An interventional study of Media Aware for Young Adults and Health Aware for Young Adults in Sexual Behavior, Sexual Assault and Violence, Domestic, sponsored by Innovation Research & Training. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 19 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-08-14.
Sponsored by Innovation Research & Training · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention
Among 134 studies in Sexual Behavior with a site in United States — 18 open to participants now, 22 under way, none of them phase 3. Sexual Behavior · United States.
Among the 134 studies in Sexual Behavior with a site in United States, this one is the 9th largest by enrollment of the 123 interventional ones, is one of 7 that started in 2021, is one of 104 with no phase, and was the 100th registered.
224 studies on the registry are indexed under Sexual Behavior; 30 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 2,184 is above the median of 264 across 179 interventional studies indexed under Sexual Behavior.
Browse Sexual Behavior studies →18 of the 134 studies in Sexual Behavior with a site in United States are open now, in 1 country. Each count lists the studies.
Of the 20 Sexual Behavior studies recruiting now, 5 (25%) set no upper age limit and 13 (65%) stop at 75 or younger; 8 take children under 18; 11 take healthy volunteers.
This study: 18 Years to 19 Years · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.
The full table on the hub →134 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.
First in 1992; this study’s year is marked. 7 started in 2021.
Median enrollment 300 across the 123 interventional studies, 481 across the 9 observational. Of the 105 that completed or were terminated, 31 (30%) have results posted.
4 of 134 have an industry lead sponsor. The 10 most frequent:
Innovation Research & Training is the lead sponsor of 14 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.
Innovation Research & Training has 4 studies filed under Sexual Behavior — fewer than ten, so there is no comparison to draw.
8 of the studies in Sexual Behavior with a site in United States that are under way reach primary completion within a year, 0 of them phase 3. Phase 3 first, then by date:
| Study | Primary completion |
|---|---|
| NCT05848570Hektoen Institute for Medical ResearchKeeping it LITE: Exploring HIV Risk in Vulnerable Youth With Limited Interaction and Digital Health Intervention | 2027-01 |
| NCT05011903Anne E RayIntegrative Alcohol and Risky Sex Feedback for College Students | 2027-01-31 |
| NCT05731713University of WashingtonJourney of Transformation Curriculum for Native American Youth | 2027-02-28 |
| NCT05018611University of California, Los AngelesDigital Limited Interaction Efficacy Trial of LifeSkills Mobile to Reduce HIV Incidence in YTW | 2027-02-28 |
| NCT07681908Center for Innovative Public Health Research#TranscendentHealth: A Text Messaging Pregnancy Prevention Program for Transgender Boys | 2027-06-30 |
Among the 134 studies in Sexual Behavior with a site in United States, from their registry updates:
Community college students are an underserved and at-risk population in terms of their sexual and relationship health. This is a three-arm randomized control trial to evaluate the long-term efficacy of a web-based sexual and relationship health promotion program among U.S. community college students (expected N = 2010) and explore the mechanisms underlying the program efficacy.
Community college students are an underserved and at-risk population in terms of their sexual and relationship health. One promising avenue for improving sexual decision making among this population is media literacy education (MLE). Though studies show MLE is an effective approach to sexual health promotion there is a need to better understand the mechanisms by which MLE programs impact health outcomes. The ultimate goals of this study are to 1) advance theoretical frameworks of media literacy to better understand the underlying mechanisms that lead to sexual health behavior change and 2) enhance the sexual and relationship health of community college students by identifying successful methods of health promotion and strategies to implement health programs at community colleges. This study is a three-arm randomized control trial (RCT) with 2010 community college students (ages 18-19) from 30 colleges across the U.S. All components of this study (i.e., interventions, surveys) are web-based.
Participating students will be randomized to one of three conditions: 1) students who receive a sexual health program grounded in MLE (Media Aware); 2) students who receive a sexual health program with no MLE; and 3) a wait-list control group. Participants will complete pretest, posttest, 6-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up surveys to examine changes across the three groups in our primary outcomes (e.g., risky sexual behavior) and secondary outcomes (e.g., sexual health knowledge, rape myth acceptance, perceived realism of media messages).
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Exclusion Criteria:
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This arm will receive Media Aware for Young Adults between the pretest and posttest questionnaire. Media Aware for Young Adults is a web-based sexual and relationship health promotion program that uses a media literacy education (MLE) approach. The program is self-paced and includes four modules.
Behavioral: Media Aware for Young Adults
This arm will receive Health Aware for Young Adults in between the pretest and posttest questionnaire. Health Aware for Young Adults is a web-based sexual and relationship health promotion program. The program contains the same health content as Media Aware for Young Adults but without the media literacy education components. The program is self-paced and includes four modules.
Behavioral: Health Aware for Young Adults
Participants in this condition will not receive a sexual or relationship health promotion program until after the 12-month follow-up survey. After that survey is complete, they will receive access to the Media Aware for Young Adults program.
Media Aware for Young Adults is a web-based sexual and relationship health promotion program designed for young adults that uses a media literacy education (MLE) approach.
Media Aware for Young Adults is a web-based sexual and relationship health promotion program designed for young adults.
Relationship Satisfaction
Relationship satisfaction will be assessed using 7-items (e.g., "How well does your partner meet your needs?") rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale from 1 (poorly) to 5 (extremely well); higher scores indicate greater relationship satisfaction; range = 1-5; higher scores indicate a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Relationship Satisfaction
Relationship satisfaction will be assessed using 7-items (e.g., "How well does your partner meet your needs?") rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale from 1 (poorly) to 5 (extremely well); higher scores indicate greater relationship satisfaction; range = 1-5; higher scores indicate a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Relationship Satisfaction
Relationship satisfaction will be assessed using 7-items (e.g., "How well does your partner meet your needs?") rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale from 1 (poorly) to 5 (extremely well); higher scores indicate greater relationship satisfaction; range = 1-5; higher scores indicate a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Perpetration
10-items (e.g., "I spoke to my partner in a hostile or mean tone of voice."); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4. \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Perpetration
10-items (e.g., "I spoke to my partner in a hostile or mean tone of voice."); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4. \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Perpetration
10-items (e.g., "I spoke to my partner in a hostile or mean tone of voice."); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4. \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Victimization
10-items (e.g., "My partner spoke to me in a hostile or mean tone of voice"); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4; \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Victimization
10-items (e.g., "My partner spoke to me in a hostile or mean tone of voice"); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4; \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Victimization
10-items (e.g., "My partner spoke to me in a hostile or mean tone of voice"); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4; \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Risky Sexual Behaviors
4-items (e.g., How many times have you had oral, vaginal, or anal sex with a casual partner?); Participants were asked to report how many times each behavior happened; higher scores indicate greater sexual risk taking. Responses were open-ended so while the lower limit of the range was assumed to be zero, there was no upper limit imposed on participants.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Risky Sexual Behaviors
4-items (e.g., How many times have you had oral, vaginal, or anal sex with a casual partner?); Participants were asked to report how many times each behavior happened; higher scores indicate greater sexual risk taking. Responses were open-ended so while the lower limit of the range was assumed to be zero, there was no upper limit imposed on participants.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Risky Sexual Behaviors
4-items (e.g., How many times have you had oral, vaginal, or anal sex with a casual partner?); Participants were asked to report how many times each behavior happened; higher scores indicate greater sexual risk taking. Responses were open-ended so while the lower limit of the range was assumed to be zero, there was no upper limit imposed on participants.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants That Used Protection at Last Oral Sex
1-item ("Did you use a condom and/or dental dam the last time you had oral sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to this item
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Percentage of Participants That Used Protection at Last Oral Sex
1-item ("Did you use a condom and/or dental dam the last time you had oral sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to this item
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants That Used Protection at Last Oral Sex
1-item ("Did you use a condom and/or dental dam the last time you had oral sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to this item
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Frequency of Use of Protection During Oral Sex
