CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT05608824Updated Apr 7, 2026

Evaluation of Lower Extremity Athletic Injuries and Response to Treatment Using SWE and MFI

An interventional study of Shear wave elastography and microvascular flow imaging. in Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injury, sponsored by Oregon Health and Science University. Completed at 2 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 89 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-04-07.

Sponsored by Oregon Health and Science University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Diagnostic

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was Feb 2025, 1 year 7 months ago, and no results have been posted to the registry.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
9
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years to 89 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Primary Objective:

To explore changes in shear wave elastography (SWE) and microvascular flow imaging (MFI) measurements from time of injury through the recovery phase of lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries to determine if a correlation exists with functional impairment.

Secondary Objective:

To develop a deep learning AI system for automated region of interest (ROI) determination for measurement of average SWE and MFI.

Methodology:

Eligible subjects with lower extremity injuries will undergo SWE and MFI measurements and complete the Lower Extremity Functional Scale questionnaire at each study visit. Clinical data related to the evaluation of the injury acquired during standard medical care of the injury will be collected from the patients' medical record such as CT or MRI scans, X-rays, physical exams and tests as well as laboratory measurements. Subjects will undergo serial SWE and MFI imaging throughout their rehabilitation episode of care to assess changes over time, status in rehabilitation and comparison to the contralateral extremity.

02

Conditions studied

  • Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injury

Keywords

  • Ultrasound
  • Shear wave elastography
  • Microvascular flow imaging
03

In context

Lead sponsor

Oregon Health and Science University is the lead sponsor of 676 studies on the registry; 136 are open to participants now.

Of its 49 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 36 (73%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 89 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Subjects age 18 - 89 years;
  • Able to sign an informed consent document;
  • Suspected MSK injury of the lower extremity (i.e. hamstring injuries and soft tissue injuries involving the ankle).

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Prior fasciotomy of same limb;
  • Hemodialysis grafts of involved extremity;
  • Extremity wounds preventing ultrasound imaging.
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Diagnostic
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
9 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Musculoskeletal injury

    Shear wave elastography and microvascular flow imaging.

    Device: Shear wave elastography and microvascular flow imaging.

Interventions

  • DeviceShear wave elastography and microvascular flow imaging.

    Subjects will undergo serial SWE and MFI imaging throughout their rehabilitation episode of care to assess changes over time, status in rehabilitation and comparison to the contralateral extremity.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. kPa

    Tissue stiffness measured by shear wave elastography

    Time frame: Within 48 hours

  2. kPa

    Tissue stiffness measured by shear wave elastography

    Time frame: 5 days post injury (+/- 2 days)

  3. kPa

    Tissue stiffness measured by shear wave elastography

    Time frame: 6 weeks post injury (+/- 1 week)

  4. kPa

    Tissue stiffness measured by shear wave elastography

    Time frame: 12 weeks post injury (+/- 1 week)

  5. kPa

    Tissue stiffness measured by shear wave elastography

    Time frame: 24 weeks post injury (+/- 1 week)

  6. Presence of blood flow

    Measured by microvascular flow imaging

    Time frame: Within 48 hours

  7. Presence of blood flow

    Measured by microvascular flow imaging

    Time frame: 5 days post injury (+/- 2 days)

  8. Presence of blood flow

    Measured by microvascular flow imaging

    Time frame: 6 weeks post injury (+/- 1 week)

  9. Presence of blood flow

    Measured by microvascular flow imaging

    Time frame: 12 weeks post injury (+/- 1 week)

  10. Presence of blood flow

    Measured by microvascular flow imaging

    Time frame: 24 weeks post injury (+/- 1 week)

07

Study locations

2 sites
  • University of Oregon
    Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
  • Oregon Health & Science University
    Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

