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CompletedNCT05850494Updated Feb 6, 2026Results posted

Study to Assess Bronchospasm Potentially Induced by Next-Generation Propellant vs HFA Propellant in an MDI in Participants With Well/Partially Controlled Asthma

A Phase 3 interventional study of HFA MDI and HFO MDI in Asthma, sponsored by AstraZeneca. Completed at 4 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 45 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-02-06.

Sponsored by AstraZeneca · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
52
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 45 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

A study to assess bronchospasm potentially induced by HFO MDI as compared with HFA MDI in participants with well controlled or partially controlled asthma

Read the detailed description

This is a phase 3b, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, single-dose crossover study comparing the safety and tolerability of HFO MDI with HFA MDI delivered in participants with well controlled or partially controlled asthma defined as an ACQ-5 score \< 1.5.Eligible participants are at least 18 years of age and no older than 45 years of age and are required to have asthma as defined by GINA guidelines (GINA 2022). Participants are required to be well controlled or partially controlled on their current treatment for asthma, including, low-dose ICS daily or low-dose ICS/formoterol as needed (not approved in the US), or SABA as needed, or low-dose ICS whenever SABA as needed is used. The primary objective is to assess the potential change in FEV1 induced by HFO MDI as compared with HFA MDI in participants with asthma.

This study will be conducted at approximately 5 sites in the US and will randomize approximately 52 adult participants to achieve 46 completers.

The study will be conducted for a maximal 37 days and will comprise:

  • A screening period approximately 14 (±2) days prior to first dosing
  • Two treatment periods of 1 day each, with a 3 to 12-day washout period between the 2 treatment periods
  • A final safety follow-up visit via telephone contact 3 to 7 days after the final dose administration in Treatment Period 2

Single dose study treatment will be administered via MDI device as 4 inhalations:

  • Treatment A: HFO propellant only MDI; 4 inhalations per dose - test formulation
  • Treatment B: HFA propellant only MDI; 4 inhalations per dose - reference formulation
02

Conditions studied

  • Asthma

Keywords

  • Asthma, Bronchospasm
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 45 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Age

    1. Male and female participant must be 18 to 45 years of age inclusive, at the time of signing the informed consent form (ICF).

      Type of Participant and Disease Characteristics

    2. Participants who have a documented history of physician-diagnosed asthma

      ≥ 12 months prior to Visit 1, according to GINA guidelines (GINA 2022).

    3. Participants who are well controlled or partially controlled on their current treatment for asthma, including, low-dose ICS daily or low-dose ICS/formoterol as needed (not approved in the US), or SABA as needed, or low-dose ICS whenever SABA as needed is used (low-dose ICS as defined by GINA 2022 in Table 4), for 4 weeks prior to screening.
    4. ACQ-5 total score \< 1.5 at Visit 1.
    5. A pre-bronchodilator FEV1 > 60% predicted normal value at Visit 1.
    6. Demonstrate acceptable MDI administration technique.

      Sex and Contraceptive/Barrier Requirements

    7. Females must be not of childbearing potential, or should be using a form of highly effective birth control as defined below:
  • Female participants Women not of childbearing potential are defined as women who are either permanently sterilized (hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, or bilateral salpingectomy), or who are postmenopausal. Women included in this study will be considered postmenopausal if they have been amenorrhoeic for 12 months or more following cessation of exogenous hormonal treatment and follicle-stimulating hormone levels in the postmenopausal range.
  • Female participants of childbearing potential must use one highly effective form of birth control. A highly effective method of contraception is defined as one that can achieve a failure rate of less than 1% per year when used consistently and correctly. At enrolment, women of childbearing potential who are sexually active with a non-sterilized male partner should be stable on their chosen method of highly effective birth control, as defined below, and willing to remain on the birth control until at least 14 days after last dose of study intervention. Cessation of contraception after this point should be discussed with a responsible physician.

