CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT04648033ARCADIANUpdated Jan 29, 2026Results posted

Atovaquone With Radical ChemorADIotherapy in Locally Advanced NSCLC

A Phase 1 interventional study of Atovaquone Oral Suspension and Standard of care chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, sponsored by University of Oxford. Completed at 3 sites in United Kingdom. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-01-29.

Sponsored by University of Oxford · Phase 1, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 1
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
21
Allocation
Non-randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This is a phase I, open-label trial that will utilise a Time To Event Continual Reassessment Method (TiTE-CRM) to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of atovaquone in combination with concurrent CRT in NSCLC. Twenty evaluable participants will be recruited at three centres.

Read the detailed description

Twice daily oral atovaquone will be added to standard concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT): 66 Gy in 33 fractions, once daily, 5 days a week (Monday-Friday), with cisplatin (80 mg/m2 IV on days 1 and 22 of CRT) and vinorelbine (15 mg/m2 IV on days 1, 8, 22 and 29 of CRT). Whilst awaiting CRT to start, patients will receive two weeks (+/- 7 days) of oral atovaquone to ensure steady state is reached (after seven days). Patients will be allocated one of four dose levels: 450 mg, 600 mg, 675 mg or 750 mg (all doses PO BD). Atovaquone dose will be assigned as per the TiTE-CRM statistical model. The first two trial participants will receive 450 mg BD. In the absence of unacceptable toxicity, subsequent patients will be assigned doses up to and including 750 mg BD.

Hypoxia biomarker data will be collected at baseline (start of atovaquone run-in) and following two weeks (+/- 7 days) of atovaquone treatment. Atovaquone will then be continued without break for the duration of CRT, with the CRT schedule remaining constant for all patients at both centres. Assessment for Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs) will be from the first scheduled dose of atovaquone until three months after completion of CRT. The CT scan performed at the three-month follow up visit will be reviewed to collect tumour response data.

02

Conditions studied

  • Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
03

In context

Lead sponsor

University of Oxford is the lead sponsor of 794 studies on the registry; 117 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

A patient will be eligible for inclusion in this study if all of the following criteria apply:

  1. Histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of locally advanced NSCLC and selected for treatment with full dose radical concurrent CRT
  2. At least one measurable lesion greater than 2 cm maximal length in any direction on routine imaging (CT or PET-CT scan performed in the 60 days prior to consent)
  3. Male or female, age at least 18 years
  4. ECOG performance status 0 or 1
  5. Adequate pulmonary function tests for thoracic radiotherapy (FEV1 and TLCO, greater than 40 percent predicted)
  6. Haematological and biochemical indices within the ranges shown below:

    Bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN); ALT and/or AST ≤ 2.5 x ULN; Creatinine clearance ≥ 60 mL/min; Absolute Neutrophil Count ≥ 1.5 x 10*9/L; Platelets ≥ 100 x 10*9/L; Haemoglobin ≥ 90 g/L; INR ≤ 1.5

  7. The patient is willing and able to comply with the protocol scheduled follow-up visits and examinations for the duration of the study
  8. Written (signed and dated) informed consent and be capable of co-operating with protocol

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Pregnant or breast-feeding women, or women of childbearing potential unless effective methods of contraception are used
  2. Previous systemic chemotherapy or biological therapy within 21 days of commencing atovaquone treatment
  3. Treatment with any other investigational agent as part of a clinical trial within 28 days of study enrolment
  4. Previous thoracic radiotherapy
  5. Known previous adverse reaction to atovaquone or its excipients
  6. Active hepatitis, gallbladder disease or pancreatitis
  7. Impaired gastrointestinal function that may significantly alter absorption of atovaquone
  8. Concurrent administration of warfarin in the 14 days prior to starting atovaquone
  9. Concurrent administration of known electron transport chain inhibitors (e.g. metformin). A wash-out period prior to administration of atovaquone is required (e.g. 4 days for metformin).
  10. An additional cancer diagnosis that the treating clinician feels may significantly impact planned CRT treatment tolerability or treatment outcome
  11. Established diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis
  12. Established diagnosis of connective tissue disorder (e.g. scleroderma or systemic lupus erythematosus)
  13. Cardiac morbidity such as angina, myocardial infarction in the previous six months, unstable angina or uncontrolled hypertension, left ventricular failure or severe valvular disease
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 1
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Non-randomized
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
21 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Dose level 1 - 450 mg BD atovaquone + concurrent CRT