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  • Kelly JF, Ritenour AE, McLaughlin DF, Bagg KA, Apodaca AN, Mallak CT, Pearse L, Lawnick MM, Champion HR, Wade CE, Holcomb JB. Injury severity and causes of death from Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom: 2003-2004 versus 2006. J Trauma. 2008 Feb;64(2 Suppl):S21-6; discussion S26-7. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160b9fb. PubMed 18376168 ↗
  • Mauser N, Gissel H, Henderson C, Hao J, Hak D, Mauffrey C. Acute lower-leg compartment syndrome. Orthopedics. 2013 Aug;36(8):619-24. doi: 10.3928/01477447-20130724-07. PubMed 23937740 ↗
  • Ritenour AE, Dorlac WC, Fang R, Woods T, Jenkins DH, Flaherty SF, Wade CE, Holcomb JB. Complications after fasciotomy revision and delayed compartment release in combat patients. J Trauma. 2008 Feb;64(2 Suppl):S153-61; discussion S161-2. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181607750. PubMed 18376159 ↗
  • Ritenour AE, Blackbourne LH, Kelly JF, McLaughlin DF, Pearse LA, Holcomb JB, Wade CE. Incidence of primary blast injury in US military overseas contingency operations: a retrospective study. Ann Surg. 2010 Jun;251(6):1140-4. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181e01270. PubMed 20485126 ↗
  • Rush RM Jr, Beekley AC, Puttler EG, Kjorstad RJ. The mangled extremity. Curr Probl Surg. 2009 Nov;46(11):851-926. doi: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2009.05.003. No abstract available. PubMed 19804853 ↗
  • Shadgan B, Pereira G, Menon M, Jafari S, Darlene Reid W, O'Brien PJ. Risk factors for acute compartment syndrome of the leg associated with tibial diaphyseal fractures in adults. J Orthop Traumatol. 2015 Sep;16(3):185-92. doi: 10.1007/s10195-014-0330-y. Epub 2014 Dec 28. PubMed 25543232 ↗
  • Kragh JF Jr, Wade CE, Baer DG, Jones JA, Walters TJ, Hsu JR, Wenke JC, Blackbourne LH, Holcomb JB. Fasciotomy rates in operations enduring freedom and iraqi freedom: association with injury severity and tourniquet use. J Orthop Trauma. 2011 Mar;25(3):134-9. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0b013e3181e52333. PubMed 21321506 ↗
  • McMillan TE, Gardner WT, Schmidt AH, Johnstone AJ. Diagnosing acute compartment syndrome-where have we got to? Int Orthop. 2019 Nov;43(11):2429-2435. doi: 10.1007/s00264-019-04386-y. Epub 2019 Aug 29. PubMed 31468110 ↗
  • Brandenburg JE, Eby SF, Song P, Zhao H, Landry BW, Kingsley-Berg S, Bamlet WR, Chen S, Sieck GC, An KN. Feasibility and reliability of quantifying passive muscle stiffness in young children by using shear wave ultrasound elastography. J Ultrasound Med. 2015 Apr;34(4):663-70. doi: 10.7863/ultra.34.4.663. PubMed 25792582 ↗
  • Lacourpaille L, Hug F, Bouillard K, Hogrel JY, Nordez A. Supersonic shear imaging provides a reliable measurement of resting muscle shear elastic modulus. Physiol Meas. 2012 Mar;33(3):N19-28. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/33/3/N19. Epub 2012 Feb 28. PubMed 22370174 ↗
  • Nightingale KR, Palmeri ML, Nightingale RW, Trahey GE. On the feasibility of remote palpation using acoustic radiation force. J Acoust Soc Am. 2001 Jul;110(1):625-34. doi: 10.1121/1.1378344. PubMed 11508987 ↗
  • Ganesan S, Man CS, Lai-Fook SJ. Generation and detection of lung stress waves from the chest surface. Respir Physiol. 1997 Oct;110(1):19-32. doi: 10.1016/s0034-5687(97)00065-0. PubMed 9361149 ↗
  • Catheline S, Thomas JL, Wu F, Fink MA. Diffraction field of a low frequency vibrator in soft tissues using transient elastography. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 1999;46(4):1013-9. doi: 10.1109/58.775668. PubMed 18238506 ↗
  • Sarvazyan AP, Rudenko OV, Swanson SD, Fowlkes JB, Emelianov SY. Shear wave elasticity imaging: a new ultrasonic technology of medical diagnostics. Ultrasound Med Biol. 1998 Nov;24(9):1419-35. doi: 10.1016/s0301-5629(98)00110-0. PubMed 10385964 ↗
  • Bercoff J, Tanter M, Fink M. Supersonic shear imaging: a new technique for soft tissue elasticity mapping. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 2004 Apr;51(4):396-409. doi: 10.1109/tuffc.2004.1295425. PubMed 15139541 ↗
  • Parker KJ, Huang SR, Musulin RA, Lerner RM. Tissue response to mechanical vibrations for "sonoelasticity imaging". Ultrasound Med Biol. 1990;16(3):241-6. doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(90)90003-u. PubMed 2194336 ↗
