.

Anxiety Disorders

7,207 studies on the registry are indexed under Anxiety Disorders; 1,682 are open to participants now.

Browse Anxiety Disorders studies →

Open to participants now

398 of the 2,269 studies in Anxiety Disorders with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

393 more — sign in →

All 398 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 944 Anxiety Disorders studies recruiting now, 417 (44%) set no upper age limit and 460 (49%) stop at 75 or younger; 233 take children under 18; 317 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 11 Years to 15 Years · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.

The full table on the hub →

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 2,269 studies in Anxiety Disorders with a site in United States, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Adolescence is a critical period for the onset and maintenance of anxiety disorders, which raises the importance of intervening early; one possibility of doing so is via digital interventions. At least two lines of research have been explored in the past years in this area. First, studies have tested the anxiolytic effects of casual video games, hypothesizing that, through the induction of flow, these games can effectively distract individuals from anxiety-related thoughts and feelings. Second, the bidirectional link between poor attentional control and higher anxiety has led to the design of novel interventions aiming to improve attentional control such as working memory training studies. Importantly, action video games, classified as a distinct gaming genre, have been shown to enhance attentional control. In this study, we aim to compare the effects of action video game play and casual game play to a no-training group, assessing their potential to alleviate anxiety when delivered entirely online. The goal of this three- arms randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the feasibility of a 6-week video game training intervention to reduce adolescent anxiety-related symptoms. We will also examine the efficacy of the proposed treatment when entirely deployed at adolescents' home.

03

Conditions studied

  • Anxiety
  • Anxiety Disorders and Symptoms

Keywords

  • Digital mental health
  • Video Games
  • Cognitive Training
  • Emotion Regulation
  • anxiety
  • Attention distraction
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
11 Years to 15 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Adolescents aged 11-15 years
  2. Elevated anxiety symptoms, defined as a total score of ≥15 on the 41-item parent-report version of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED).
  3. Access to a computer (at least Windows 7 or Mac OSX) at home and a reliable internet connection

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. DSM diagnoses of Bipolar, Psychosis, Autism Spectrum Disorder, present or past.
  2. Neurological injury (i.e. head injury)
  3. Currently enrolled in another cognitive training intervention
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
150 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Eco-Rescue - Attentional Control - intervention

    The Eco-Rescue training intervention will be delivered through a dedicated video game installed on each participant's personal computer through the Steam platform, following a recommended training regimen of 30 minutes per day, 4 days per week for 6 weeks, for an expected total training duration of 12 hours.

    Behavioral: Eco-Rescue

  • Experimental
    Bejeweled 3 - Casual gaming - intervention

    The Bejeweled 3 training intervention will be delivered through a dedicated video game installed on each participant's personal computer through the Steam platform, following a recommended training regimen of 30 minutes per day, 4 days per week for 6 weeks, for an expected total training duration of 12 hours.

    Behavioral: Bejelewed 3

  • No intervention
    No-training intervention

    The No-training intervention group does not involve any specific training program. Instead, participants assigned to this group will receive weekly phone calls, similar to the other groups, to answer the same questions as the other groups concerning their mental and emotional states and maintain regular contact throughout the 6-week study duration.

Interventions

  • BehavioralEco-Rescue

    Ecorescue is a gamified adaptation of the multiple object tracking task (MOT) combined with a detection task. It requires to track the spatial position of specific moving targets among visually similar moving distractors, while at the same time detecting briefly flashed events. It was designed to load on attentional control and visuo-spatial working memory. Additionally, targets may express various facial emotions (happy, angry or neutral) requiring some emotional control in addition to attentional control.

  • BehavioralBejelewed 3

    Bejeweled 3 is a commercially available puzzle video game developed and edited by PopCap Games. The main objective is to swap two adjacent gems of seven colors to create a line or row of 3 or more gems of the same type. When these gems are aligned, they disappear, and points are earned. The goal is to get as many points as possible until it is impossible to line up gems. Bejeweled 3 offers a variety of game modes that players can freely explore at their own pace, enhancing the overall enjoyment and providing increased variability during each gaming session. These game modes typically have shorter durations, with a single game usually lasting less than 5 minutes. Bejeweled 3 was chosen as it requires fewer attentional resources compared to Eco-Rescue and because it was reported to reduce stress and anxiety in adult samples (Russoniello et al. 2009, 2013).

