CClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT05502913Updated Oct 2, 2023

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer

A Phase 2 interventional study of Antibiotics and FMT (Fecal Microbiota Transplantation) in Metastatic Lung Cancer, sponsored by Soroka University Medical Center. Recruiting at 2 sites in Israel. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-10-02.

Sponsored by Soroka University Medical Center · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
80
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Immunotherapy has recently become a main-stream treatment option in cancer care, with improved clinical outcomes in many malignancies, especially that of lung cancer. The long-term benefits of this treatment however are limited. There is therefore a critical need to distinguish predictive biomarkers of response from those of resistance, and to develop synergistic strategies for improved therapeutic response. Strong emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiome has the ability to influence response to immunotherapy. Unlike tumor genomics, the gut microbiome is modifiable, and thus its modulation to enhance response to immunotherapy is an attractive therapeutic strategy.

Working hypothesis: Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT) treatment in conjunction with standard (chemo-)immunotherapy as a first-line treatment for metastatic lung cancer enhances disease control rate.

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT) in altering response to immunotherapy in patients with metastatic lung cancer. The overall goal is to determine microbiome compositional and gene-content changes in patients who respond more efficiently to immunotherapy subsequent to FMT. This understanding may lead to future microbiome-based treatments in combination with immunotherapy to significantly increase lung cancer treatment efficacy. In this prospective clinical and molecular study, we will perform an in-depth analysis of the potential role of FMT in the context of immunotherapy.

Read the detailed description

Only a small subset of tumor types benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, where most responders eventually develop resistance. Oral administration of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) from treatment-responsive patients has been found to considerably improve Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-based immunotherapy outcomes as well as inhibit tumor growth through augmented dendritic cell and T cell responses.

This study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of FMT treatment combined with first-line (chemo-)immunotherapy in metastatic lung cancer. The study will include a thorough microbiome composition analysis of FMT donors and recipients to be correlated to clinical outcomes. In addition, blood samples will be analyzed using a novel commensal antigen microarray for rapid serum profiling.

Patients with metastatic malignancy who completely respond to immunotherapy will serve as the fecal implant donors. Dr. Arik Segal's Lab will produce capsules with one donor/capsule. In an open-label approach, patients will receive FMT on the first day of (chemo-)immunotherapy cycle one and every 3-4 weeks based on the specific (chemo-)immunotherapy protocol. Before FMT treatment, participants will receive active antibiotics. The second arm will receive standard-of-care treatment only. Study participants will be evaluated throughout the study using imaging, laboratory, vital signs, and disease status assessments until the end of the study.

Stool samples from study participants will be collected before the start of treatment during the (chemo-)immunotherapy cycle and at the end of treatment for sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of the microbiome. Blood samples will be collected from all donors at the study start and from all recipients at recruitment, on the day of each FMT administration, and at the end of treatment.

Statistics:

A one-sided test for differences in proportions and type I error of 0.05 will have a power of 88% to detect a 30% difference in response between the FMT and placebo group, for a total of 80 randomized patients, 40 in each treatment group stratified by PD-L1 status.

02

Conditions studied

  • Metastatic Lung Cancer

Browse trials for

Keywords

  • Fecal microbiome transplant
  • Metastatic lung cancer
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Eligibility criteria

Patient (Recipient) Inclusion Criteria:

  1. A histologically confirmed diagnosis of malignancy.
  2. Patients over the age of 18.
  3. Patients planning to be treated with chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors and/or targeted therapy.
  4. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status 0-2
  5. Able to provide written informed consent.

Patient (Recipient) Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Severe or life-threatening food allergy (e.g. nuts, seafood)
  2. Allergy or other contraindication to omeprazole, investigational medicinal product.
  3. Treatment with pre- or probiotics in the four weeks prior to randomization.
  4. Severe immunodeficiency:

    • Systemic chemotherapy \<30 days from baseline
    • Known neutropenia with absolute neutrophils \<1.0x109 cells/µL
    • Prolonged treatment with corticosteroids (equivalent to prednisone >60mg daily for >30 days) within 8 weeks of randomization
  5. Swallowing disorder, oral-motor discoordination, inability to swallow capsules
  6. Pregnant or breastfeeding or expecting to conceive or father children within the trial's projected duration, starting from the pre-screening or screening visit through to 120 days after the last dose of trial treatment.