Periodic abstinence (calendar, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods), withdrawal (coitus interruptus), spermicides only, and lactational amenorrhoea method are not acceptable methods of contraception. Female condom and male condom should not be used together. All women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test result at Visit 1.

  • Highly effective birth control methods are listed below:
  • Total sexual abstinence is an acceptable method provided it is the usual lifestyle of the participant (defined as refraining from heterosexual intercourse during the entire period of risk associated with the study treatments). Periodic abstinence (e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods), declaration of abstinence for the duration of exposure to study intervention, and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception.
  • Contraceptive subdermal implant
  • Intrauterine device or intrauterine system
  • Oral contraceptive (combined or progesterone only)
  • Injectable progestogen
  • Contraceptive vaginal ring
  • Percutaneous contraceptive patches
  • Male partner sterilization with documentation of azoospermia prior to the female participant's entry into the study, and this male is the sole partner for that participant. The documentation on male sterility can come from the site personnel's review of participant's medical records, medical examination and/or semen analysis or medical history interview provided by her or her partner.
  • Bilateral tubal ligation Informed Consent 8 Capable of giving signed informed consent as described in Appendix A which includes compliance with the requirements and restrictions listed in the ICF and in this protocol.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Medical Conditions

    1. Life-threatening asthma defined as a history of significant asthma episode(s) requiring intubation associated with hypercapnia, respiratory arrest, hypoxic seizures, or asthma related syncopal episode(s).
    2. Current smokers, former smokers with > 10 pack-years history, or former smokers who stopped smoking \< 6 months prior to Visit 1 (including all forms of tobacco, e-cigarettes or other vaping devices, and marijuana).
    3. Historical or current evidence of a clinically significant disease including, but not limited to: cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, hematological, neurological, endocrine, gastrointestinal, or pulmonary (e.g., active tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, pulmonary eosinophilic syndromes, COPD, and uncontrolled severe asthma). Significant is defined as any disease that, in the opinion of the investigator, would put the safety of the participant at risk through participation, or that could affect the safety/tolerability analysis.
    4. Any respiratory infection or asthma exacerbation treated with systemic corticosteroids and/or additional ICS treatment in the 8 weeks prior to Visit 1 and throughout the screening period.
    5. Hospitalization for asthma within 1 year prior to Visit 1.
    6. Admission to intensive care unit or mechanical ventilation due to asthma exacerbation.
    7. Known history of drug or alcohol abuse within 12 months of Visit 1.

      Prior/Concomitant Therapy

    8. Do not meet the stable dosing period prior to Visit 1 (see Table 5) or unable to abstain from protocol-defined prohibited medications during screening and treatment periods (see Table 6 and Table 7).
    9. Receipt of COVID-19 vaccine (regardless of vaccine delivery platform, e.g., vector, lipid nanoparticle) ≤ 7 days prior to Visit 1 (from last vaccination or booster dose).

Prior/Concurrent Clinical Study Experience 10 Participation in another clinical study with an investigational product administered within 30 days or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer). 11 Participants with a known hypersensitivity to HFO or HFA or any of the excipients of the product. 12 Previously randomized into a study with an HFO-containing MDI.

Diagnostic Assessments 13 Any clinically relevant abnormal findings in physical examination, clinical chemistry, hematology, urinalysis, vital signs, or electrocardiogram (ECG), which in the opinion of the investigator, may put the participant at risk because of his/her participation in the study. Note: Participants with ECG QT interval corrected for heart rate using Fridericia's formula (QTcF) > 480 msec will be excluded. Participants with high degree atrioventricular block II or III, or with sinus node dysfunction with clinically significant pauses who are not treated with pacemaker will also be excluded.

Other Exclusions 14 Involvement in the planning and/or conduct of the study (applies to both AstraZeneca staff and/or staff at the study site). 15 Judgment by the investigator that the participant should not participate in the study if the participant is unlikely to comply with study procedures, restrictions, and requirements.