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Anxiety assessed through the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders Child Version (SCARED-C; Birmaher et al. 1999)

    The SCARED-C is a 41 items self-report anxiety questionnaire with subscales measuring General Anxiety Disorder, Social Phobia Disorder, Panic Disorder, Separation Anxiety Disorder and School Avoidance. Participants are asked to rate each statement, referring to the past four weeks, on a scale ranging from 0 (Not True or Hardly Ever True) to 2 (Very True or Often True). A score of 25 or higher may indicate the presence of an Anxiety Disorder. Analysis of primary outcome will be based on this total score.

    Time frame: Change from baseline (T1) at 1 week after training completion (T2), and at 4 months after training completion (T3)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Attentional Control assessed through the Useful Field of View Task (UFOV; Yung et al., 2015)

    The UFOV is a computerized divided attention task where participants have to identify whether a briefly flashed smiley presented at the center of the screen has short or long hair and detect on which of the eight cardinal directions was a peripheral target stimulus presented, while ignoring other distractors. The presentation time is made shorter (more difficult) or longer (less difficult) according to a 3-down-1-up staircase. The task stops after 8 reversals or 72 trials, whichever happens first. Performance is measured by the mean presentation time of the last 5 trials (expressed in milliseconds). The task measures the efficiency of divided visual attention in the presence of visual distractors.

    Time frame: Change from baseline (T1) at 1 week after training completion (T2), and at 4 months after training completion (T3)

  2. Attentional Control assessed through an adaptation of the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) as implemented in the ACE-X battery (Mars-UFO and Venus-UFO; https://neuroscape.ucsf.edu/researchers-ace/)

    The TOVA is a computerized task where participants press a response key when presented with a visual stimulus in the upper part of the screen (go trials) and refrain from responding if flashed in the lower part of the screen (no-go trials). A first block evaluates sustained attention and a second impulsivity. In the sustained attention, go trials represent 25% of the trials; in the impulsivity block, go trials represent 75% of the trials.

    Time frame: Change from baseline (T1) at 1 week after training completion (T2), and at 4 months after training completion (T3)

  3. Attentional Control assessed through the Multiple Objects Tracking Task (MOT; Yung et al., 2015)

    The MOT is a computerized task in which participants are presented 16 yellow smileys moving freely within a circular area. During the first two seconds of each trial, a subset of these items is flagged as targets by being blue. Participants are instructed to track these blue smileys even though they turn back to yellow and become indistinguishable from the other items. After a few seconds, the items stop moving, one item is highlighted, and participants respond whether this item was initially flagged blue or not. MOT performance is measured as the percentage of correct responses (i.e. accuracy) in trials with 3, 4, 5 and 6 targets independently and combined overall. Higher accuracy score indicates better task performance. This task requires not only selecting targets amongst distractors but also dividing one's attention among these moving targets. Furthermore, it requires sustaining attention for a few seconds, necessitating both sustained attention and visuo-spatial working memory.

    Time frame: Change from baseline (T1) at 1 week after training completion (T2), and at 4 months after training completion (T3)

  4. Affective Control assessed through the Affective Backward Digit Span Task (ABDS; modified version of Schweizer et al. 2019)

    The ABDS is a computer-based task where participants are presented with digits (for 1500 ms) one after the other, and asked to recall them in reverse order. These are presented on a background of either neutral or affective images, in two different blocks, to manipulate valence. The images are sourced from the Geneva Affective Picture Database. In each trial, participants are presented with a series of single digits \[0-9\]. The length of the series to recall is increased or decreased by one digit depending on previous trial performance according to a 1-up-1-down staircase. No feedback is provided. After two reversals the block stops. Span is estimated for each block as the maximum correct length recalled. The span difference between the neutral versus affective blocks is an index of the individual ability to implement control in the face of affective distraction

