ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT05302453Updated Feb 14, 2023

The Effect of Basic Body Awareness Therapy on Musculoskeletal Disorders and Psychological Symptoms

An interventional study of Basic Body Awareness Therapy in University Students, sponsored by Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University. Completed at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to participants aged 18 Years to 25 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-02-14.

Sponsored by Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 1 year after the study started (first participant enrolled Mar 2021, registered Mar 2022).
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
60
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 25 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, stay-at-home isolation as a precaution to alleviate the disease has affected the physical and mental well-being of individuals. University students spent time in front of the screen with online education and developed a sedentary lifestyle during the academic term. In this process, musculoskeletal disorders increased more in university students due to the increase in the use of laptop or computer, smartphone, and social media. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused psychological disorders as well as physical health problems. General population studies have shown that all forms of depression, anxiety, stress, sleep problems, and psychological distress are highly increased during this period. In a study conducted in Turkey, it was reported that students' negative well-being, anxiety, and physical inactivity significantly affected perceived stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, and students' mental health was at high risk. It has been stated that providing mental health supportive systems in students and encouraging physical activity regularly can reduce perceived stress levels.

On the other hand, psychological interventions via video conferencing platforms have been proposed to promote mental health due to the limited and delayed face-to-face healthcare as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been stated that the use of telemedicine or e-health applications together with body-mind approaches such as yoga, tai chi, qigong may be beneficial in order to encourage physical activity and protect mental health in this critical period. Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT), which is among the body-mind approaches, is also frequently used in the rehabilitation of patients with psychiatric disorders, pain, and chronic musculoskeletal system problems. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of BBAT on musculoskeletal disorders and psychological symptoms in university students who participated in the hybrid (online + face-to-face) education program during the COVID-19 pandemic. The importance of this study is that it is the first study on physical and psychological symptoms of BBAT in university students.

02

Conditions studied

  • University Students

Keywords

  • Basic Body Awareness Therapy
  • COVID-19
  • Musculoskeletal Pain
  • telerehabilitation
  • mental health
03

In context

COVID-19

7,775 studies on the registry are indexed under COVID-19; 482 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 60 is below the median of 100 across 4,175 interventional studies indexed under COVID-19.

Browse COVID-19 studies →

Lead sponsor

Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University is the lead sponsor of 69 studies on the registry; 18 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 25 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Being studying at Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
  • Volunteering to participate in the study
  • Being between the ages of 18-25

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having any diagnosed psychological disorder
  • Regularly doing body-mind approaches such as yoga and tai chi
  • Having any condition involving the musculoskeletal system
  • Having a rheumatic disease
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
60 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Basic Body Awareness Therapy Group

    BBAT exercises to the participants in the study group, were performed under the leadership of two physiotherapists with internationally valid training certificates. In the face-to-face training, BBAT exercises were taught to the participants. Then the training went on via Google Meet. The lying exercises were shown on one participant before each group study and participants were asked to do lying exercises at home. Sitting and lying exercises were performed as a hybrid at one hour/in a week for 12 weeks. At the beginning and end of each group training, feedback was received from the participants' own experiences of the effects of the exercises on the body, emotions, and thoughts.

    Other: Basic Body Awareness Therapy

  • No intervention
    Control Group

    The Control group was warned to continue with daily routines and not to take any training that includes body-mind approaches such as yoga or Tai chi for 12 weeks.

Interventions

  • OtherBasic Body Awareness Therapy

    Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT), which is among the body-mind approaches, is also frequently used in the rehabilitation of patients with psychiatric disorders, pain, and chronic musculoskeletal system problems.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ)

    The Turkish reliability and validity studies of the questionnaire developed by Cornell University were performed by Erdinc et al. The CMDQ measures the frequency of pain or discomfort in 11 different body parts in the past seven days, the severity of this situation, and its interference on the ability to work.For frequency in scoring the scale: "never: 0 points, 1-2 times last week: 1.5 points, 3-4 times last week: 3.5 points, once every day: 5 points, several times every day: 10 points are taken. For severity: slightly uncomfortable: 1 point, moderately uncomfortable: 2 points, very uncomfortable: 3 points. For the interference on the ability to work: not at all: 1 point, slightly interfered: 2 points, substantially interfered: 3 points. Higher scores mean a worse outcome.

    Time frame: Baseline

  2. Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ)

    The Turkish reliability and validity studies of the questionnaire developed by Cornell University were performed by Erdinc et al. The CMDQ measures the frequency of pain or discomfort in 11 different body parts in the past seven days, the severity of this situation, and its interference on the ability to work.For frequency in scoring the scale: "never: 0 points, 1-2 times last week: 1.5 points, 3-4 times last week: 3.5 points, once every day: 5 points, several times every day: 10 points are taken. For severity: slightly uncomfortable: 1 point, moderately uncomfortable: 2 points, very uncomfortable: 3 points. For the interference on the ability to work: not at all: 1 point, slightly interfered: 2 points, substantially interfered: 3 points. Higher scores mean a worse outcome.

    Time frame: 12th week

  3. Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) (53 items)

    Sahin \& Durak found that the inventory developed by Derogatis is valid and reliable in determining the psychological problems of university students. It has been stated that it is a useful inventory in screening studies of university students' mental health. It is a 53-item self-assessment inventory. BSI uses a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 ("not at all") to 4 ("extremely"). Higher scores mean a worse outcome

    Time frame: Baseline

  4. Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) (53 items)

    Sahin \& Durak found that the inventory developed by Derogatis is valid and reliable in determining the psychological problems of university students. It has been stated that it is a useful inventory in screening studies of university students' mental health. It is a 53-item self-assessment inventory. BSI uses a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 ("not at all") to 4 ("extremely"). Higher scores mean a worse outcome

    Time frame: 12th week

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
    Balıkesir, Turkey (Türkiye)
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Chen B, Sun J, Feng Y. How Have COVID-19 Isolation Policies Affected Young People's Mental Health? - Evidence From Chinese College Students. Front Psychol. 2020 Jun 24;11:1529. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01529. eCollection 2020. PubMed 32670172 ↗
  • Bravo C, Skjaerven LH, Espart A, Guitard Sein-Echaluce L, Catalan-Matamoros D. Basic Body Awareness Therapy in patients suffering from fibromyalgia: A randomized clinical trial. Physiother Theory Pract. 2019 Oct;35(10):919-929. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2018.1467520. Epub 2018 May 3. PubMed 29723080 ↗
  • Seferiadis A, Ohlin P, Billhult A, Gunnarsson R. Basic body awareness therapy or exercise therapy for the treatment of chronic whiplash associated disorders: a randomized comparative clinical trial. Disabil Rehabil. 2016;38(5):442-51. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2015.1044036. Epub 2015 May 8. PubMed 25955823 ↗
  • Yuce H, Kecelioglu S, Akcay B, Yilmaz FN. Effects of basic body awareness therapy via hybrid telerehabilitation on musculoskeletal and psychological symptoms in university students: A single-blind randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2026 Mar;39(2):477-490. doi: 10.1177/10538127251378088. Epub 2025 Sep 25. PubMed 40997245 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Mar 2021 to primary completion in Jun 2021, 3 months.

Of 1,295 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under COVID-19, half reached primary completion within 10 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 3 and three quarters within 20. This study's 3 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 1,425 studies reached it within 9 months; a quarter within 3 and three quarters within 19.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Mar 13, 2022
First posted
Mar 31, 2022
StartActual
Mar 11, 2021
Primary completionActual
Jun 11, 2021
CompletionActual
Oct 1, 2022
Last update
Feb 14, 2023
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 14, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05302453
Lead sponsor
Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University
Responsible party
Hamiyet Yuce (Assistant Professor, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Mar 31, 2022
Start date
Mar 11, 2021
Primary completion
Jun 11, 2021
Completion
Oct 1, 2022
Last update
Feb 14, 2023

Oversight

FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Feb 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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