    Atovaquone: * Taken during an initial run in period (2 weeks +/- 7 days), then continued during standard of care chemoradiotherapy. * One of 4 dose levels is allocated to each patient by a TiTE-CRM statistical model which takes into account all toxicity data to date. * Dose levels - 450 mg, 600 mg, 675 mg or 750 mg (all doses PO BD). * Last dose atovaquone taken on the last day of radiotherapy. * Total duration of atovaquone treatment is 59 days (+/- 7 days), unless stopped earlier for toxicity or any other reason. Chemotherapy: * 2 x 21-day cycles. * 80 mg/m2 cisplatin on day 1 and 22 of chemoradiotherapy. * 15 mg/m2 vinorelbine on days 1,8, 22 and 29 of chemoradiotherapy. Radiotherapy: * 66 Gy in 33 fractions. * Delivered once daily, 5 days a week (Monday-Friday) for 6.5 weeks.

    Drug: Atovaquone Oral Suspension · Drug: Standard of care chemotherapy · Radiation: Standard of care radiotherapy

  • Experimental
    Dose level 2 - 600 mg BD atovaquone + concurrent CRT

    Atovaquone: * Taken during an initial run in period (2 weeks +/- 7 days), then continued during standard of care chemoradiotherapy. * One of 4 dose levels is allocated to each patient by a TiTE-CRM statistical model which takes into account all toxicity data to date. * Dose levels - 450 mg, 600 mg, 675 mg or 750 mg (all doses PO BD). * Last dose atovaquone taken on the last day of radiotherapy. * Total duration of atovaquone treatment is 59 days (+/- 7 days), unless stopped earlier for toxicity or any other reason. Chemotherapy: * 2 x 21-day cycles. * 80 mg/m2 cisplatin on day 1 and 22 of chemoradiotherapy. * 15 mg/m2 vinorelbine on days 1,8, 22 and 29 of chemoradiotherapy. Radiotherapy: * 66 Gy in 33 fractions. * Delivered once daily, 5 days a week (Monday-Friday) for 6.5 weeks.

    Drug: Atovaquone Oral Suspension · Drug: Standard of care chemotherapy · Radiation: Standard of care radiotherapy

  • Experimental
    Dose level 3 - 675 mg BD atovaquone + concurrent CRT

    Atovaquone: * Taken during an initial run in period (2 weeks +/- 7 days), then continued during standard of care chemoradiotherapy. * One of 4 dose levels is allocated to each patient by a TiTE-CRM statistical model which takes into account all toxicity data to date. * Dose levels - 450 mg, 600 mg, 675 mg or 750 mg (all doses PO BD). * Last dose atovaquone taken on the last day of radiotherapy. * Total duration of atovaquone treatment is 59 days (+/- 7 days), unless stopped earlier for toxicity or any other reason. Chemotherapy: * 2 x 21-day cycles. * 80 mg/m2 cisplatin on day 1 and 22 of chemoradiotherapy. * 15 mg/m2 vinorelbine on days 1,8, 22 and 29 of chemoradiotherapy. Radiotherapy: * 66 Gy in 33 fractions. * Delivered once daily, 5 days a week (Monday-Friday) for 6.5 weeks.

    Drug: Atovaquone Oral Suspension · Drug: Standard of care chemotherapy · Radiation: Standard of care radiotherapy

  • Experimental
    Dose level 4 - 750 mg BD atovaquone + concurrent CRT

    Atovaquone: * Taken during an initial run in period (2 weeks +/- 7 days), then continued during standard of care chemoradiotherapy. * One of 4 dose levels is allocated to each patient by a TiTE-CRM statistical model which takes into account all toxicity data to date. * Dose levels - 450 mg, 600 mg, 675 mg or 750 mg (all doses PO BD). * Last dose atovaquone taken on the last day of radiotherapy. * Total duration of atovaquone treatment is 59 days (+/- 7 days), unless stopped earlier for toxicity or any other reason. Chemotherapy: * 2 x 21-day cycles. * 80 mg/m2 cisplatin on day 1 and 22 of chemoradiotherapy. * 15 mg/m2 vinorelbine on days 1,8, 22 and 29 of chemoradiotherapy. Radiotherapy: * 66 Gy in 33 fractions. * Delivered once daily, 5 days a week (Monday-Friday) for 6.5 weeks.

    Drug: Atovaquone Oral Suspension · Drug: Standard of care chemotherapy · Radiation: Standard of care radiotherapy

Interventions

  • DrugAtovaquone Oral Suspension

    Atovaquone, cisplatin and vinorelbine are all considered Investigational Medicinal Products (IMPs) in this trial due to the investigation of these drugs in a novel combination. Patients will be allocated one of four doses of atovaquone: 450 mg, 600 mg, 675 mg or 750 mg (all doses PO BD).

    Also known as: Wellvone

  • DrugStandard of care chemotherapy

    Atovaquone, cisplatin and vinorelbine are all considered Investigational Medicinal Products (IMPs) in this trial due to the investigation of these drugs in a novel combination. Patients will receive two 21-day cycles of cisplatin and vinorelbine chemotherapy, comprising 80 mg/m2 cisplatin on days 1 \& 22 of their CRT treatment and 15 mg/m2 vinorelbine on days 1, 8, 22 \& 29.

    Also known as: Cisplatin, Vinorelbine

  • RadiationStandard of care radiotherapy

    Thoracic radiotherapy will commence on day one of chemotherapy and be delivered in 66 Gy in 33 fractions, once daily, 5 days a week (Monday-Friday) for 6.5 weeks.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of Dose Limiting Toxicities in Patients Taking Atovaquone in Combination With Radical Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

    To determine the maximum tolerated dose level (and therefore recommended phase II dose) of atovaquone when administered concomitantly with radical concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This is the dose of atovaquone associated with no more than 48% dose limiting toxicity (DLT) rate (target toxicity level).

    Time frame: From first dose of atovaquone to 3-month follow up visit (up to 25 weeks)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Severity of Worst Adverse Events Per Dose Level of Atovaquone Administered in Combination With Radical Concurrent Chemotherapy for NSCLC According to CTCAE V4.03

    Toxicity profile when atovaquone administered in combination with radical concurrent chemotherapy for NSCLC. Worst grade adverse event for each patient by dose schedule (according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, Version 4.03). Grade 1 (mild); Grade 2 (moderate); Grade 3 (severe or medically significant, but not immediately life-threatening); Grade 4 (life-threatening); Grade 5 (death).

    Time frame: From first dose of atovaquone until last follow up visit at 6 months post completion of CRT (up to 38 weeks)

  2. Number of Patients for Whom it Was Possible to Derive a Hypoxia Metagene Signature Score From 3'RNA-Seq of Genetic Material From Archival Tumour Samples

    To confirm feasibility of measuring hypoxia metagene signature using 3'RNA-Seq on genetic material extracted from diagnostic non-small cell lung tumour samples. The score method was derived by Buffa et al (Buffa et al. Large meta-analysis of multiple cancers reveals a common, compact and highly prognostic hypoxia metagene. Br J Cancer. 2010 Jan 19;102(2):428-35. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605450).

    Time frame: At baseline (diagnosis)

  3. Mean Baseline Tumour Hypoxia Level (TBRvol) Assessed by F18-FMISO PET-CT

    The level of hypoxia in patient tumours was calculated using the Tumour-to-Blood Ratio volume (TBRvol) assessed from the patient's baseline PET scan. This scan was conducted with 18F-labelled fluoromisonidazole (F18-FMISO) which has been shown to selectively bind to hypoxic cells and can be quantified with PET imaging (Koh, et al. Imaging of hypoxia in human tumours with \[F-18\]fluoromisonidazole. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1992;22(1)). Tumour outlining of the region of interest on each axial slice was conducted centrally for all patients in consultation with an experienced consultant radiologist and combined to give a volume of interest (VOI). The number of voxels in the VOI with a threshold regional tumor:plasma F18-FMISO ratio of greater than or equal to 1.4 were combined to give the TBRvol (above reference). Patients with a TBRvol at baseline of \<1.5mL were regarded as unevaluable for later endpoints, so are excluded from the report.