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of use of protection during oral sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom or dental dam when having oral sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent use of protection; Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to these items.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Frequency of Use of Protection During Oral Sex
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of use of protection during oral sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom or dental dam when having oral sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent use of protection; Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to these items.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Frequency of Use of Protection During Oral Sex
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of use of protection during oral sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom or dental dam when having oral sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent use of protection; Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to these items.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Frequency of Condom Use During Vaginal Sex
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during vaginal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having vaginal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Frequency of Condom Use During Vaginal Sex
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during vaginal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having vaginal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Frequency of Condom Use During Vaginal Sex
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during vaginal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having vaginal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Frequency of Birth Control Use
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of birth control use \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use one of the following forms of birth control? Birth control pills, The Shot (DepoProvera), The Patch, The Ring (Nuvaring), IUD (Mirena, Paragard, Skyla), The Implant (Implanon, Nexplanon), or other FDA approved methods."\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent birth control use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Frequency of Birth Control Use
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of birth control use \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use one of the following forms of birth control? Birth control pills, The Shot (DepoProvera), The Patch, The Ring (Nuvaring), IUD (Mirena, Paragard, Skyla), The Implant (Implanon, Nexplanon), or other FDA approved methods."\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent birth control use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Frequency of Birth Control Use
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of birth control use \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use one of the following forms of birth control? Birth control pills, The Shot (DepoProvera), The Patch, The Ring (Nuvaring), IUD (Mirena, Paragard, Skyla), The Implant (Implanon, Nexplanon), or other FDA approved methods."\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent birth control use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants That Used Contraceptive at Last Vaginal Sex
1-item ("Did you use any contraceptive method the last time you had vaginal sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to this item
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Percentage of Participants That Used Contraceptives at Last Vaginal Sex
1-item ("Did you use any contraceptive method the last time you had vaginal sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to this item
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants That Used Contraceptives at Last Vaginal Sex
1-item ("Did you use any contraceptive method the last time you had vaginal sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to this item
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Frequency of Condom Use During Anal Sex
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during anal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having anal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to these items.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Frequency of Condom Use During Anal Sex
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during anal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having anal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to these items.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Frequency of Condom Use During Anal Sex
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during anal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having anal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to these items.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants That Used a Condom at Last Anal Sex
1-item ("Did you use a condom during your last anal intercourse?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to this item
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Percentage of Participants That Used a Condom at Last Anal Sex
1-item ("Did you use a condom during your last anal intercourse?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to this item
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants That Used a Condom at Last Anal Sex
1-item ("Did you use a condom during your last anal intercourse?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to this item
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Perceived Realism of Media Messages
6-items (e.g., "People my age in the media…have sexual contact as often as average people my age"; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants think media is more realistic, indicating a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Perceived Realism of Media Messages
6-items (e.g., "People my age in the media…have sexual contact as often as average people my age"; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants think media is more realistic, indicating a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Perceived Realism of Media Messages
6-items (e.g., "People my age in the media…have sexual contact as often as average people my age"; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants think media is more realistic, indicating a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Perceived Similarity to Media Messages
7-items (e.g., "The things I do in my life are similar to what I see in the media"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater perceived similarity, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Perceived Similarity to Media Messages
7-items (e.g., "The things I do in my life are similar to what I see in the media"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater perceived similarity, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Perceived Similarity to Media Messages
7-items (e.g., "The things I do in my life are similar to what I see in the media"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater perceived similarity, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Identification With Media
3-items (e.g., "I want to do the things that people my age in the media do"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants identify more with media, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Identification With Media
3-items (e.g., "I want to do the things that people my age in the media do"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants identify more with media, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Identification With Media
3-items (e.g., "I want to do the things that people my age in the media do"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants identify more with media, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Media Skepticism
6-items (e.g., "The media are dishonest about what happens when people drink alcohol"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants have more media skepticism, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Media Skepticism
6-items (e.g., "The media are dishonest about what happens when people drink alcohol"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants have more media skepticism, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Media Skepticism
6-items (e.g., "The media are dishonest about what happens when people drink alcohol"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants have more media skepticism, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Gender Role Norms
6-items (e.g., "Raising children is primarily a woman's responsibility"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more traditional gender role norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Gender Role Norms
6-items (e.g., "Raising children is primarily a woman's responsibility"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more traditional gender role norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Gender Role Norms
6-items (e.g., "Raising children is primarily a woman's responsibility"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more traditional gender role norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Rape Myth Acceptance
13-items (e.g., "If a girl is raped while she is drunk, she is at least somewhat responsible for letting things get out of hand"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater rape myth acceptance, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Rape Myth Acceptance
13-items (e.g., "If a girl is raped while she is drunk, she is at least somewhat responsible for letting things get out of hand"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater rape myth acceptance, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Rape Myth Acceptance
13-items (e.g., "If a girl is raped while she is drunk, she is at least somewhat responsible for letting things get out of hand"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater rape myth acceptance, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Efficacy to Intervene as Bystander
5-items (e.g., "I could talk to a friend who I suspected is in an abusive relationship"); participants rate their confidence that they could do the action on a scale from 0-100; higher scores indicate greater bystander efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Efficacy to Intervene as Bystander
5-items (e.g., "I could talk to a friend who I suspected is in an abusive relationship"); participants rate their confidence that they could do the action on a scale from 0-100; higher scores indicate greater bystander efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Efficacy to Intervene as Bystander