16 Previous enrolment or randomisation in the present study. 17 For women only - currently pregnant (confirmed with positive pregnancy test), breast feeding, or planned pregnancy during the study or women of childbearing potential not using acceptable contraception measures. 18 Study investigators, sub-investigators, coordinators, and their employees or immediate family members.

04

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
52 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Treatment A: HFO propellant only MDI

    Test arm, 4 inhalations per dose

    Drug: HFO MDI

  • Active comparator
    Treatment B: HFA propellant only MDI

    Reference arm, 4 inhalations per dose

    Drug: HFA MDI

Interventions

  • DrugHFA MDI

    * Dose formulation: MDI * Unit dose strength(s): Reference (propellant only) * Dosage Level: 4 inhalations, single dose * Route of administration: Oral inhalation * Participants will receive treatment A in 1 or 2 possible sequences AB or BA

    Also known as: Propellant in MDI

  • DrugHFO MDI

    * Dose formulation: MDI * Unit dose strength(s): Experimental (propellant only) * Dosage Level: 4 inhalations, single dose * Route of administration: Oral inhalation * Participants will receive treatment A in 1 or 2 possible sequences AB or BA

    Also known as: Propellant in MDI

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change From Baseline in Normalized Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1) Area Under the Curve From 0 to 15 Minutes (AUC0-15 Min) Post-dose

    The change from baseline (30 minutes pre-dose) in normalized FEV1 AUC0-15 min postdose induced by Treatment HFO was compared with Treatment HFA.

    Time frame: 30 minutes prior to dosing and at 5, 15, and 30 minutes post-dose

Secondary outcomes

  1. Number of Participants With Bronchospasm Events

    The potential of Treatment HFO to induce bronchospasm was compared with Treatment HFA. The number of participants with bronchospasm events post-dose (5 or 15 minutes post-dose) from baseline (30 minutes pre-dose) for each treatment is presented. An event of bronchospasm is defined as a reduction in FEV1 of \>15% from baseline (i.e. the FEV1 value obtained within 30 minutes prior to study intervention administration) at 5 or 15 minutes post-dose, with associated symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, or cough.

    Time frame: 30 minutes prior to dosing and at 5 and 15 minutes post-dose

  2. Safety and Tolerability Evaluated in Terms of Adverse Events (AEs)

    The number of AEs, SAEs, and AESIs for Treatment HFO and Treatment HFA are presented.

    Time frame: From screening (Day - 14) to the last dose (day 8) + 7 days

06

Results

Posted Jul 30, 2025

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneSequence HFA-HFOSequence HFO-HFA
Started2626
Completed2626
Not completed00

Outcome measures

PrimaryChange From Baseline in Normalized Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1) Area Under the Curve From 0 to 15 Minutes (AUC0-15 Min) Post-dose

The change from baseline (30 minutes pre-dose) in normalized FEV1 AUC0-15 min postdose induced by Treatment HFO was compared with Treatment HFA.

Time frame:
30 minutes prior to dosing and at 5, 15, and 30 minutes post-dose
Reported as:
Mean · Litres
Change From Baseline in Normalized Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1) Area Under the Curve From 0 to 15 Minutes (AUC0-15 Min) Post-dose
LitresTreatment HFOTreatment HFA
Baseline FEV1 (30 minutes pre-dose)2.969 ± 0.66602.970 ± 0.6463
Normalized FEV1 AUC0-15 min2.955 ± 0.65772.965 ± 0.6474
Change from baseline in normalized FEV1 AUC0-15 min post-dose-0.014 ± 0.0794-0.004 ± 0.0565
Statistical analysis
  • Treatment HFO vs Treatment HFA · Mixed Models Analysis · Mean difference (net): -0.009 · 95% CI -0.037 to 0.018
SecondaryNumber of Participants With Bronchospasm Events

The potential of Treatment HFO to induce bronchospasm was compared with Treatment HFA. The number of participants with bronchospasm events post-dose (5 or 15 minutes post-dose) from baseline (30 minutes pre-dose) for each treatment is presented. An event of bronchospasm is defined as a reduction in FEV1 of \>15% from baseline (i.e. the FEV1 value obtained within 30 minutes prior to study intervention administration) at 5 or 15 minutes post-dose, with associated symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, or cough.