  • Muthupillai R, Lomas DJ, Rossman PJ, Greenleaf JF, Manduca A, Ehman RL. Magnetic resonance elastography by direct visualization of propagating acoustic strain waves. Science. 1995 Sep 29;269(5232):1854-7. doi: 10.1126/science.7569924. PubMed 7569924 ↗
  • Sarvazyan A, Hall TJ, Urban MW, Fatemi M, Aglyamov SR, Garra BS. AN OVERVIEW OF ELASTOGRAPHY - AN EMERGING BRANCH OF MEDICAL IMAGING. Curr Med Imaging Rev. 2011 Nov;7(4):255-282. doi: 10.2174/157340511798038684. PubMed 22308105 ↗
  • Brandenburg JE, Eby SF, Song P, Zhao H, Brault JS, Chen S, An KN. Ultrasound elastography: the new frontier in direct measurement of muscle stiffness. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014 Nov;95(11):2207-19. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.07.007. Epub 2014 Jul 24. PubMed 25064780 ↗
  • Creze M, Nordez A, Soubeyrand M, Rocher L, Maitre X, Bellin MF. Shear wave sonoelastography of skeletal muscle: basic principles, biomechanical concepts, clinical applications, and future perspectives. Skeletal Radiol. 2018 Apr;47(4):457-471. doi: 10.1007/s00256-017-2843-y. Epub 2017 Dec 9. PubMed 29224123 ↗
  • Hildebrandt W, Schwarzbach H, Pardun A, Hannemann L, Bogs B, Konig AM, Mahnken AH, Hildebrandt O, Koehler U, Kinscherf R. Age-related differences in skeletal muscle microvascular response to exercise as detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). PLoS One. 2017 Mar 8;12(3):e0172771. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172771. eCollection 2017. PubMed 28273102 ↗
  • Sadeghi S, Johnson M, Bader DA, Cortes DH. The shear modulus of lower-leg muscles correlates to intramuscular pressure. J Biomech. 2019 Jan 23;83:190-196. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.11.045. Epub 2018 Dec 10. PubMed 30563763 ↗
  • Gliemann L, Mortensen SP, Hellsten Y. Methods for the determination of skeletal muscle blood flow: development, strengths and limitations. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2018 Jun;118(6):1081-1094. doi: 10.1007/s00421-018-3880-5. Epub 2018 May 14. PubMed 29756164 ↗
  • GREENFIELD AD, WHITNEY RJ, MOWBRAY JF. Methods for the investigation of peripheral blood flow. Br Med Bull. 1963 May;19:101-9. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070026. No abstract available. PubMed 13950177 ↗
  • Jorfeldt L, Wahren J. [Leg blood supply during exercise: methodological studies with a dye dilution technic]. Nord Med. 1971 Aug 26;86(34):1009. No abstract available. Swedish. PubMed 4938749 ↗
  • WILD JJ, NEAL D. Use of high-frequency ultrasonic waves for detecting changes of texture in living tissues. Lancet. 1951 Mar 24;1(6656):655-7. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(51)92403-8. No abstract available. PubMed 14814827 ↗
  • Nguyen T, Davidson BP. Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Perfusion Imaging in Skeletal Muscle. J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019 Jul;27(3):163-177. doi: 10.4250/jcvi.2019.27.e31. Epub 2019 May 20. PubMed 31161755 ↗
  • Dunford EC, Au JS, Devries MC, Phillips SM, MacDonald MJ. Cardiovascular aging and the microcirculation of skeletal muscle: using contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2018 Nov 1;315(5):H1194-H1199. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00737.2017. Epub 2018 Aug 3. PubMed 30074839 ↗
  • Sboros V, Tang MX. The assessment of microvascular flow and tissue perfusion using ultrasound imaging. Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2010;224(2):273-90. doi: 10.1243/09544119JEIM621. PubMed 20349819 ↗
  • Binkley JM, Stratford PW, Lott SA, Riddle DL. The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS): scale development, measurement properties, and clinical application. North American Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Research Network. Phys Ther. 1999 Apr;79(4):371-83. PubMed 10201543 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 7, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05608824
Lead sponsor
Oregon Health and Science University
Collaborators
University of Oregon
Responsible party
Kenton W. Gregory (Principal Investigator, Oregon Health and Science University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Nov 8, 2022
Start date
Oct 1, 2023
Primary completion
Feb 28, 2025
Completion
Sep 30, 2025
Last update
Apr 7, 2026

Study contacts

Kenton Gregory, MD
principal investigator · Oregon Health and Science University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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