5-items (e.g., "I could talk to a friend who I suspected is in an abusive relationship"); participants rate their confidence that they could do the action on a scale from 0-100; higher scores indicate greater bystander efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Intent to Intervene as Bystander
4-items (e.g., "Approach a friend if I thought they were in an abusive relationship and let them know that I am here to help"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to intervene as a bystander, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Intent to Intervene as Bystander
4-items (e.g., "Approach a friend if I thought they were in an abusive relationship and let them know that I am here to help"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to intervene as a bystander, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Intent to Intervene as Bystander
4-items (e.g., "Approach a friend if I thought they were in an abusive relationship and let them know that I am here to help"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to intervene as a bystander, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Sexual Health Knowledge
23-items (e.g., "True or False: You can tell if someone has an STI by looking at him/her"); For each item, participants who answer correctly will receive a "1" and participants who answer incorrectly will receive a "0"; items will be summed; higher scores indicate greater sexual health knowledge; range = 0-23 The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Sexual Health Knowledge
23-items (e.g., "True or False: You can tell if someone has an STI by looking at him/her"); For each item, participants who answer correctly will receive a "1" and participants who answer incorrectly will receive a "0"; items will be summed; higher scores indicate greater sexual health knowledge; range = 0-23. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Sexual Health Knowledge
23-items (e.g., "True or False: You can tell if someone has an STI by looking at him/her"); For each item, participants who answer correctly will receive a "1" and participants who answer incorrectly will receive a "0"; items will be summed; higher scores indicate greater sexual health knowledge; range = 0-23. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Attitudes Toward Risky Sexual Behaviors
5-items (e.g., "It is okay to…have sex with someone who has had many sexual partners"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Attitudes Toward Risky Sexual Behaviors
5-items (e.g., "It is okay to…have sex with someone who has had many sexual partners"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Attitudes Toward Risky Sexual Behaviors
5-items (e.g., "It is okay to…have sex with someone who has had many sexual partners"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Attitudes Toward Unprotected Sex
1-item \["It is okay to…have unprotected sex (not including when people are trying to get pregnant)"\]; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards unprotected sex; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Attitudes Toward Unprotected Sex
1-item \["It is okay to…have unprotected sex (not including when people are trying to get pregnant)"\]; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards unprotected sex; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Attitudes Toward Unprotected Sex
1-item \["It is okay to…have unprotected sex (not including when people are trying to get pregnant)"\]; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards unprotected sex; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Attitudes Toward Contraception/Protection
9-items (e.g., "It is wrong to use birth control"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more favorable attitudes towards contraception; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Attitudes Toward Contraception/Protection
9-items (e.g., "It is wrong to use birth control"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more favorable attitudes towards contraception; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Attitudes Toward Contraception/Protection
9-items (e.g., "It is wrong to use birth control"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more favorable attitudes towards contraception; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Attitudes Toward Communication With Partners and Medical Professionals
4-items (e.g., "Before deciding to have sex, people should…talk with their partner about HIV/AIDS and other STIs"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards communication, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Attitudes Toward Communication With Partners and Medical Professionals
4-items (e.g., "Before deciding to have sex, people should…talk with their partner about HIV/AIDS and other STIs"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards communication, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Attitudes Toward Communication With Partners and Medical Professionals
4-items (e.g., "Before deciding to have sex, people should…talk with their partner about HIV/AIDS and other STIs"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards communication, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Descriptive Norms of Unprotected Sex
1-item (e.g., "What percentage of people your age have had unprotected sex?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in the behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in unprotected sex; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Descriptive Norms of Unprotected Sex
1-item (e.g., "What percentage of people your age have had unprotected sex?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in the behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in unprotected sex; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Descriptive Norms of Unprotected Sex
1-item (e.g., "What percentage of people your age have had unprotected sex?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in the behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in unprotected sex; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Descriptive Norms of Risky Sexual Activity
5-items (e.g., "What percentage of people your age…have had oral, anal, or vaginal sex with someone who has not been tested for STIs or whose STI status is unknown?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in each behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in risky contraception use/protection practices; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Descriptive Norms of Risky Sexual Activity
5-items (e.g., "What percentage of people your age…have had oral, anal, or vaginal sex with someone who has not been tested for STIs or whose STI status is unknown?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in each behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in risky contraception use/protection practices; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Descriptive Norms of Risky Sexual Activity
5-items (e.g., "What percentage of people your age…have had oral, anal, or vaginal sex with someone who has not been tested for STIs or whose STI status is unknown?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in each behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in risky contraception use/protection practices; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Sex Refusal Self-efficacy
5-items (e.g., "I can easily say 'no' to someone who is pressuring me to have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater sex refusal self-efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Sex Refusal Self-efficacy
5-items (e.g., "I can easily say 'no' to someone who is pressuring me to have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater sex refusal self-efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Sex Refusal Self-efficacy
5-items (e.g., "I can easily say 'no' to someone who is pressuring me to have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater sex refusal self-efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Self-efficacy to Refuse Unprotected Sex
1-item ("I can easily say 'no' to sex if we do not have protection even if I really want to have sex with that person"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to refuse unprotected sex, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Self-efficacy to Refuse Unprotected Sex
1-item ("I can easily say 'no' to sex if we do not have protection even if I really want to have sex with that person"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to refuse unprotected sex, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Self-efficacy to Refuse Unprotected Sex
1-item ("I can easily say 'no' to sex if we do not have protection even if I really want to have sex with that person"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to refuse unprotected sex, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Self-efficacy to Use a Condom
1-item (e.g., "I can use a condom correctly or explain to my partner how to use a condom correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a condom, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Self-efficacy to Use a Condom
1-item (e.g., "I can use a condom correctly or explain to my partner how to use a condom correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a condom, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Self-efficacy to Use a Condom
1-item (e.g., "I can use a condom correctly or explain to my partner how to use a condom correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a condom, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Self-efficacy to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex
4-items (e.g., "I can discuss preventing STIs with my partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Self-efficacy to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex
4-items (e.g., "I can discuss preventing STIs with my partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Self-efficacy to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex
4-items (e.g., "I can discuss preventing STIs with my partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Risky Sexual Behavior Intentions
5-items (e.g., "In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will have oral, anal, or vaginal sex with a casual partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Risky Sexual Behavior Intentions
5-items (e.g., "In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will have oral, anal, or vaginal sex with a casual partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Risky Sexual Behavior Intentions
5-items (e.g., "In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will have oral, anal, or vaginal sex with a casual partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Intentions to Have Unprotected Sex
1-item ("In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will…have unprotected sex?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Intentions to Have Unprotected Sex
1-item ("In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will…have unprotected sex?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Intentions to Have Unprotected Sex
1-item ("In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will…have unprotected sex?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Intentions to Use a Condom
1-item (e.g., "If you were to decide to have sexual intercourse in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to use a condom?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to use protection/contraception, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Intentions to Use a Condom
1-item (e.g., "If you were to decide to have sexual intercourse in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to use a condom?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to use protection/contraception, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Intentions to Use a Condom
1-item (e.g., "If you were to decide to have sexual intercourse in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to use a condom?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to use protection/contraception, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Intentions to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex
6-items (e.g., "If you were to decide to engage in sexual activity with a new partner in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to…talk with a partner about HIV/AIDS or other STIs?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Intentions to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex
6-items (e.g., "If you were to decide to engage in sexual activity with a new partner in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to…talk with a partner about HIV/AIDS or other STIs?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Intentions to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex
6-items (e.g., "If you were to decide to engage in sexual activity with a new partner in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to…talk with a partner about HIV/AIDS or other STIs?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Willingness to Have Unprotected Sex
1-item (e.g., "Suppose you were with your boyfriend/girlfriend/partner. He/she wants to have sex, but neither of you have any form of protection. In this situation, how willing would you be to go ahead and have sex anyway?";); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Willingness to Have Unprotected Sex
1-item (e.g., "Suppose you were with your boyfriend/girlfriend/partner. He/she wants to have sex, but neither of you have any form of protection. In this situation, how willing would you be to go ahead and have sex anyway?";); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Willingness to Have Unprotected Sex
1-item (e.g., "Suppose you were with your boyfriend/girlfriend/partner. He/she wants to have sex, but neither of you have any form of protection. In this situation, how willing would you be to go ahead and have sex anyway?";); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Willingness to Engage in Risky Sexual Behaviors
5-items (e.g., "Suppose you wanted to have sex with someone but you did not know their STI status. In this situation, how willing would you be to have sex anyway?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Willingness to Engage in Risky Sexual Behaviors
5-items (e.g., "Suppose you wanted to have sex with someone but you did not know their STI status. In this situation, how willing would you be to have sex anyway?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Willingness to Engage in Risky Sexual Behaviors
5-items (e.g., "Suppose you wanted to have sex with someone but you did not know their STI status. In this situation, how willing would you be to have sex anyway?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Advertisement Deconstruction Skills
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to describe it in detail including noting marketing strategies and any missing information (e.g., How are advertisers trying to get someone to buy this product?). Qualitative responses to the questions are coded by trained project staff members once inter-coder reliability is established, and scores represent the extent to which participants identify the implied message of the advertisement. Range: 0-3. Higher scores indicate a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Injunctive Norms - Most People
3-items (e.g., "Most people believe that it is okay for people my age to have unprotected sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate riskier injunctive norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Injunctive Norms - Most People
3-items (e.g., "Most people believe that it is okay for people my age to have unprotected sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate riskier injunctive norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Injunctive Norms - Most People
3-items (e.g., "Most people believe that it is okay for people my age to have unprotected sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate riskier injunctive norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Injunctive Norms - Friends
1 item ("My friends think I should use protection when I have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky injunctive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Injunctive Norms - Friends
1 item ("My friends think I should use protection when I have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky injunctive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Injunctive Norms - Friends
1 item ("My friends think I should use protection when I have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky injunctive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Descriptive Norms - People Like me
1-item ("Most people like me use protection when they have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky descriptive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Descriptive Norms - People Like me
1-item ("Most people like me use protection when they have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky descriptive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Descriptive Norms - People Like me
1-item ("Most people like me use protection when they have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky descriptive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Frequency of Communication With Sexual Partner
1 item used to calculate change in frequency of sexual communication with a partner(s) \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you talk to your partner(s) about using condoms and/or other forms of contraception before engaging in sexual activity?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always); higher scores indicate more frequent communication, which is a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Frequency of Communication With Sexual Partner
1 item used to calculate change in frequency of sexual communication with a partner(s) \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you talk to your partner(s) about using condoms and/or other forms of contraception before engaging in sexual activity?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always); higher scores indicate more frequent communication, which is a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Frequency of Communication With Sexual Partner
1 item used to calculate change in frequency of sexual communication with a partner(s) \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you talk to your partner(s) about using condoms and/or other forms of contraception before engaging in sexual activity?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always); higher scores indicate more frequent communication, which is a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants That Communicated With a Doctor
1-item used to calculate change in whether participants communicated with a doctor about sex \["In the past month, had you talked to a doctor or other medical professional about sex, contraception, and/or relationships?"\]; participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0)
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Percentage of Participants That Communicated With a Doctor
1-item used to calculate change in whether participants communicated with a doctor about sex \["In the past month, had you talked to a doctor or other medical professional about sex, contraception, and/or relationships?"\]; participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0)
Time frame: 6-month follow-up
Percentage of Participants That Communicated With a Doctor
1 item used to calculate change in whether participants communicated with a doctor about sex \["In the past month, had you talked to a doctor or other medical professional about sex, contraception, and/or relationships?"\]; participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0)
Time frame: 12-month follow-up
Self-efficacy to Use a Dental Dam
1-item (e.g., "I can use a dental dam correctly or explain to my partner how to use a dental dam correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a dental dam, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: posttest (4-weeks after pretest)
Self-efficacy to Use a Dental Dam
1-item (e.g., "I can use a dental dam correctly or explain to my partner how to use a dental dam correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a dental dam, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 6 month follow-up
Self-efficacy to Use a Dental Dam
1-item (e.g., "I can use a dental dam correctly or explain to my partner how to use a dental dam correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a dental dam, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
Time frame: 12 month follow-up
| Milestone | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| Started | 551 | 508 | 588 |
| Completed posttest | 376 | 348 | 461 |
| Completed 6-month follow-up | 342 | 335 | 402 |
| Completed 12-month follow-up | 330 | 317 | 390 |
| Completed | 330 | 317 | 390 |
| Not completed | 221 | 191 | 198 |
Relationship satisfaction will be assessed using 7-items (e.g., "How well does your partner meet your needs?") rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale from 1 (poorly) to 5 (extremely well); higher scores indicate greater relationship satisfaction; range = 1-5; higher scores indicate a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Relationship Satisfaction | 4.22 ± 0.06 | 4.21 ± 0.05 | 4.29 ± 0.06 |
