CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT04819009Updated Jan 31, 2024

Can the Enhanced Transtheoretical Model Intervention (ETMI) be Implemented in a Public Health Organization

An observational study in Low Back Pain, sponsored by Ariel University. Completed at 1 site in Israel. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-01-31.

Sponsored by Ariel University · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
1,463
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The aim of this study is to assess whether the ETMI method can be implemented among primary care practitioners in the central district of Maccabi Health Services and examine whether it provides a medical and economic advantage.

Read the detailed description

An implementation study- a prospective cohort study with pre- and post-intervention by retrieving economic and therapeutic outcome data from MHS databases. The intervention group will be the Central District of MHS, among 220 primary care practitioners (100 Physicians and 120 physiotherapists) and their patients (n=7,000) who suffer from back pain and receive treatment. We will investigate the relationship between the care received and outcomes in terms of healthcare utilization, costs, and patient-relevant outcomes.

02

Conditions studied

  • Low Back Pain

Keywords

  • Low Back Pain
  • implementation study
  • Enhanced Transtheoretical Model Intervention
  • Public Health
03

In context

Back Pain

2,373 studies on the registry are indexed under Back Pain; 284 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 1,463 is above the median of 100 across 357 observational studies indexed under Back Pain.

Browse Back Pain studies →

Lead sponsor

Ariel University is the lead sponsor of 29 studies on the registry; 7 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

220 primary care practitioners (100 Physicians and 120 physiotherapists) and their patients (n=7,000) who suffer from back pain and receive treatment.

Inclusion criteria

  • primary care practitioners and their patients, who suffer from back pain and receive treatment.
  • patients who suffer from back pain and receive treatment with or without leg radiation

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • no
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
1,463 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Central District

    The ETMI method will be implemented in this group

    Other: the Enhanced Transtheoretical Model Intervention (ETMI)

  • North District

    control

  • Hasharon District

    control

  • South District

    control

  • Jerusalem and Hasfhela District

    control

Interventions

  • Otherthe Enhanced Transtheoretical Model Intervention (ETMI)

    ETMI consists of a physical and functional examination, a discussion about the role of physical activity matched to the patient stage of change, and guided through motivational interviewing techniques, exposure to fast walking, and goal setting. The patient receives a postcard outlining the main messages about physical activity and four simple stretches. The ETMI method consists of four parts: 1. Creating a therapeutic alliance (communication skills and reassurance) 2. Clear messages to the patient: Mandatory 3 sentences: (1." physical activity is the only thing that will help your back pain over time." 2. "It's easy to reduce your pain now - but the important thing is to prevent the next episode"," 3. "Your body must be strong and flexible.") 3. Exposure to brisk walking (brisk walking in the corridor, hand by hand with the therapist) and graded activity. 4. Postcard with reminder messages on how to self manage the back.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. ETMI Code

    Time frame: baseline

Secondary outcomes

  1. Lumbar Computerized Adaptive Test (LCAT)

    LCAT is a computerized adaptive test, meaning that the administration selects items from the item bank one at a time based on an administrative algorithm. The final calculated functional score ranges on a linear scale of 0-100, higher measures representing higher function. Additionally, the system predicts a risk-adjusted functional score at discharge. The adjusting is on: functional score at admission, age, sex, chronicity as number of days from onset of the treated condition, number of related surgeries, exercise history and use of medication to treat LBP.MCID for the LCAT is 3-9 points depending on the first score. LCAT has been tested for validity by comparing it to the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire and has a high level of reliability in the English version (α = 0.92).Several studies have been published using the LCAT's Hebrew version.

    Time frame: baseline

Other outcomes

  1. Economic variables and therapeutic results

    Number of primary care clinician appointments

    Time frame: baseline

  2. Numeric Pain Rate Scale (NPRS)

    The patient is asked to rate his pain intensity in the last 24 hours on a scale of 0-10 (10=severest pain)

    Time frame: baseline

  3. Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FABQ)

    It is a modification to the original version, allowing for the assessment using an Item Response Theory-based measures replacing the summative methods. The later version consists of three items, scoring 0-100, with 100 representing higher fear-avoidance, and 44 being a cut-off point between high and low values

    Time frame: baseline

  4. Economic variables and therapeutic results

    Number of orthopedic clinician appointments

    Time frame: baseline

  5. Economic variables and therapeutic results

    Number of physiotherapy appointments

    Time frame: baseline

  6. Economic variables and therapeutic results

    Anti-inflammatory drug dosage

    Time frame: baseline

  7. Economic variables and therapeutic results

    Number of imaging tests

    Time frame: baseline

  8. Economic variables and therapeutic results

    Number of surgeries and procedures

    Time frame: baseline

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Ariel University
    Ariel, 40700, Israel
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Ben-Ami N, Chodick G, Mirovsky Y, Pincus T, Shapiro Y. Increasing Recreational Physical Activity in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Pragmatic Controlled Clinical Trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2017 Feb;47(2):57-66. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2017.7057. PubMed 28142364 ↗
  • Canaway A, Pincus T, Underwood M, Shapiro Y, Chodick G, Ben-Ami N. Is an enhanced behaviour change intervention cost-effective compared with physiotherapy for patients with chronic low back pain? Results from a multicentre trial in Israel. BMJ Open. 2018 Apr 10;8(4):e019928. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019928. PubMed 29643158 ↗
  • Simoneau GG. 2017 JOSPT Award Recipients. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2018 May;48(5):348. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2018.0104. PubMed 29712542 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — the result of the study will be analyzed. a paper will be submitted to an international journal with study description including methods, examination protocol results.

Supporting information: Study protocol, Csr

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 31, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04819009
Lead sponsor
Ariel University
Collaborators
Maccabi Healthcare Services, Israel
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 26, 2021
Start date
Jan 1, 2022
Primary completion
Aug 30, 2023
Completion
Jan 2, 2024
Last update
Jan 31, 2024

Study contacts

Ron Feldman, PhD Candidate
principal investigator · Ariel University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jan 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion