ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT04725461Updated Jun 17, 2025

Low Cost Socket for Lower Limb Amputees

An interventional study of Low cost lower limb prosthetic socket in Amputation, Amputation; Traumatic, Limb and Amputation, Traumatic, sponsored by Shirley Ryan AbilityLab. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 95 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-06-17.

Sponsored by Shirley Ryan AbilityLab · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 2 years 6 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Jul 2018, registered Jan 2021).
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
8
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years to 95 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this research is to test an investigational fabrication system for transtibial prostheses. This fabrication method will be tested for comfort and function to determine feasibility of use for amputees in developing countries.

To address the need for high quality and affordable prosthetic technology in developing countries, the investigators have developed a simplified socket fitting protocol using expandable rigid foam. The foam is formed by mixing small amounts of two liquid components, which typically expands to several times its original volume.

Read the detailed description

Millions of amputees in low-income nations lack access to prosthetic care. Conventional socket fabrication is complex, and the need for prosthetists is far greater than the throughput of existing clinician training programs. The first step in fitting a prosthetic limb is to fabricate the socket, which fits over the residual limb and acts as the interface between the residual limb and the prosthesis. The socket is the most custom component of the prosthetic system and must be comfortable to wear, easy to clean, and durable enough to withstand years of day-to-day use.

Simple and low-cost methods for socket fabrication and fitting would improve access to prosthetic care and could give many people in need their first opportunity to use a prosthesis. We have developed an easy-to-follow method that allows us to cast the limb in less than 30 minutes and finish the socket in 90 minutes, making it a practical choice for socket fitting in busy clinical settings, and where users are unable to return for multiple fittings. We have submitted a provisional US patent for our socket fabrication method.

We hypothesize that our novel method of fabrication for a low cost prosthesis can produce a device that has appropriate suspension, a comfortable interface, and requires little long term follow-up.

02

Conditions studied

  • Amputation
  • Amputation; Traumatic, Limb
  • Amputation, Traumatic

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03

In context

Amputation, Traumatic

112 studies on the registry are indexed under Amputation, Traumatic; 24 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 8 is below the median of 15 across 75 interventional studies indexed under Amputation, Traumatic.

Browse Amputation, Traumatic studies →

Lead sponsor

Shirley Ryan AbilityLab is the lead sponsor of 180 studies on the registry; 44 are open to participants now.

Of its 10 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 4 (40%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 95 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Unilateral transtibial amputees having had their amputation at least 6 months prior, so that they have a relatively stable conical residual limb shape and can ambulate independently
  • Currently has a well-fitting prosthesis- as defined by a self-reported Socket Comfort Score of at least a 6 out of 10
  • K2, K3, K4 level ambulators
  • Understands the English language

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Cognitive impairment sufficient to adversely affect understanding of or compliance with study requirements, ability to communicate experiences, or ability to give : The ability to understand and comply with requirements of the study is essential in order for the study to generate usable, reliable data. The ability to obtain relevant user feedback and informal discussion adds significant value to this study.
  • Significant other comorbidity: Any other medical issues or injuries that would preclude completion of the study (e.g stroke, pacemaker placement, etc), or that would otherwise prevent acquisition of usable data by researchers.
  • Bulbous residual limb shape causing inability to fit within system restrictions
  • Open wounds on the residual limb
  • Inability to understand the English language
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
8 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Low cost lower limb socket testing

    Fabrication and testing of a low cost lower limb prosthetic socket and ensure this socket has appropriate suspension, comfort and f unction for a transtibial amputee.

    Device: Low cost lower limb prosthetic socket

Interventions

  • DeviceLow cost lower limb prosthetic socket

    A pre-made 3D printed cylinder used as an outer shell is selected for each subject based on their measurements. The space between the residual limb and the outer shell will be filled with an expanding polyurethane foam (Foam IT 8, Smooth On Inc.) that conforms to the residual limb and bonds with the outer shell to form a strong and lightweight socket. The foam forms a smooth surface against the protective sheath; the socket is fully formed once the foam has hardened to the 3D printed cylinder. A prefabricated supracondylar suspension cuff made of Dacron or nylon, or a commercially available suspension sleeve may be will be applied to the prosthetic socket to aid in suspension. Commercially available components, including the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) transtibial polypropylene component system will be attached to the bottom of the socket to allow the patient to ambulate in the prosthesis.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Socket Comfort Score with Experimental Low Cost Socket

    The Socket Comfort Score will be used with the experimental low cost socket. This measure allows the subject to subjectively rate how comfortable they perceive their socket on a scale of 1 to 10, and will be administered pre and post physical outcome measures

    Time frame: Day 2

  2. Socket Comfort Score with Clinically Prescribed Socket

    The Socket Comfort Score will be used with the subjects clinically prescribed prosthetic system. This measure allows the subject to subjectively rate how comfortable they perceive their socket on a scale of 1 to 10, and will be administered pre and post physical outcome measures

    Time frame: Day 2

Secondary outcomes

  1. Four Square Step Test

    A clinical test of the ability to change directions while stepping.

    Time frame: Day 2

  2. L-Test of Functional Mobility

    The L Test is a timed ambulation over 20 meters, which includes two sit to/from stand transfers and three turns.

    Time frame: Day 2

  3. 2 Minute Walk Test

    Individual walks without assistance for 2 minutes and the distance is measured.

    Time frame: Day 2

  4. Amputee Mobility Predictor

    A questionnaire that measures the ambulatory potential of lower limb amputees. It requires the amputee to complete various tasks. Including sitting balance, reaching, transfers, sit to stand, and standing balance,

    Time frame: Day 2

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Shirley Ryan AbilityLab
    Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
08

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 17, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04725461
Responsible party
Laura Miller (Principal Investigator, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jan 26, 2021
Start date
Jul 6, 2018
Primary completion
Jan 11, 2024
Completion
Jan 1, 2025
Last update
Jun 17, 2025

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Jun 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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