Relationship satisfaction will be assessed using 7-items (e.g., "How well does your partner meet your needs?") rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale from 1 (poorly) to 5 (extremely well); higher scores indicate greater relationship satisfaction; range = 1-5; higher scores indicate a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Relationship Satisfaction | 4.17 ± .07 | 4.23 ± .06 | 4.25 ± 0.08 |
Relationship satisfaction will be assessed using 7-items (e.g., "How well does your partner meet your needs?") rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale from 1 (poorly) to 5 (extremely well); higher scores indicate greater relationship satisfaction; range = 1-5; higher scores indicate a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Relationship Satisfaction | 4.22 ± 0.09 | 4.25 ± 0.07 | 4.22 ± 0.10 |
10-items (e.g., "I spoke to my partner in a hostile or mean tone of voice."); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4. \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Perpetration | 39 | 38 | 38 |
10-items (e.g., "I spoke to my partner in a hostile or mean tone of voice."); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4. \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Perpetration | 43 | 40 | 37 |
10-items (e.g., "I spoke to my partner in a hostile or mean tone of voice."); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4. \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Perpetration | 43 | 45 | 41 |
10-items (e.g., "My partner spoke to me in a hostile or mean tone of voice"); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4; \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Victimization | 38 | 38 | 36 |
10-items (e.g., "My partner spoke to me in a hostile or mean tone of voice"); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4; \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Victimization | 41 | 36 | 39 |
10-items (e.g., "My partner spoke to me in a hostile or mean tone of voice"); Participants were asked to rate how often these things happened with their current or ex-dating partner on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (often); higher scores indicate more frequent relationship violence; range = 1-4; \[Given lack of variability, this measure was dichotomized so 0 equals no violence and 1 equals any violence.\]
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With Relationship Violence Victimization | 45 | 46 | 39 |
4-items (e.g., How many times have you had oral, vaginal, or anal sex with a casual partner?); Participants were asked to report how many times each behavior happened; higher scores indicate greater sexual risk taking. Responses were open-ended so while the lower limit of the range was assumed to be zero, there was no upper limit imposed on participants.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Risky Sexual Behaviors | 0.36 ± 0.03 | 0.29 ± 0.02 | 0.33 ± 0.03 |
4-items (e.g., How many times have you had oral, vaginal, or anal sex with a casual partner?); Participants were asked to report how many times each behavior happened; higher scores indicate greater sexual risk taking. Responses were open-ended so while the lower limit of the range was assumed to be zero, there was no upper limit imposed on participants.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Risky Sexual Behaviors | 0.41 ± 0.02 | 0.40 ± 0.02 | 0.41 ± 0.02 |
4-items (e.g., How many times have you had oral, vaginal, or anal sex with a casual partner?); Participants were asked to report how many times each behavior happened; higher scores indicate greater sexual risk taking. Responses were open-ended so while the lower limit of the range was assumed to be zero, there was no upper limit imposed on participants.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Risky Sexual Behaviors | 0.45 ± 0.02 | 0.42 ± 0.02 | 0.43 ± 0.02 |
1-item ("Did you use a condom and/or dental dam the last time you had oral sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to this item
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Used Protection at Last Oral Sex | 19 | 17 | 17 |
1-item ("Did you use a condom and/or dental dam the last time you had oral sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to this item
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Used Protection at Last Oral Sex | 27 | 19 | 26 |
1-item ("Did you use a condom and/or dental dam the last time you had oral sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to this item
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Used Protection at Last Oral Sex | 26 | 20 | 21 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of use of protection during oral sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom or dental dam when having oral sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent use of protection; Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Use of Protection During Oral Sex | 1.73 ± 0.09 | 1.63 ± 0.07 | 1.75 ± 0.08 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of use of protection during oral sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom or dental dam when having oral sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent use of protection; Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Use of Protection During Oral Sex | 1.82 ± 0.09 | 1.76 ± 0.07 | 1.79 ± 0.08 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of use of protection during oral sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom or dental dam when having oral sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent use of protection; Only participants who indicated they had had oral sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Use of Protection During Oral Sex | 1.71 ± 0.09 | 1.76 ± 0.08 | 1.89 ± 0.09 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during vaginal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having vaginal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Condom Use During Vaginal Sex | 2.5 ± 0.11 | 2.43 ± 0.08 | 2.61 ± 0.10 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during vaginal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having vaginal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Condom Use During Vaginal Sex | 2.81 ± 0.08 | 2.75 ± 0.07 | 2.83 ± 0.08 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during vaginal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having vaginal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Condom Use During Vaginal Sex | 2.70 ± 0.10 | 2.79 ± 0.09 | 2.71 ± 0.08 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of birth control use \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use one of the following forms of birth control? Birth control pills, The Shot (DepoProvera), The Patch, The Ring (Nuvaring), IUD (Mirena, Paragard, Skyla), The Implant (Implanon, Nexplanon), or other FDA approved methods."\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent birth control use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Birth Control Use | 2.48 ± 0.10 | 2.47 ± 0.09 | 2.55 ± 0.11 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of birth control use \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use one of the following forms of birth control? Birth control pills, The Shot (DepoProvera), The Patch, The Ring (Nuvaring), IUD (Mirena, Paragard, Skyla), The Implant (Implanon, Nexplanon), or other FDA approved methods."\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent birth control use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Birth Control Use | 2.56 ± 0.11 | 2.81 ± 0.09 | 2.87 ± 0.10 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of birth control use \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use one of the following forms of birth control? Birth control pills, The Shot (DepoProvera), The Patch, The Ring (Nuvaring), IUD (Mirena, Paragard, Skyla), The Implant (Implanon, Nexplanon), or other FDA approved methods."\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent birth control use; Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Birth Control Use | 2.67 ± 0.12 | 2.83 ± 0.09 | 2.71 ± 0.11 |
1-item ("Did you use any contraceptive method the last time you had vaginal sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to this item
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Used Contraceptive at Last Vaginal Sex | 57 | 62 | 64 |
1-item ("Did you use any contraceptive method the last time you had vaginal sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to this item
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Used Contraceptives at Last Vaginal Sex | 51 | 62 | 62 |
1-item ("Did you use any contraceptive method the last time you had vaginal sex?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had vaginal sex responded to this item
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Used Contraceptives at Last Vaginal Sex | 54 | 63 | 62 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during anal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having anal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Condom Use During Anal Sex | 2.33 ± 0.24 | 1.94 ± 0.18 | 2.59 ± 0.25 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during anal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having anal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Condom Use During Anal Sex | 2.59 ± 0.25 | 2.35 ± 0.22 | 2.47 ± 0.19 |
3-items used to calculate change in frequency of condom use during anal sex \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you or your partner(s) use a condom when having anal sex?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always) and averaged for analyses; higher scores indicate more frequent condom use; Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to these items.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Condom Use During Anal Sex | 2.41 ± 0.24 | 2.46 ± 0.20 | 2.58 ± 0.21 |
1-item ("Did you use a condom during your last anal intercourse?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to this item
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Used a Condom at Last Anal Sex | 53 | 39 | 44 |
1-item ("Did you use a condom during your last anal intercourse?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to this item
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Used a Condom at Last Anal Sex | 47 | 38 | 39 |
1-item ("Did you use a condom during your last anal intercourse?"); participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0); Only participants who indicated they had had anal sex responded to this item
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Used a Condom at Last Anal Sex | 47 | 42 | 43 |
6-items (e.g., "People my age in the media…have sexual contact as often as average people my age"; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants think media is more realistic, indicating a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived Realism of Media Messages | 2.18 ± 0.03 | 2.30 ± 0.03 | 2.43 ± 0.04 |
6-items (e.g., "People my age in the media…have sexual contact as often as average people my age"; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants think media is more realistic, indicating a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived Realism of Media Messages | 2.27 ± 0.04 | 2.32 ± 0.04 | 2.36 ± 0.04 |
6-items (e.g., "People my age in the media…have sexual contact as often as average people my age"; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants think media is more realistic, indicating a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived Realism of Media Messages | 2.20 ± 0.04 | 2.33 ± 0.03 | 2.38 ± 0.05 |
7-items (e.g., "The things I do in my life are similar to what I see in the media"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater perceived similarity, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived Similarity to Media Messages | 2.04 ± 0.03 | 2.09 ± 0.02 | 2.17 ± 0.03 |
7-items (e.g., "The things I do in my life are similar to what I see in the media"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater perceived similarity, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived Similarity to Media Messages | 2.10 ± 0.03 | 2.11 ± 0.03 | 2.15 ± 0.04 |
7-items (e.g., "The things I do in my life are similar to what I see in the media"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater perceived similarity, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived Similarity to Media Messages | 2.05 ± 0.03 | 2.09 ± 0.03 | 2.16 ± 0.04 |
3-items (e.g., "I want to do the things that people my age in the media do"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants identify more with media, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Identification With Media | 2.38 ± 0.04 | 2.41 ± 0.03 | 2.40 ± 0.04 |
3-items (e.g., "I want to do the things that people my age in the media do"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants identify more with media, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Identification With Media | 2.35 ± 0.05 | 2.45 ± 0.04 | 2.38 ± 0.05 |
3-items (e.g., "I want to do the things that people my age in the media do"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants identify more with media, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Identification With Media | 2.41 ± 0.05 | 2.42 ± 0.04 | 2.49 ± 0.05 |
6-items (e.g., "The media are dishonest about what happens when people drink alcohol"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants have more media skepticism, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Media Skepticism | 3.13 ± 0.04 | 3.12 ± 0.03 | 3.02 ± 0.04 |
6-items (e.g., "The media are dishonest about what happens when people drink alcohol"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants have more media skepticism, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Media Skepticism | 3.13 ± 0.04 | 3.06 ± 0.03 | 3.00 ± 0.04 |
6-items (e.g., "The media are dishonest about what happens when people drink alcohol"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate participants have more media skepticism, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Media Skepticism | 3.06 ± 0.04 | 3.05 ± 0.04 | 3.04 ± 0.04 |
6-items (e.g., "Raising children is primarily a woman's responsibility"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more traditional gender role norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender Role Norms | 1.52 ± 0.03 | 1.46 ± 0.02 | 1.56 ± 0.03 |
6-items (e.g., "Raising children is primarily a woman's responsibility"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more traditional gender role norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender Role Norms | 1.52 ± 0.03 | 1.49 ± 0.03 | 1.54 ± 0.03 |
6-items (e.g., "Raising children is primarily a woman's responsibility"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more traditional gender role norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender Role Norms | 1.51 ± 0.03 | 1.49 ± 0.03 | 1.55 ± 0.03 |
13-items (e.g., "If a girl is raped while she is drunk, she is at least somewhat responsible for letting things get out of hand"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater rape myth acceptance, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rape Myth Acceptance | 1.48 ± 0.03 | 1.46 ± 0.02 | 1.52 ± 0.03 |
13-items (e.g., "If a girl is raped while she is drunk, she is at least somewhat responsible for letting things get out of hand"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater rape myth acceptance, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rape Myth Acceptance | 1.48 ± 0.03 | 1.46 ± 0.03 | 1.49 ± 0.03 |
13-items (e.g., "If a girl is raped while she is drunk, she is at least somewhat responsible for letting things get out of hand"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater rape myth acceptance, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rape Myth Acceptance | 1.47 ± 0.03 | 1.46 ± 0.03 | 1.48 ± 0.03 |
5-items (e.g., "I could talk to a friend who I suspected is in an abusive relationship"); participants rate their confidence that they could do the action on a scale from 0-100; higher scores indicate greater bystander efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Efficacy to Intervene as Bystander | 79.05 ± 1.07 | 79.67 ± 0.92 | 79.52 ± 1.30 |
5-items (e.g., "I could talk to a friend who I suspected is in an abusive relationship"); participants rate their confidence that they could do the action on a scale from 0-100; higher scores indicate greater bystander efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Efficacy to Intervene as Bystander | 77.23 ± 1.22 | 79.89 ± 1.04 | 77.55 ± 1.25 |
5-items (e.g., "I could talk to a friend who I suspected is in an abusive relationship"); participants rate their confidence that they could do the action on a scale from 0-100; higher scores indicate greater bystander efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Efficacy to Intervene as Bystander | 76.76 ± 1.26 | 79.06 ± 1.13 | 78.01 ± 1.28 |
4-items (e.g., "Approach a friend if I thought they were in an abusive relationship and let them know that I am here to help"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to intervene as a bystander, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intent to Intervene as Bystander | 3.31 ± 0.03 | 3.36 ± 0.03 | 3.30 ± 0.03 |
4-items (e.g., "Approach a friend if I thought they were in an abusive relationship and let them know that I am here to help"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to intervene as a bystander, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intent to Intervene as Bystander | 3.33 ± 0.03 | 3.33 ± 0.03 | 3.30 ± 0.03 |
4-items (e.g., "Approach a friend if I thought they were in an abusive relationship and let them know that I am here to help"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to intervene as a bystander, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intent to Intervene as Bystander | 3.33 ± 0.03 | 3.40 ± 0.03 | 3.29 ± 0.04 |
23-items (e.g., "True or False: You can tell if someone has an STI by looking at him/her"); For each item, participants who answer correctly will receive a "1" and participants who answer incorrectly will receive a "0"; items will be summed; higher scores indicate greater sexual health knowledge; range = 0-23 The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sexual Health Knowledge | 17.53 ± 0.18 | 17.29 ± 0.16 | 17.42 ± 0.19 |
23-items (e.g., "True or False: You can tell if someone has an STI by looking at him/her"); For each item, participants who answer correctly will receive a "1" and participants who answer incorrectly will receive a "0"; items will be summed; higher scores indicate greater sexual health knowledge; range = 0-23. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sexual Health Knowledge | 17.36 ± 0.18 | 17.48 ± 0.15 | 17.61 ± 0.20 |
23-items (e.g., "True or False: You can tell if someone has an STI by looking at him/her"); For each item, participants who answer correctly will receive a "1" and participants who answer incorrectly will receive a "0"; items will be summed; higher scores indicate greater sexual health knowledge; range = 0-23. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sexual Health Knowledge | 17.48 ± 0.19 | 17.53 ± 0.16 | 17.74 ± 0.20 |
5-items (e.g., "It is okay to…have sex with someone who has had many sexual partners"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Risky Sexual Behaviors | 2.22 ± 0.03 | 2.32 ± 0.03 | 2.25 ± 0.03 |
5-items (e.g., "It is okay to…have sex with someone who has had many sexual partners"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Risky Sexual Behaviors | 2.24 ± .03 | 2.30 ± 0.03 | 2.28 ± 0.04 |
5-items (e.g., "It is okay to…have sex with someone who has had many sexual partners"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Risky Sexual Behaviors | 2.26 ± 0.04 | 2.25 ± 0.03 | 2.20 ± 0.04 |
1-item \["It is okay to…have unprotected sex (not including when people are trying to get pregnant)"\]; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards unprotected sex; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Unprotected Sex | 1.96 ± 0.05 | 2.07 ± 0.05 | 2.04 ± 0.05 |
1-item \["It is okay to…have unprotected sex (not including when people are trying to get pregnant)"\]; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards unprotected sex; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Unprotected Sex | 1.98 ± 0.06 | 2.06 ± 0.05 | 1.98 ± 0.05 |
1-item \["It is okay to…have unprotected sex (not including when people are trying to get pregnant)"\]; rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards unprotected sex; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Unprotected Sex | 2.05 ± 0.06 | 2.06 ± 0.05 | 2.12 ± 0.06 |
9-items (e.g., "It is wrong to use birth control"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more favorable attitudes towards contraception; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Contraception/Protection | 3.44 ± 0.03 | 3.47 ± 0.02 | 3.42 ± 0.03 |
9-items (e.g., "It is wrong to use birth control"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more favorable attitudes towards contraception; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Contraception/Protection | 3.46 ± 0.03 | 3.46 ± 0.03 | 3.37 ± 0.03 |
9-items (e.g., "It is wrong to use birth control"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate more favorable attitudes towards contraception; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Contraception/Protection | 3.45 ± 0.04 | 3.42 ± 0.03 | 3.37 ± 0.04 |
4-items (e.g., "Before deciding to have sex, people should…talk with their partner about HIV/AIDS and other STIs"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards communication, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Communication With Partners and Medical Professionals | 3.45 ± 0.04 | 3.47 ± 0.03 | 3.47 ± 0.03 |
