CClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT04732052tDCS-RIADDUpdated Aug 12, 2026

The Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Adults With Developmental Disabilities

An interventional study of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Aggression, sponsored by Dr. Najat Khalifa. Recruiting at 1 site in Canada. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-12.

Sponsored by Dr. Najat Khalifa · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
60
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Aggressive behaviours are highly prevalent among people with developmental disabilities, both in community and inpatient or residential settings, with adverse consequences for the individuals involved and others. Some predictive factors, particularly impulsivity, are dynamic with neurobiological underpinnings, and as such amenable to change or neuromodulation using non-invasive brain stimulation techniques. With this in mind, we designed an experimental protocol to determine the efficacy of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) as a non-invasive brain stimulation technique to reduce impulsivity and aggression associated with developmental disability.

Read the detailed description

This study aims to assess the efficacy of anodal tDCS in modulating Rapid Response Impulsivity (RRI) and reducing incidents of aggression in people with developmental disabilities is residential or hospital settings. Using a single blind, parallel arms, randomized controlled trial design, adults (n=60) aged 18 to 65 with developmental disabilities, who have a history of impulsivity leading to aggression, will be randomised to receive either repetitive anodal or sham tDCS. Enrolled participants will receive either three treatment sessions of tDCS or sham tDCS. Behavioural and impulsivity will be measured before and immediately after treatment, one week, and one month after treatment end. Data will be analysed in SPSS using repeated measures ANOVA.

02

Conditions studied

  • Aggression

Browse trials for

03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Adults aged 18-64 years
  • Diagnosis of a developmental disability
  • History of one or more incidents of aggression in the last month
  • Consent to participate in the trial by the individual or their Substitute Decision Maker

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of epilepsy or seizures
  • History of acquired brain injury
  • Having metal in the brain/skull, e.g. splinters, fragments or clips
  • Having a cochlear implant
  • Having an implanted neuro-stimulator (e.g. direct brain stimulation, epidural/subdural stimulation, vagal nerve stimulation)
  • History of brain surgery of procedure
  • History of severe adverse reaction to tDCS
  • Having a cardiac pacemaker or intracardiac lines
  • Current alcohol or drug misuse
  • Having a sensitive scalp
04

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Participant)
Enrollment
60 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Active tDCS

    Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Soterix tDCS kit will be used to deliver the stimulation using two sponge electrodes soaked in a saline solution. The stimulation montage will comprise of left anodal Dorsal Lateral Prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) stimulation. The anodal electrode will be placed over the area corresponding to the left DLPFC (F5 of the EEG10-20 international system) and the reference (cathodal) electrode over the right supraorbital ridge. The active stimulation condition will use a constant current of 2mA, delivered via gradual increase and decrease over 10 seconds at the onset and offset of stimulation (current ramps), respectively. The duration a single tDCS session will be 20 minutes.

    Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

  • Sham comparator
    Sham tDCS

    Sham Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Soterix tDCS kit will be used to deliver the sham stimulation using two sponge electrodes soaked in a saline solution. The sham stimulation montage will comprise of left anodal Dorsal Lateral Prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) stimulation for 10s only. The anodal electrode will be placed over the area corresponding to the left DLPFC (F5 of the EEG10-20 international system) and the reference (cathodal) electrode over the right supraorbital ridge. The sham tDCS is identical to the active tDCS except that the current will be delivered only in the first 10 seconds, after which the stimulation will cease but with the electrodes still in place throughout the session. The duration of each sham tDCS session will be 20 minutes.

    Device: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

Interventions

  • DeviceTranscranial Direct Current Stimulation

    non-invasive brain stimulator

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Aggression

    To determine the effect of tDCS treatment on aggressive symptoms measured by The Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS); Total weighted scores range from 0-40, with a higher score indicating more aggressive behavior.

    Time frame: change from baseline one week and one month after the third tDCS session

Secondary outcomes

  1. Maladaptive behaviors

    Behavior Problems Inventory (BPI); The total frequency scores range from 0-120 and severity of self-injurious behaviour and aggression subscales from 18-54, with higher scores indicating higher frequency and severity

    Time frame: change from baseline one week and one month after the third tDCS session

  2. Intervention side effects

    Tracking potential side effects of tDCS/sham treatments using tDCS adverse effects questionnaire.

    Time frame: Up to 72hrs after the first, second, and third active or sham tDCS treatments.

  3. Trait Impulsivity

    Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11); The total scores range from 30 - 120, with higher scores indicating higher impulsivity.

    Time frame: Baseline

  4. Impulsivity

    To determine the effects of tDCS treatment on symptoms of impulsivity measured by the Stop Signals Task (SST)

    Time frame: change from baseline and the same day after the third tDCS sessions

  5. Treatment Acceptability

    Total scores on the tDCS Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire

    Time frame: Up to 72hrs after the third active or sham tDCS treatments.

06

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • Providence Care Hospital
    Kingston, Ontario K7L 4X3, Canada
    • Najat Khalifa, MD · Contact · nrk2@queensu.ca · +6135444900
    • Najat Khalifa, MD · Principal investigator
    • Andrew Bickle, FRCPC · Sub investigator
    • Jessica Jones · Sub investigator
    • Drury Andrew · Sub investigator
    • Khan Mohammad · Sub investigator
    Recruiting
07

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — All collected IPD including all IPD that underlie results in publication.

Supporting information: Study protocol, Sap, Icf

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04732052
Lead sponsor
Dr. Najat Khalifa
Responsible party
Dr. Najat Khalifa (Principle Investigator, Queen's University) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Feb 1, 2021
Start date
Sep 1, 2022
Primary completion
Sep 30, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2028 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 12, 2026

Study contacts

Najat Khalifa, MD
Contact
nrk2@queensu.ca
+6135444900
Andrew Bickle, MD
Contact
arb12@queensu.ca
Muhammad Ayub, MD
study chair · Queen's University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Interested in this study?

Eligibility is decided by the study team. Share this record with your doctor or contact the team directly.

Contact study team

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion