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RecruitingNCT05859490Updated Jul 31, 2025

Immunogenicity of Yellow Fever Vaccine 17D in Adults With Prior 17D Vaccination

A Phase 1/2 interventional study of 17D in Yellow Fever and Immunization; Infection, sponsored by Oregon Health and Science University. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 20 Years to 49 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-07-31.

Sponsored by Oregon Health and Science University · Phase 1/2, Interventional, and Prevention

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Nov 2025, 1 year ago, but the record still lists the study as recruiting.
  • Started Aug 2023; still recruiting 3 years 3 months later.
Phase
Phase 1/2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
35
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
20 Years to 49 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the immune response to the yellow fever vaccine 17D in adults with prior 17D vaccination. The main questions this study aims to answer are:

  • how does prior vaccination affect antibody responses to re-vaccination?
  • how does prior vaccination affect the immune cell response to re-vaccination?

Participants will:

  • have been previously vaccinated with 17D.
  • be re-vaccinated with 17D.
  • provide medical and travel histories.
  • provide a blood sample prior to vaccination
  • provide a blood sample approximately every other day for 14 days after vaccination.
  • provide a blood sample approximately 28 days after vaccination.
  • complete a daily diary of symptoms following vaccination for 14 days.
  • report any additional symptoms after 14 days.
Read the detailed description

In this study the investigators use 17D revaccination as a live-virus challenge to test the hypothesis that neutralizing antibody titers correlate with YFV protection. The investigators will prospectively characterize pre-boost antibodies titers, vaccine viremia, acute immune responses and post-boost titers in vaccinees receiving boost 17D vaccinations. The investigators expect to identify neutralizing antibody titers above which sterilizing immunity is conferred and titers below which it is not. These Aims will set a foundation for future studies to further dissect determinants of 17D and other live-attenuated vaccine induced immunity and establish metrics that could allow efficient prioritization of 17D vaccination and optimize 17D use in the face of current and future outbreaks.

02

Conditions studied

  • Yellow Fever
  • Immunization; Infection

Keywords

  • 17D
  • vaccination
  • immunity
03

In context

Yellow Fever

52 studies on the registry are indexed under Yellow Fever; 10 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 35 is below the median of 112 across 43 interventional studies indexed under Yellow Fever.

Browse Yellow Fever studies →

Lead sponsor

Oregon Health and Science University is the lead sponsor of 696 studies on the registry; 131 are open to participants now.

Of its 52 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 39 (75%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
20 Years to 49 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Aged ≥20 to \<50 years.
  2. Male or female.
  3. In good health at the time of screening as determined by medical history, physical examination, and clinical judgement of the investigator.
  4. Documented history of Yellow fever vaccination 8 or more years prior. Documentation must be on a primary (not copied) vaccination card or a fully completed electronic medical record entry including date of administration and lot number administered.
  5. Subjects who can comply with all trial procedures and are available for the duration of follow-up.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. A clinically active infection or self-reported body temperature ≥38°C (100.4°F) within 3 days of scheduled date of vaccination (consider whether the finding is an exclusion criterion or criterion for delay of vaccination see Section 8.3).
  2. A known or allergy to any of the trial vaccine components including eggs.
  3. Behavioral/cognitive impairment that, in the investigator's opinion, may interfere with the subject's ability to participate safely in the trial.
  4. Any history of neurologic disorder, seizure disorder or neuro-inflammatory disease.
  5. Any illness, or history of any illness that, in the investigator's opinion, could interfere with the trial or pose an additional risk to the subject during the trial period.
  6. Known or suspected impairment/alteration of immune function, including:

    1. Chronic use of oral within 60 days prior to enrollment. Inhaled steroids are allowed.
    2. Receipt of parenteral steroids within 60 days prior to screening visit.
    3. Receipt of immunoglobulins and/or any blood products within the 3 months prior to enrollment or planned receipt during the trial.
    4. Receipt of immunostimulants within 60 days prior to screening visit
    5. therapy such as anti-cancer chemotherapy or radiation therapy within 6 months of enrollment.
    6. Known (HIV) infection or HIV-related disease.
    7. virus infection.
    8. Genetic immunodeficiency.
  7. History of splenic or thymic dysfunction.
  8. Any serious chronic or progressive disease as assessed by the investigator (eg, neoplasm, hematologic , insulin dependent diabetes; cardiac, renal, or hepatic disease).
  9. (BMI) greater than or equal to 35 kg/m2.
  10. Concurrent participation in any clinical trial with another product 30 days prior to or during the conduct of this trial.
  11. Vaccination within 14 days (for inactivated vaccines) or 28 days (for ) prior to enrollment or plans to receive any vaccine within 28 days of trial vaccine administration (consider whether applicable as an exclusion criterion or criterion for delay of trial vaccine administration).
  12. Use of antipyretics and/or analgesic medications within 24 hours prior to vaccination. Trial entry should be delayed to allow for a full 24-hours to have passed since last use of antipyretics and/or analgesic medications (consider whether applicable as an exclusion criterion or criterion for delay of trial vaccine administration).
  13. Subjects with history of substance or alcohol abuse within the past 2 years.
  14. Subjects who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
  15. Subjects of who are sexually active with men and have not used "acceptable methods" for at least 2 months prior to enrollment.