    Time frame: Change from baseline (T1) at 1 week after training completion (T2), and at 4 months after training completion (T3)

Other outcomes

  1. Emotion Regulation habits assessed through the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ; Garnefski et al., 2001)

    The CERQ is a 36-item self-report measure that captures stable-dispositional cognitive emotion regulation strategies when people experience stressful or threatening life experiences. Specifically, the following strategies are measured: Self-blame, blaming others, acceptance, refocusing on planning, positive refocusing, rumination, positive reappraisal, putting into perspective, and catastrophizing. Each subscale comprises 4 items and uses a 5-point scale (1 = almost never, 5 = almost always); the range of scores for each subscale is 4-20. Analysis of change will be based on the total score. A higher score represents greater use of cognitive coping strategies.

    Time frame: Change from baseline (T1) at 1 week after training completion (T2), and at 4 months after training completion (T3)]

  2. Subjective Attentional Control assessed through the Attention Control Scale (ACS; Derryberry et al., 2002).

    The ACS is a 20-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure the construct of attention focusing and attention shifting. 20 items are rated on a 4-point Likert Scale from 1 (almost never) to 4 (always). Respondents rate items according to their experience in the past 4 weeks. Analysis of change will be based on the total score and on scores of each subscale. A lower score indicates higher attentional control abilities.

    Time frame: Change from baseline (T1) at 1 week after training completion (T2), and at 4 months after training completion (T3)

  3. Depressive symptoms assessed though the modified 8-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8; Kroenke et al., 2009)

    The PHQ-8 is designed to assess symptoms of depression. Participants are asked to indicate the frequency of experiencing eight specific problems or symptoms over the course of the past four weeks. (e.g., "feeling down, depressed, or hopeless," "feeling tired or having little energy,"). Each item is rated 0 (not at all), 1 (several days), 2 (more than half the days), or 3 (nearly every day). Analysis of change will be based on the total score. A higher score indicates higher depressive symptoms.

    Time frame: Change from baseline (T1) at 1 week after training completion (T2), and at 4 months after training completion (T3)

  4. Sleep and Mood assessed through stand-alone questions for the duration of the training once a week.

    Sleep: "During the past week, how would you rate your sleep quality overall. This question is rated from 1 (very poor) to 5 (very good). Positive mood: "How much have you experienced positive mood in the past week?" This question is rated from 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely). Negative mood: "How much have you experienced negative mood in the past week?" This question is rated from 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely).

    Time frame: Over the intervention period (4 weeks up to 8 weeks)

  5. Worry assessed with the following statement for the duration of the training once a week.

    "During the past week I worried a lot." This item is rated 0 (not true), 1 (somewhat true), or 2 (true), and was taken from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (item 8 from the emotional problems scale, Goodman et al. 1998).

    Time frame: Over the intervention period (4 weeks up to 8 weeks)