Time frame:
30 minutes prior to dosing and at 5 and 15 minutes post-dose
Reported as:
Number · Participants
Number of Participants With Bronchospasm Events
ParticipantsTreatment HFOTreatment HFA
Number of Participants With Bronchospasm Events0 (NC to NC)0 (NC to NC)
SecondarySafety and Tolerability Evaluated in Terms of Adverse Events (AEs)

The number of AEs, SAEs, and AESIs for Treatment HFO and Treatment HFA are presented.

Time frame:
From screening (Day - 14) to the last dose (day 8) + 7 days
Reported as:
Number · Events
Safety and Tolerability Evaluated in Terms of Adverse Events (AEs)
EventsTreatment HFOTreatment HFA
Any AE24
Serious AE (SAE)00
Any SAE with outcome death00
Any AE leading to discontinuation of investigational product00
Any possibly related AE10
Any possibly related SAE00
Any AE of special interest00

Adverse events

Collected over The adverse events with start date on or after the date of treatment during treatment period 1 up to (and including) 7 days after the last dose date were included, up to 20 days.. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Treatment HFO0/52 (0%)0/52 (0%)2/52 (3.8%)
Treatment HFA0/52 (0%)0/52 (0%)2/52 (3.8%)
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventTreatment HFOTreatment HFA
FatigueGeneral disorders0/521/52
PyrexiaGeneral disorders1/520/52
Urinary tract infectionInfections and infestations0/521/52
DysgeusiaNervous system disorders1/520/52
NephrolithiasisRenal and urinary disorders0/521/52
Ovarian cystReproductive system and breast disorders0/521/52

Baseline characteristics

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(Years)Sequence HFO-HFASequence HFA-HFOTotal
Mean33.8 ± 9.7830.9 ± 7.8632.4 ± 8.90
Age, Customized
Age, Customized(Participants)Sequence HFO-HFASequence HFA-HFOTotal
18-45262652
Missing000
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Sequence HFO-HFASequence HFA-HFOTotal
Female171936
Male9716
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Sequence HFO-HFASequence HFA-HFOTotal
Hispanic or Latino8715
Not Hispanic or Latino181937
Unknown or Not Reported000
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Sequence HFO-HFASequence HFA-HFOTotal
American Indian or Alaska Native101
Asian011
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander000
Black or African American347
White222143
More than one race000
Unknown or Not Reported000
Country
Country(Participants)Sequence HFO-HFASequence HFA-HFOTotal
USA262652
07

Study locations

4 sites
  • Research Site
    North Dartmouth, Massachusetts 02747, United States
  • Research Site
    St Louis, Missouri 63141, United States
  • Research Site
    Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
  • Research Site
    El Paso, Texas 79903, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Buhl R, Tanase AM, Hosoe M, Cao W, Demin I, Bartels C, Jauernig J, Ziegler D, Patalano F, Hederer B, Kanniess F, Tillmann HC. A randomized, double-blind study to compare the efficacy and safety of two doses of mometasone furoate delivered via Breezhaler(R) or Twisthaler(R) in patients with asthma. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Jun;62:101919. doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2020.101919. Epub 2020 May 7. PubMed 32387408 ↗
  • Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, 2022. http://ginasthma.org.
  • Graham BL, Steenbruggen I, Miller MR, Barjaktarevic IZ, Cooper BG, Hall GL, Hallstrand TS, Kaminsky DA, McCarthy K, McCormack MC, Oropez CE, Rosenfeld M, Stanojevic S, Swanney MP, Thompson BR. Standardization of Spirometry 2019 Update. An Official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society Technical Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Oct 15;200(8):e70-e88. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201908-1590ST. PubMed 31613151 ↗
  • Investigator's Brochure - Budesonide, Glycopyrronium and Formoterol Fumarate Inhalation Aerosol (BGF MDI); Budesonide and Formoterol Fumarate Inhalation Aerosol (BFF MDI); Budesonide Inhalation Aerosol (BD MDI); Glycopyrronium Inhalation Aerosol (GP MDI) (Also known as PT010 [BGF MDI], PT009 [BFF MDI], PT008 (BD MDI); PT001 (GP MDI); Edition Number 9.0, 16 September 2022.
  • Juniper EF, Bousquet J, Abetz L, Bateman ED; GOAL Committee. Identifying 'well-controlled' and 'not well-controlled' asthma using the Asthma Control Questionnaire. Respir Med. 2006 Apr;100(4):616-21. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2005.08.012. Epub 2005 Oct 13. PubMed 16226443 ↗
  • Juniper EF, O'Byrne PM, Guyatt GH, Ferrie PJ, King DR. Development and validation of a questionnaire to measure asthma control. Eur Respir J. 1999 Oct;14(4):902-7. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-3003.1999.14d29.x. PubMed 10573240 ↗
  • Miller MR, Hankinson J, Brusasco V, Burgos F, Casaburi R, Coates A, Crapo R, Enright P, van der Grinten CP, Gustafsson P, Jensen R, Johnson DC, MacIntyre N, McKay R, Navajas D, Pedersen OF, Pellegrino R, Viegi G, Wanger J; ATS/ERS Task Force. Standardisation of spirometry. Eur Respir J. 2005 Aug;26(2):319-38. doi: 10.1183/09031936.05.00034805. No abstract available. PubMed 16055882 ↗
  • Quanjer PH, Stanojevic S, Cole TJ, Baur X, Hall GL, Culver BH, Enright PL, Hankinson JL, Ip MS, Zheng J, Stocks J; ERS Global Lung Function Initiative. Multi-ethnic reference values for spirometry for the 3-95-yr age range: the global lung function 2012 equations. Eur Respir J. 2012 Dec;40(6):1324-43. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00080312. Epub 2012 Jun 27. PubMed 22743675 ↗
  • Quanjer PH, Tammeling GJ, Cotes JE, Pedersen OF, Peslin R, Yernault JC. Lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows. Report Working Party Standardization of Lung Function Tests, European Community for Steel and Coal. Official Statement of the European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J Suppl. 1993 Mar;16:5-40. No abstract available. PubMed 8499054 ↗
  • Pleasants RA, Bell AS, Jassal M, Xu J, Petullo D, Raphiou I, Aurivillius M, Bondarov P, Patel M. A Randomized, Double-Blind Crossover Study of Change in Post-Dose Lung Function with Hydrofluoroolefin-1234ze, a Next-Generation Propellant for Metered Dose Inhalers, in Participants with Asthma. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2025 Oct;38(5):275-283. doi: 10.1089/jamp.2024.0061. Epub 2025 Jun 24. PubMed 40551410 ↗

Study documents

  • Study protocol · Dec 8, 2022
  • Statistical analysis plan · Oct 4, 2023

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05850494
Lead sponsor
AstraZeneca
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
May 9, 2023
Start date
May 2, 2023
Primary completion
Aug 21, 2023
Completion
Aug 21, 2023
Results posted
Jul 30, 2025
Last update
Feb 6, 2026

Study contacts

David Miller, MD
principal investigator · Northeast Medical Research Associates, Inc.
Craig LaForce, MD
principal investigator · North Carolina Clinical Research
Allen T Funkhouser, MC
principal investigator · EPIMRD Inc.
Jeffrey Tillinghast, MD
principal investigator · The Clinical Research Center, LLC.

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
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