Donor Inclusion Criteria:

  1. A histologically confirmed diagnosis of malignancy.
  2. Over the age of 18.
  3. Treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and with a full response.
  4. Currently attending medical follow-ups

Donor Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Has not consumed any antimicrobials within the past 3 months
  2. No prior exposure to HIV or viral hepatitis or suffering from tuberculosis/latent tuberculosis
  3. No risk factors for blood-borne viruses, including high-risk sexual behavior, use of illicit drugs, any tattoo/body piercing/needlestick injury/blood transfusion/acupuncture, all within the past 6 months
  4. No signs or symptoms consistent with Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) or a nose/throat and/or stool sample with detectable Coronavirus disease 2 (CoV-2)
  5. Has not received a live attenuated vaccine within the past 6 months
  6. No underlying gastrointestinal conditions/symptoms (e.g., history of IBD, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), chronic diarrhea, chronic constipation, coeliac disease, bowel resection or bariatric surgery)
  7. No acute diarrhea/gastrointestinal symptoms within the 2 weeks prior to donating
  8. No family history of any significant gastrointestinal conditions (e.g., family history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or colorectal cancer)
  9. No history of atopy (e.g., asthma, eosinophilic disorders)
  10. Does not suffer from any systemic autoimmune conditions
  11. Does not start any new treatment regimens within 2 weeks of fecal collection
  12. No neurological or psychiatric conditions or known risk for prion disease
  13. No history of chronic pain syndromes, including chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia
  14. No history of receiving growth hormone, insulin from cows or clotting factor concentrates
  15. Has not received an experimental drug or vaccine within the past 6 months
  16. No history of travel to tropical countries within the past 6 months
04

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
80 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    standard of care (SoC) (IO±CTX) + FMT

    Subjects assigned to Arm 1 will be required to swallow FMT capsules in a regimen of ten capsules in the morning and ten capsules in the afternoon on day 1 of the first (chemo-)immunotherapy cycle, and then every three weeks. abbreviation: Immuno-Oncology (IO) Chemotherapy (CTX)

    Drug: Antibiotics · Other: FMT (Fecal Microbiota Transplantation)

  • No intervention
    standard-of-care treatment

    Subjects will receive standard-of-care treatment only.

Interventions

  • DrugAntibiotics

    Recipients will undergo bowel preconditioning with antibiotics (Rifaximin) following randomization.

    Also known as: Rifaximin

  • OtherFMT (Fecal Microbiota Transplantation)

    FMT involves the transplantation of fecal bacteria from a screened donor to a recipient. This will be achieved per os in the form of a capsule containing freeze-dried stool obtained from the donor.

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Progression-free Survival (PFS)

    PFS is defined as the time passed from screening until the date of progressive disease (PD) or death from any cause. Imaging will be performed using computed tomography (CT) and/or Positron emission tomography (PET).

    Time frame: up to 2 years

Secondary outcomes

  1. Overall Survival (OS)

    OS is defined as the time passed from randomization until death from any cause.

    Time frame: up to 4 years

  2. Objective response rate (ORR)

    ORR is defined as the percentage of subjects who had a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR), as defined by ir-RECIST v1.1, and is based on the best response obtained.

    Time frame: From randomization (Day 0) until end of study

  3. Rate of Disease Control

    Rate of Disease Control is defined as the percentage of subjects who had a complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD), as defined by ir-RECIST v1.1.

    Time frame: up to 2 years

  4. Microbiome analysis

    Microbiome analysis of the stool of donors and recipients (before and after FMT) to reveal the optimum microbiome-based components to significantly increase cancer immunotherapy efficacy

    Time frame: up to 2 years

  5. Serum antibody levels and lymphocyte subpopulation distribution

    Analysis of serum antibodies and blood lymphocyte repertoires to be correlated to gut microbes and yeasts via blood samples of donors and recipients at several timepoints prior and post FMT induction

    Time frame: up to 2 years

  6. Safety and feasibility

    Number of adverse events and serious adverse events related definitely to fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).