4-items (e.g., "Before deciding to have sex, people should…talk with their partner about HIV/AIDS and other STIs"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards communication, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Communication With Partners and Medical Professionals | 3.48 ± 0.03 | 3.50 ± 0.03 | 3.46 ± 0.04 |
4-items (e.g., "Before deciding to have sex, people should…talk with their partner about HIV/AIDS and other STIs"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate positive attitudes towards communication, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attitudes Toward Communication With Partners and Medical Professionals | 3.44 ± 0.03 | 3.48 ± 0.03 | 3.36 ± 0.04 |
1-item (e.g., "What percentage of people your age have had unprotected sex?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in the behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in unprotected sex; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive Norms of Unprotected Sex | 46.97 ± 1.40 | 52.95 ± 1.23 | 50.56 ± 1.54 |
1-item (e.g., "What percentage of people your age have had unprotected sex?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in the behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in unprotected sex; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive Norms of Unprotected Sex | 48.81 ± 1.46 | 53.90 ± 1.28 | 52.48 ± 1.52 |
1-item (e.g., "What percentage of people your age have had unprotected sex?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in the behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in unprotected sex; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive Norms of Unprotected Sex | 50.45 ± 1.54 | 54.28 ± 1.32 | 54.40 ± 1.57 |
5-items (e.g., "What percentage of people your age…have had oral, anal, or vaginal sex with someone who has not been tested for STIs or whose STI status is unknown?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in each behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in risky contraception use/protection practices; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive Norms of Risky Sexual Activity | 44.21 ± 1.15 | 49.26 ± 0.97 | 48.00 ± 1.23 |
5-items (e.g., "What percentage of people your age…have had oral, anal, or vaginal sex with someone who has not been tested for STIs or whose STI status is unknown?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in each behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in risky contraception use/protection practices; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive Norms of Risky Sexual Activity | 46.70 ± 1.10 | 50.37 ± 0.97 | 49.80 ± 1.27 |
5-items (e.g., "What percentage of people your age…have had oral, anal, or vaginal sex with someone who has not been tested for STIs or whose STI status is unknown?"); participants write in their estimate of what percentage of their peers are engaging in each behavior; higher scores indicate participants think more of their peers are engaging in risky contraception use/protection practices; range = 0-100. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive Norms of Risky Sexual Activity | 45.33 ± 1.29 | 49.11 ± 1.14 | 49.08 ± 1.31 |
5-items (e.g., "I can easily say 'no' to someone who is pressuring me to have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater sex refusal self-efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex Refusal Self-efficacy | 3.19 ± 0.03 | 3.14 ± 0.03 | 3.16 ± 0.03 |
5-items (e.g., "I can easily say 'no' to someone who is pressuring me to have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater sex refusal self-efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex Refusal Self-efficacy | 3.17 ± 0.04 | 3.20 ± 0.04 | 3.13 ± 0.04 |
5-items (e.g., "I can easily say 'no' to someone who is pressuring me to have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater sex refusal self-efficacy, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex Refusal Self-efficacy | 3.18 ± 0.04 | 3.20 ± 0.03 | 3.20 ± 0.04 |
1-item ("I can easily say 'no' to sex if we do not have protection even if I really want to have sex with that person"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to refuse unprotected sex, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Refuse Unprotected Sex | 3.19 ± 0.03 | 3.14 ± 0.03 | 3.26 ± 0.04 |
1-item ("I can easily say 'no' to sex if we do not have protection even if I really want to have sex with that person"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to refuse unprotected sex, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Refuse Unprotected Sex | 3.17 ± 0.04 | 3.20 ± 0.04 | 3.17 ± 0.05 |
1-item ("I can easily say 'no' to sex if we do not have protection even if I really want to have sex with that person"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to refuse unprotected sex, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Refuse Unprotected Sex | 3.18 ± 0.04 | 3.20 ± 0.03 | 3.29 ± 0.05 |
1-item (e.g., "I can use a condom correctly or explain to my partner how to use a condom correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a condom, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Use a Condom | 3.28 ± 0.05 | 3.23 ± 0.04 | 3.27 ± 0.04 |
1-item (e.g., "I can use a condom correctly or explain to my partner how to use a condom correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a condom, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Use a Condom | 3.27 ± 0.05 | 3.25 ± 0.04 | 3.27 ± 0.05 |
1-item (e.g., "I can use a condom correctly or explain to my partner how to use a condom correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a condom, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Use a Condom | 3.29 ± 0.04 | 3.32 ± 0.04 | 3.23 ± 0.05 |
4-items (e.g., "I can discuss preventing STIs with my partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex | 3.35 ± 0.03 | 3.35 ± 0.03 | 3.35 ± 0.03 |
4-items (e.g., "I can discuss preventing STIs with my partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex | 3.35 ± 0.03 | 3.34 ± 0.03 | 3.32 ± 0.03 |
4-items (e.g., "I can discuss preventing STIs with my partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex | 3.36 ± 0.03 | 3.42 ± 0.03 | 3.34 ± 0.03 |
5-items (e.g., "In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will have oral, anal, or vaginal sex with a casual partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Risky Sexual Behavior Intentions | 1.79 ± 0.03 | 1.80 ± 0.03 | 1.79 ± 0.04 |
5-items (e.g., "In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will have oral, anal, or vaginal sex with a casual partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Risky Sexual Behavior Intentions | 1.79 ± 0.04 | 1.80 ± 0.04 | 1.86 ± 0.04 |
5-items (e.g., "In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will have oral, anal, or vaginal sex with a casual partner"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Risky Sexual Behavior Intentions | 1.78 ± 0.04 | 1.82 ± 0.04 | 1.90 ± 0.04 |
1-item ("In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will…have unprotected sex?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intentions to Have Unprotected Sex | 1.88 ± 0.05 | 1.96 ± 0.04 | 1.91 ± 0.05 |
1-item ("In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will…have unprotected sex?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intentions to Have Unprotected Sex | 1.92 ± 0.05 | 2.03 ± 0.05 | 1.96 ± 0.05 |
1-item ("In the next 6 months, how likely is it that you will…have unprotected sex?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intentions to Have Unprotected Sex | 1.98 ± 0.06 | 1.98 ± 0.06 | 2.08 ± 0.06 |
1-item (e.g., "If you were to decide to have sexual intercourse in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to use a condom?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to use protection/contraception, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intentions to Use a Condom | 3.22 ± 0.05 | 3.16 ± 0.04 | 3.22 ± 0.05 |
1-item (e.g., "If you were to decide to have sexual intercourse in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to use a condom?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to use protection/contraception, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intentions to Use a Condom | 3.25 ± 0.06 | 3.10 ± 0.05 | 3.21 ± 0.05 |
1-item (e.g., "If you were to decide to have sexual intercourse in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to use a condom?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to use protection/contraception, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intentions to Use a Condom | 3.10 ± 0.06 | 3.15 ± 0.05 | 3.07 ± 0.06 |
6-items (e.g., "If you were to decide to engage in sexual activity with a new partner in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to…talk with a partner about HIV/AIDS or other STIs?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intentions to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex | 3.07 ± 0.03 | 3.09 ± 0.03 | 3.13 ± 0.04 |
6-items (e.g., "If you were to decide to engage in sexual activity with a new partner in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to…talk with a partner about HIV/AIDS or other STIs?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intentions to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex | 3.11 ± 0.04 | 3.06 ± 0.04 | 3.09 ± 0.04 |
6-items (e.g., "If you were to decide to engage in sexual activity with a new partner in the next 6 months, how likely would you be to…talk with a partner about HIV/AIDS or other STIs?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (not at all likely) to 4 (extremely likely); higher scores indicate greater intentions to communicate, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intentions to Communicate With Partners and Medical Professionals About Sex | 3.05 ± 0.05 | 3.13 ± 0.04 | 3.12 ± 0.04 |
1-item (e.g., "Suppose you were with your boyfriend/girlfriend/partner. He/she wants to have sex, but neither of you have any form of protection. In this situation, how willing would you be to go ahead and have sex anyway?";); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Willingness to Have Unprotected Sex | 2.28 ± 0.04 | 2.37 ± 0.04 | 2.24 ± 0.05 |
1-item (e.g., "Suppose you were with your boyfriend/girlfriend/partner. He/she wants to have sex, but neither of you have any form of protection. In this situation, how willing would you be to go ahead and have sex anyway?";); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Willingness to Have Unprotected Sex | 2.24 ± 0.05 | 2.41 ± 0.04 | 2.34 ± 0.05 |
1-item (e.g., "Suppose you were with your boyfriend/girlfriend/partner. He/she wants to have sex, but neither of you have any form of protection. In this situation, how willing would you be to go ahead and have sex anyway?";); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to have unprotected sex, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Willingness to Have Unprotected Sex | 2.34 ± 0.06 | 2.38 ± 0.05 | 2.38 ± 0.05 |
5-items (e.g., "Suppose you wanted to have sex with someone but you did not know their STI status. In this situation, how willing would you be to have sex anyway?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Willingness to Engage in Risky Sexual Behaviors | 1.90 ± 0.03 | 1.94 ± 0.03 | 1.88 ± 0.03 |
5-items (e.g., "Suppose you wanted to have sex with someone but you did not know their STI status. In this situation, how willing would you be to have sex anyway?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Willingness to Engage in Risky Sexual Behaviors | 1.91 ± 0.04 | 1.95 ± 0.03 | 1.92 ± 0.03 |
5-items (e.g., "Suppose you wanted to have sex with someone but you did not know their STI status. In this situation, how willing would you be to have sex anyway?"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (very unwilling) to 4 (very willing); higher scores indicate greater willingness to engage in risky sexual behaviors, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Willingness to Engage in Risky Sexual Behaviors | 1.93 ± 0.03 | 1.90 ± 0.03 | 1.89 ± 0.03 |
Participants are shown an advertisement and asked to describe it in detail including noting marketing strategies and any missing information (e.g., How are advertisers trying to get someone to buy this product?). Qualitative responses to the questions are coded by trained project staff members once inter-coder reliability is established, and scores represent the extent to which participants identify the implied message of the advertisement. Range: 0-3. Higher scores indicate a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Advertisement Deconstruction Skills | 1.45 ± 0.05 | 1.36 ± 0.05 | 1.20 ± 0.07 |
3-items (e.g., "Most people believe that it is okay for people my age to have unprotected sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate riskier injunctive norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Injunctive Norms - Most People | 2.16 ± 0.05 | 2.16 ± 0.04 | 2.15 ± 0.05 |
3-items (e.g., "Most people believe that it is okay for people my age to have unprotected sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate riskier injunctive norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Injunctive Norms - Most People | 2.26 ± 0.05 | 2.25 ± 0.04 | 2.20 ± 0.05 |
3-items (e.g., "Most people believe that it is okay for people my age to have unprotected sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate riskier injunctive norms, which is a less favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Injunctive Norms - Most People | 2.25 ± 0.06 | 2.24 ± 0.05 | 2.27 ± 0.06 |
1 item ("My friends think I should use protection when I have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky injunctive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Injunctive Norms - Friends | 3.27 ± 0.04 | 3.31 ± 0.04 | 3.35 ± 0.04 |
1 item ("My friends think I should use protection when I have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky injunctive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Injunctive Norms - Friends | 3.30 ± 0.06 | 3.30 ± 0.05 | 3.32 ± 0.05 |
1 item ("My friends think I should use protection when I have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky injunctive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Injunctive Norms - Friends | 3.29 ± 0.05 | 3.30 ± 0.04 | 3.30 ± 0.05 |
1-item ("Most people like me use protection when they have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky descriptive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive Norms - People Like me | 3.15 ± 0.04 | 3.12 ± 0.04 | 3.14 ± 0.04 |
1-item ("Most people like me use protection when they have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky descriptive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive Norms - People Like me | 3.21 ± 0.05 | 3.13 ± 0.04 | 3.11 ± 0.04 |
1-item ("Most people like me use protection when they have sex"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores less risky descriptive norms, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive Norms - People Like me | 3.16 ± 0.05 | 3.15 ± 0.04 | 3.14 ± 0.05 |
1 item used to calculate change in frequency of sexual communication with a partner(s) \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you talk to your partner(s) about using condoms and/or other forms of contraception before engaging in sexual activity?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always); higher scores indicate more frequent communication, which is a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Communication With Sexual Partner | 2.72 ± 0.09 | 2.81 ± 0.08 | 2.81 ± 0.09 |
1 item used to calculate change in frequency of sexual communication with a partner(s) \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you talk to your partner(s) about using condoms and/or other forms of contraception before engaging in sexual activity?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always); higher scores indicate more frequent communication, which is a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Communication With Sexual Partner | 3.22 ± 0.07 | 3.13 ± 0.06 | 3.14 ± 0.07 |
1 item used to calculate change in frequency of sexual communication with a partner(s) \[e.g., "In the past month, how often did you talk to your partner(s) about using condoms and/or other forms of contraception before engaging in sexual activity?"\]; items rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (never) to 4 (always); higher scores indicate more frequent communication, which is a more favorable outcome. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Communication With Sexual Partner | 3.21 ± 0.08 | 3.17 ± 0.07 | 3.11 ± 0.08 |
1-item used to calculate change in whether participants communicated with a doctor about sex \["In the past month, had you talked to a doctor or other medical professional about sex, contraception, and/or relationships?"\]; participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0)
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Communicated With a Doctor | 23 | 20 | 28 |
1-item used to calculate change in whether participants communicated with a doctor about sex \["In the past month, had you talked to a doctor or other medical professional about sex, contraception, and/or relationships?"\]; participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0)
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Communicated With a Doctor | 51 | 55 | 53 |
1 item used to calculate change in whether participants communicated with a doctor about sex \["In the past month, had you talked to a doctor or other medical professional about sex, contraception, and/or relationships?"\]; participants answered "yes" (1) or "no" (0)
| percentage of participants | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants That Communicated With a Doctor | 54 | 57 | 54 |
1-item (e.g., "I can use a dental dam correctly or explain to my partner how to use a dental dam correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a dental dam, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Use a Dental Dam | 2.46 ± 0.05 | 2.22 ± 0.04 | 2.40 ± 0.07 |
1-item (e.g., "I can use a dental dam correctly or explain to my partner how to use a dental dam correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a dental dam, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Use a Dental Dam | 2.43 ± 0.06 | 2.26 ± 0.05 | 2.40 ± 0.06 |
1-item (e.g., "I can use a dental dam correctly or explain to my partner how to use a dental dam correctly"); rated on a 4-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree); higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy to use a dental dam, which is a more favorable outcome; range = 1-4. The overall number of participants analyzed in each Arm/Group includes all participants who completed pretest. Posttest data was imputed for participants that were present at pretest but not at posttest.
| score on a scale | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Active Comparator: Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-efficacy to Use a Dental Dam | 2.45 ± 0.06 | 2.37 ± 0.05 | 2.32 ± 0.06 |
Collected over Adverse event data was collected from pretest to last follow-up completion: approximately 12 months. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | 0/551 (0%) | 0/551 (0%) | 0/551 (0%) |
| Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults | 0/508 (0%) | 0/508 (0%) | 0/508 (0%) |
| Delayed Intervention Control | 0/588 (0%) | 0/588 (0%) | 0/588 (0%) |
| Age, Categorical(Participants) | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <=18 years | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Between 18 and 65 years | 551 | 508 | 588 | 1647 |
| >=65 years | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Age, Continuous(years) | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 18.50 ± 0.5 | 18.51 ± 0.5 | 18.45 ± 0.5 | 18.49 ± 0.5 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 341 | 318 | 338 | 997 |
| Male | 171 | 172 | 206 | 549 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hispanic or Latino | 132 | 181 | 213 | 526 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 419 | 327 | 375 | 1121 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 8 | 8 | 19 | 35 |
| Asian | 110 | 27 | 44 | 181 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 5 | 5 | 6 | 16 |
| Black or African American | 77 | 56 | 66 | 199 |
| White | 242 | 335 | 323 | 900 |
| More than one race | 63 | 32 | 63 | 158 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 46 | 45 | 67 | 158 |
| Region of Enrollment(participants) | Intervention - Media Aware for Young Adults | Active Control - Health Aware for Young Adults | Delayed Intervention Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 551 | 508 | 588 | 1647 |
PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.
Plan to share: No
Ran from Jul 2021 to primary completion in Mar 2024, 32 months.
Results were first posted in Aug 2025, 1 year 4 months after primary completion.
Of 106 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Sexual Behavior, half reached primary completion within 27 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 11 and three quarters within 47. This study's 32 months is above that.
Counting every sponsor, half of 107 studies reached it within 23 months; a quarter within 11 and three quarters within 47.
How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.
This study is completed, as verified in Jul 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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