    1. Of "childbearing potential" is defined as beyond onset of menarche and not: menopausal for 2 or more years, post bilateral tubal ligation at 1 year prior, post bilateral oophorectomy for at least 1 year or post hysterectomy.
    2. "Acceptable birth control methods" include:

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    1. Hormonal contraceptives (such as oral, injection, transdermal patch, implant, cervical ring).
    2. Barrier method (condom with spermicide or diaphragm with spermicide) every time during intercourse.
    3. Intrauterine device.
    4. Monogamous relationship with vasectomized partner (partner must have been vasectomized for at least 6 months prior to the subject's enrollment.
  16. Subjects of childbearing potential who are sexually active with men and refuse acceptable contraceptive method up to 28 days after the vaccination.
  17. Any positive or indeterminate pregnancy test.
  18. Planned vaccination (during the trial conduct) against any other vaccine preventable disease.
  19. Planned travel (during the trial) to any YFV endemic area.
  20. Screening serology consistent with prior history of dengue, zika, West Nile or Japanese encephalitis virus infection.

It may occur that a prospective subject meets all entry criteria except one that relates to short term clinical condition (e.g., fever, recent use of excluded medications). Under these circumstances, eligibility for delayed trial enrollment may be considered after inclusion/exclusion criteria have been rechecked, and if the subject is confirmed to be eligible.

Terms in these criteria, in plain language(11)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Hypersensitivity

An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

Immunosuppression

A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.

Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.

HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.

Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.

Hepatitis C tests

Hepatitis C is a virus that infects the liver. An HCV antibody test can stay positive after an infection has cleared (and is occasionally positive without one); an HCV RNA test shows whether the virus is there now.

After treatment, hepatitis C counts as cured when HCV RNA is still undetectable 12 weeks or more after the treatment ended. Studies often accept people cured this way.

Cancer (malignancy)

Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.

Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

Live vaccines

Vaccines made with a weakened form of the germ, such as measles–mumps–rubella (MMR), chickenpox and yellow fever. They can be risky when the immune system is weakened. Flu injections are not live; the nasal flu spray is.

Childbearing potential

Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).

Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 1 / Phase 2
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
35 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Vaccination arm

    Participants will receive a standard dose of of the yellow fever vaccine 17D (YFVax(r)), 0.5mL suspension in normal saline administered subcutaneously once.

    Biological: 17D

Interventions

  • Biological17D

    Vaccine administration in subjects previously vaccinated with 17D.

    Also known as: YFVax

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Neutralizing antibody titer boost following vaccination

    four-fold rise in neutralization antibody titer before and after vaccinatioin

    Time frame: 28 days

  2. vaccine viremia following vaccination

    detection of vaccine virus in subject blood

    Time frame: 14 days

Secondary outcomes

  1. CD4+ immune cell response to vaccination

    Frequency of CD4+ cell populations on day 0, 2, 8, 14, and 28 post vaccination

    Time frame: 28 days

Other outcomes

  1. CD8+ immune cell response to vaccination

    Frequency of CD8+ cell populations on day 0, 2, 8, 14, and 28 post vaccination

    Time frame: 28 days

  2. cytokine response to vaccination

    Cytokine levels measured on days 0, 1, 2, 8, 14, and 28 days post vaccination

    Time frame: 28 days

  3. vaccine virus titer

    quantity of vaccine virus in vaccine vial on vaccination day 0

    Time frame: 1 day

  4. Memory B cell response to vaccination

    YFV specific memory B cell frequency on days 1, 2, 8, 14 and 28 days post vaccination

    Time frame: 28 days

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Coded samples and/or data will be made available to other researchers.

Supporting information: Study protocol

Time frame: For up to 5 years after the completion of the study.

Access criteria: The PI will review all sample and data requests. A request will include a scope of work and justification for the work. All approved requests will be conducted under an M/DTA.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Started Aug 2023 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Nov 2025, 27 months after the start.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Apr 5, 2023
First posted
May 16, 2023
StartActual
Aug 1, 2023
Primary completionEst.
Nov 1, 2025
CompletionEst.
Dec 31, 2025
Last update
Jul 31, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jul 31, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05859490
Responsible party
William Messer (Associate Professor, Oregon Health and Science University) — Principal investigator
First posted
May 16, 2023
Start date
Aug 1, 2023
Primary completion
Nov 1, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Jul 31, 2025

Study contacts

William Messer, MD PhD
Contact
messer@ohsu.edu
503-494-2185
Sarah Siegel, PhD
Contact
siegels@ohsu.edu
541-60-0798
William Messer, MD PhD
principal investigator · Oregon Health and Science University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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