    Time frame: up to 2 years

06

Study locations

1 of 2 sites recruiting
  • Soroka Medical Center
    Beer sheva, Israel
    • Ismaell Massalha, M.D. · Principal investigator
    Recruiting
  • Rabin Medical Center
    Petah Tikva, Israel
    • Mor Moskovitz, MD · Contact
    Not yet recruiting
07

References and documents

Publications

  • Robert C. A decade of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy. Nat Commun. 2020 Jul 30;11(1):3801. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17670-y. PubMed 32732879 ↗
  • Chen D, Wu J, Jin D, Wang B, Cao H. Fecal microbiota transplantation in cancer management: Current status and perspectives. Int J Cancer. 2019 Oct 15;145(8):2021-2031. doi: 10.1002/ijc.32003. Epub 2018 Dec 30. PubMed 30458058 ↗
  • Davar D, Dzutsev AK, McCulloch JA, Rodrigues RR, Chauvin JM, Morrison RM, Deblasio RN, Menna C, Ding Q, Pagliano O, Zidi B, Zhang S, Badger JH, Vetizou M, Cole AM, Fernandes MR, Prescott S, Costa RGF, Balaji AK, Morgun A, Vujkovic-Cvijin I, Wang H, Borhani AA, Schwartz MB, Dubner HM, Ernst SJ, Rose A, Najjar YG, Belkaid Y, Kirkwood JM, Trinchieri G, Zarour HM. Fecal microbiota transplant overcomes resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma patients. Science. 2021 Feb 5;371(6529):595-602. doi: 10.1126/science.abf3363. PubMed 33542131 ↗
  • Baruch EN, Youngster I, Ben-Betzalel G, Ortenberg R, Lahat A, Katz L, Adler K, Dick-Necula D, Raskin S, Bloch N, Rotin D, Anafi L, Avivi C, Melnichenko J, Steinberg-Silman Y, Mamtani R, Harati H, Asher N, Shapira-Frommer R, Brosh-Nissimov T, Eshet Y, Ben-Simon S, Ziv O, Khan MAW, Amit M, Ajami NJ, Barshack I, Schachter J, Wargo JA, Koren O, Markel G, Boursi B. Fecal microbiota transplant promotes response in immunotherapy-refractory melanoma patients. Science. 2021 Feb 5;371(6529):602-609. doi: 10.1126/science.abb5920. Epub 2020 Dec 10. PubMed 33303685 ↗
  • Gopalakrishnan V, Spencer CN, Nezi L, Reuben A, Andrews MC, Karpinets TV, Prieto PA, Vicente D, Hoffman K, Wei SC, Cogdill AP, Zhao L, Hudgens CW, Hutchinson DS, Manzo T, Petaccia de Macedo M, Cotechini T, Kumar T, Chen WS, Reddy SM, Szczepaniak Sloane R, Galloway-Pena J, Jiang H, Chen PL, Shpall EJ, Rezvani K, Alousi AM, Chemaly RF, Shelburne S, Vence LM, Okhuysen PC, Jensen VB, Swennes AG, McAllister F, Marcelo Riquelme Sanchez E, Zhang Y, Le Chatelier E, Zitvogel L, Pons N, Austin-Breneman JL, Haydu LE, Burton EM, Gardner JM, Sirmans E, Hu J, Lazar AJ, Tsujikawa T, Diab A, Tawbi H, Glitza IC, Hwu WJ, Patel SP, Woodman SE, Amaria RN, Davies MA, Gershenwald JE, Hwu P, Lee JE, Zhang J, Coussens LM, Cooper ZA, Futreal PA, Daniel CR, Ajami NJ, Petrosino JF, Tetzlaff MT, Sharma P, Allison JP, Jenq RR, Wargo JA. Gut microbiome modulates response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients. Science. 2018 Jan 5;359(6371):97-103. doi: 10.1126/science.aan4236. Epub 2017 Nov 2. PubMed 29097493 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05502913
Lead sponsor
Soroka University Medical Center
Collaborators
Biotax Labs LTD, Israel Cancer Association
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Aug 16, 2022
Start date
Sep 1, 2023
Primary completion
Jun 30, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 30, 2028 (estimated)
Last update
Oct 2, 2023

Study contacts

Ismaell Massalha, M.D.
Contact
ismaell@post.bgu.ac.il
+972526995934
Amichay Meirovitz, Prof.
Contact
amichaym@gmail.com
+972528805922
Ismaell Massalha, MD
principal investigator · Soroka University Medical Center

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Interested in this study?

Eligibility is decided by the study team. Share this record with your doctor or contact the team directly.

Contact study team

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion