An interventional study of Episiotomy Wound Care and Genital Hygiene Training in Episiotomy Wound, Wound Healing and Pain, sponsored by Aydin Adnan Menderes University. Completed at 1 site in Turkey. Open to female participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-07-20.
Sponsored by Aydin Adnan Menderes University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Supportive care
The World Health Organization (WHO) and professional societies recommend restricted episiotomy instead of routine episiotomy. However, since the 1990s, there has been evidence of the risks of the procedure, and although routine use has no benefit, it is still widely used. In this study, investigators aimed to determine the effect of episiotomy on the wound healing process and pain perception by providing episiotomy wound healing and genital hygiene training with training material created to raise awareness about wound care after episiotomy and to eliminate factors that delay the healing of episiotomy wound.
This study aimed to determine the effect of episiotomy wound care and genital hygiene training on episiotomy wound healing and pain perception.
Methods: In this study, investigators used a randomized controlled trial approach.
It was carried out in the postpartum service of the medical faculty hospital. 128 participants who underlap vaginal postpartum episiotomy were randomly assigned to the experimental and control group. The women who gave birth in the experimental group were given episiotomy wound care and genital hygiene training. The routine postpartum care was given to the participants who gave birth in the control group. The data were collected using the personal information form, the episiotomy area evaluation scale (REEDA score), and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
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Exclusion Criteria:
Postpartum first day was given wound care and genital hygiene training (one hour). At the end of the training, the mothers were given a written and illustrated training brochure.
Other: Episiotomy Wound Care and Genital Hygiene Training
Standard of care (Control group) Left to the usual care of the hospital
Episiotomy wound healing and genital hygiene training were given face-to-face by researchers to the mothers assigned to the training group. The trainings were given to each mother individually in their rooms. The total training lasted an average of one hour. At the end of the training, the mothers were given a written and illustrated training brochure. Training content * Primarily, external reproductive organs were shown to mothers through pictures. * Urethra, Vagina, Anus, Perineum areas were mentioned. * The definition of Episiotomy was made; and where and how it was applied was explained with visual materials. It was explained how to care for the episiotomy area to heal more rapid and healthier. * Information was given on how to change their menstrual pads. * Information was provided on what to look for when using underwear * What to watch out while taking a bath: * What to pay attention to in your stitch area
Personal information form before intervention
Assessed using personal information. This instrument contains questions on women's sociodemographic and postpartum.
Time frame: postpartum 1sth day (after birth first 24 hours)
Episiotomy Area Evaluation before intervention
Assessed using the Episiotomy Area Evaluation Scale (REEDA SCORE) before intervention. This scale covers five factors indicating perineal wound healing: (1) Redness, (2) Edema, (3) Ecchymosis, (4) Discharge, and (5) Approximation. A total REEDA score is obtained by evaluating each category of these five recovery factors. The scale is evaluated by giving 0, 1, 2, and 3 points to each evaluation. The lowest score is 0 and the highest score is 15.
Time frame: postpartum 1sth day (after birth first 24 hours)
Episiotomy pain Evaluation before intervention
The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scale, which would be applied to evaluate episiotomy pain in the postpartum period, was used to convert some values that cannot be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line. The participant was asked to indicate where his or her condition is suitable on this line by drawing a line or by placing a dot or pointing. "No pain" is written on one end and "very severe pain" on the opposite end; the participant was asked to mark the pain condition on this line.was used to convert some values that could not be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line.
Time frame: postpartum 1sth day (after birth first 24 hours)
Episiotomy Area Evaluation after intervention
Assessed using the Episiotomy Area Evaluation Scale (REEDA SCORE) before intervention. This scale covers five factors indicating perineal wound healing: (1) Redness, (2) Edema, (3) Ecchymosis, (4) Discharge, and (5) Approximation. A total REEDA score is obtained by evaluating each category of these five recovery factors. The scale is evaluated by giving 0, 1, 2, and 3 points to each evaluation. The lowest score is 0 and the highest score is 15.
Time frame: postpartum 5th day
Episiotomy pain Evaluation after intervention
The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scale, which would be applied to evaluate episiotomy pain in the postpartum period, was used to convert some values that cannot be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line. The participant was asked to indicate where his or her condition is suitable on this line by drawing a line or by placing a dot or pointing. "No pain" is written on one end and "very severe pain" on the opposite end; the participant was asked to mark the pain condition on this line.was used to convert some values that could not be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line.
Time frame: postpartum 5th day
Episiotomy Area Evaluation after intervention
Assessed using the Episiotomy Area Evaluation Scale (REEDA SCORE) before intervention. This scale covers five factors indicating perineal wound healing: (1) Redness, (2) Edema, (3) Ecchymosis, (4) Discharge, and (5) Approximation. A total REEDA score is obtained by evaluating each category of these five recovery factors. The scale is evaluated by giving 0, 1, 2, and 3 points to each evaluation. The lowest score is 0 and the highest score is 15.
Time frame: Postpartum 15th day
Episiotomy pain Evaluation after intervention
The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scale, which would be applied to evaluate episiotomy pain in the postpartum period, was used to convert some values that cannot be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line. The participant was asked to indicate where his or her condition is suitable on this line by drawing a line or by placing a dot or pointing. "No pain" is written on one end and "very severe pain" on the opposite end; the participant was asked to mark the pain condition on this line.was used to convert some values that could not be measured numerically, and two-end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at both ends of a 100 mm line.
Time frame: Postpartum 15th day
Plan to share: Yes — The data sets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Supporting information: Csr
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Aydin Adnan Menderes University