    Time frame: At baseline (prior to atovaquone treatment)

  4. Mean Baseline Plasma miR-210 Level Assessed Via TaqMan Quantitative PCR

    MicroRNA-210 (miR-210) has been found to be upregulated in response to hypoxia-inducing factors (Dang and Myers, The Role of Hypoxia-Induced miR-210 in Cancer Progression, Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol 16, 2015). Additionally, elevated serum levels of miR-210 are indicative of poor clinical outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (He, et al. Clinical Significance of miR-210 and its Prospective Signaling Pathways in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Physiol. Biochem. Int. J. Exp. Cell. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol., vol. 46, 2018). RNA was isolated from blood plasma and miR210 level detected using a two-step TaqMan quantitative PCR, using TaqMan probes for miR-210. An endogenous control miRNA (miR-16), plus an exogenous synthetic miRNA (cel-miR-39) were used for normalisation of miR210 counts. This endpoint was assessed in order to investigate a possible alternative to 18F-FMISO PET-CT scan for assessment of patients' tumour hypoxia level.

    Time frame: At baseline (prior to atovaquone treatment)

  5. Mean Percentage Change in Tumour Hypoxia Level Between Baseline and After Two Weeks (+/- 7 Days) of Atovaquone Treatment

    The level of hypoxia (Tumour-to-Blood Ratio volume, TBRvol) in patient tumours was calculated at baseline and following two weeks (+/- 7 days) of atovaquone treatment according to the details given in outcome measure 4. The mean percentage difference in TBRvol between the two timepoints at each dose level of atovaquone was calculated and is reported, below. Patients with a TBRvol at baseline of \<1.5mL were regarded as unevaluable as it would not be possible to evaluate a reduction in hypoxic volume between this timepoint and the later timepoint. These patients were excluded from the report.

    Time frame: Between baseline (prior to atovaquone treatment) and following two weeks (+/- 7 days) of atovaquone treatment (up to 21 days)

  6. Mean Percentage Change in Plasma miR-210 Level Between Baseline and After Two Weeks (+/- 7 Days) of Atovaquone Treatment, Assessed Via TaqMan Quantitative PCR

    The miR-210 in participant plasma samples was calculated at baseline and following two weeks (+/- 7 days) of atovaquone treatment according to the details given in outcome measure 5. The mean percentage difference in miR210 count between the two timepoints for each dose level of atovaquone was calculated and is reported, below. This endpoint was assessed in order to investigate a possible alternative to 18F-FMISO PET-CT scan for assessment of patients' tumour hypoxia level.

    Time frame: Between baseline (prior to atovaquone treatment) and following two weeks (+/- 7 days) of atovaquone treatment (up to 21 days)

  7. Objective Tumour Response to Treatment With Atovaquone in Combination With Chemoradiotherapy, as Evaluated by CT or PET-CT Scan and Quantified by RECIST 1.1

    Efficacy of the combination (atovaquone and chemoradiotherapy), measured by objective tumour response via RECIST 1.1 (Eisenhauer, et al. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 2009;45(2):228-247). Scale of response assessed as Progressive Disease (PD) (worst outcome), Stable Disease (SD), Partial Response (PR), Complete Response (CR) (best outcome).

    Time frame: At 3 months post completion of chemoradiotherapy (up to 25 weeks after first dose of atovaquone)

07

Results

Posted Nov 25, 2024

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneDose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT
Started32115
Completed32115
Not completed0000

Outcome measures

PrimaryNumber of Dose Limiting Toxicities in Patients Taking Atovaquone in Combination With Radical Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

To determine the maximum tolerated dose level (and therefore recommended phase II dose) of atovaquone when administered concomitantly with radical concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This is the dose of atovaquone associated with no more than 48% dose limiting toxicity (DLT) rate (target toxicity level).

Time frame:
From first dose of atovaquone to 3-month follow up visit (up to 25 weeks)
Reported as:
Number · Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs)
Number of Dose Limiting Toxicities in Patients Taking Atovaquone in Combination With Radical Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs)Dose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT
Number of Dose Limiting Toxicities in Patients Taking Atovaquone in Combination With Radical Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.0002
Statistical analysis
  • Dose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT vs Dose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT vs Dose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT vs Dose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT · Probability of dlt at dose level 4: 0.116 · 95% CI 0.032 to 0.26
SecondarySeverity of Worst Adverse Events Per Dose Level of Atovaquone Administered in Combination With Radical Concurrent Chemotherapy for NSCLC According to CTCAE V4.03

Toxicity profile when atovaquone administered in combination with radical concurrent chemotherapy for NSCLC. Worst grade adverse event for each patient by dose schedule (according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, Version 4.03). Grade 1 (mild); Grade 2 (moderate); Grade 3 (severe or medically significant, but not immediately life-threatening); Grade 4 (life-threatening); Grade 5 (death).