07

Study locations

3 of 3 sites recruiting
  • Center for Children and Families
    Miami, Florida 33199, United States
    Recruiting
    • Jeremy Pettit Pr, PhD · Contactjpettit@fiu.edu · 305-348-1671
    • Jeremy Pettit, PhD · Principal investigator
  • University of Haifa
    Haifa, Israel
    Recruiting
    • Tomer Shechner, Professor · Contacttshechner@psy.haifa.ac.il · +972 545 588 522
    • Tomer Shechner, Professor · Principal investigator
  • University of Geneva
    Geneva, Canton of Geneva 1202, Switzerland
    Recruiting
    • Naïma Gradi, PhD Student · Contactnaima.gradi@unige.ch
    • Swann Pichon, Professor · Contactswann.pichon@hesge.ch · +41 22 558 66 42
    • Swann Pichon, Professor · Principal investigator
    • Daphné Bavelier, Professor · Principal investigator
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Gradi N, Chopin A, Bavelier D, Shechner T, Pichon S. Evaluating the effect of action-like video game play and of casual video game play on anxiety in adolescents with elevated anxiety: protocol for a multi-center, parallel group, assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Jan 19;24(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-05515-7. PubMed 38243201 ↗
  • Behrens B, Swetlitz C, Pine DS, Pagliaccio D. The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED): Informant Discrepancy, Measurement Invariance, and Test-Retest Reliability. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2019 Jun;50(3):473-482. doi: 10.1007/s10578-018-0854-0. PubMed 30460424 ↗
  • Yung A, Cardoso-Leite P, Dale G, Bavelier D, Green CS. Methods to test visual attention online. J Vis Exp. 2015 Feb 19;(96):52470. doi: 10.3791/52470. PubMed 25741746 ↗
  • Schweizer S, Leung JT, Kievit R, Speekenbrink M, Trender W, Hampshire A, Blakemore SJ. Protocol for an app-based affective control training for adolescents: proof-of-principle double-blind randomized controlled trial. Wellcome Open Res. 2019 Oct 2;4:91. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15229.2. eCollection 2019. PubMed 31289755 ↗
  • Pylyshyn ZW, Storm RW. Tracking multiple independent targets: evidence for a parallel tracking mechanism. Spat Vis. 1988;3(3):179-97. doi: 10.1163/156856888x00122. PubMed 3153671 ↗
  • Russoniello CV, O'Brien K, Parks JM. EEG, HRV and Psychological Correlates while Playing Bejeweled II: A Randomized Controlled Study. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2009;144:189-92. PubMed 19592761 ↗
  • Russoniello CV, Fish M, O'Brien K. The Efficacy of Casual Videogame Play in Reducing Clinical Depression: A Randomized Controlled Study. Games Health J. 2013 Dec;2(6):341-6. doi: 10.1089/g4h.2013.0010. Epub 2013 Nov 8. PubMed 26197075 ↗
  • Derryberry D, Reed MA. Anxiety-related attentional biases and their regulation by attentional control. J Abnorm Psychol. 2002 May;111(2):225-36. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.111.2.225. PubMed 12003445 ↗
  • Kroenke K, Strine TW, Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Berry JT, Mokdad AH. The PHQ-8 as a measure of current depression in the general population. J Affect Disord. 2009 Apr;114(1-3):163-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2008.06.026. Epub 2008 Aug 27. PubMed 18752852 ↗
  • Garnefski, N., Kraaij, V., & Spinhoven, P. (2001). Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems. Personality and Individual differences, 30(8), 1311-1327.
  • Goodman R, Meltzer H, Bailey V. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: a pilot study on the validity of the self-report version. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998 Sep;7(3):125-30. doi: 10.1007/s007870050057. PubMed 9826298 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — Identifiable data will remain under the responsibility of each local study site and will not be shared between sites. Only de-identified individual participant data will be shared between participating study sites for the purposes of the planned analyses, in accordance with the approved ethical protocols, participant consent procedures, and applicable data-protection requirements.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Jun 2024 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Oct 2027, 40 months after the start.

Of 3,841 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Anxiety Disorders, half reached primary completion within 12 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 5 and three quarters within 28. This study's planned 40 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 3,943 studies reached it within 12 months; a quarter within 5 and three quarters within 28.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jun 6, 2023
First posted
Jun 28, 2023
StartActual
Jun 1, 2024
Primary completionEst.
Oct 2027
CompletionEst.
Oct 2027
Last update
Sep 18, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 18, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05923944
Lead sponsor
School of Health Sciences Geneva
Collaborators
University of Geneva, Switzerland, University of Haifa, Swiss National Science Foundation, Florida International University
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 28, 2023
Start date
Jun 1, 2024
Primary completion
Oct 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Oct 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 18, 2026

Study contacts

Naïma Gradi, PhD Student
Contact
naima.gradi@unige.ch
+33 6 31 85 49 96
Swann Pichon, Professor
Contact
swann.pichon@hesge.ch
+41 22 558 66 42
Daphné Bavelier, Professor
principal investigator · University of Geneva, Switzerland
Swann Pichon, Professor
principal investigator · HES - Geneva School of Health Science, Switzerland
Tomer Shechner, Professor
principal investigator · University of Haifa, Israel

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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