Time frame:
From first dose of atovaquone until last follow up visit at 6 months post completion of CRT (up to 38 weeks)
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Severity of Worst Adverse Events Per Dose Level of Atovaquone Administered in Combination With Radical Concurrent Chemotherapy for NSCLC According to CTCAE V4.03
ParticipantsDose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT
Worst AE: Grade 10010
Worst AE: Grade 21106
Worst AE: Grade 32106
Worst AE: Grade 40001
Worst AE: Grade 50002
SecondaryNumber of Patients for Whom it Was Possible to Derive a Hypoxia Metagene Signature Score From 3'RNA-Seq of Genetic Material From Archival Tumour Samples

To confirm feasibility of measuring hypoxia metagene signature using 3'RNA-Seq on genetic material extracted from diagnostic non-small cell lung tumour samples. The score method was derived by Buffa et al (Buffa et al. Large meta-analysis of multiple cancers reveals a common, compact and highly prognostic hypoxia metagene. Br J Cancer. 2010 Jan 19;102(2):428-35. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605450).

Time frame:
At baseline (diagnosis)
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Patients for Whom it Was Possible to Derive a Hypoxia Metagene Signature Score From 3'RNA-Seq of Genetic Material From Archival Tumour Samples
ParticipantsDose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT
Number of Patients for Whom it Was Possible to Derive a Hypoxia Metagene Signature Score From 3'RNA-Seq of Genetic Material From Archival Tumour Samples32011
SecondaryMean Baseline Tumour Hypoxia Level (TBRvol) Assessed by F18-FMISO PET-CT

The level of hypoxia in patient tumours was calculated using the Tumour-to-Blood Ratio volume (TBRvol) assessed from the patient's baseline PET scan. This scan was conducted with 18F-labelled fluoromisonidazole (F18-FMISO) which has been shown to selectively bind to hypoxic cells and can be quantified with PET imaging (Koh, et al. Imaging of hypoxia in human tumours with \[F-18\]fluoromisonidazole. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1992;22(1)). Tumour outlining of the region of interest on each axial slice was conducted centrally for all patients in consultation with an experienced consultant radiologist and combined to give a volume of interest (VOI). The number of voxels in the VOI with a threshold regional tumor:plasma F18-FMISO ratio of greater than or equal to 1.4 were combined to give the TBRvol (above reference). Patients with a TBRvol at baseline of \<1.5mL were regarded as unevaluable for later endpoints, so are excluded from the report.

Time frame:
At baseline (prior to atovaquone treatment)
Reported as:
Mean · TBRvol (mL)
Mean Baseline Tumour Hypoxia Level (TBRvol) Assessed by F18-FMISO PET-CT
TBRvol (mL)Dose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT
Mean Baseline Tumour Hypoxia Level (TBRvol) Assessed by F18-FMISO PET-CT282.4 (4.4 to 560.4)21.4 (NA to NA)—58.7 (2.6 to 162.0)
SecondaryMean Baseline Plasma miR-210 Level Assessed Via TaqMan Quantitative PCR

MicroRNA-210 (miR-210) has been found to be upregulated in response to hypoxia-inducing factors (Dang and Myers, The Role of Hypoxia-Induced miR-210 in Cancer Progression, Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol 16, 2015). Additionally, elevated serum levels of miR-210 are indicative of poor clinical outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (He, et al. Clinical Significance of miR-210 and its Prospective Signaling Pathways in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Physiol. Biochem. Int. J. Exp. Cell. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol., vol. 46, 2018). RNA was isolated from blood plasma and miR210 level detected using a two-step TaqMan quantitative PCR, using TaqMan probes for miR-210. An endogenous control miRNA (miR-16), plus an exogenous synthetic miRNA (cel-miR-39) were used for normalisation of miR210 counts. This endpoint was assessed in order to investigate a possible alternative to 18F-FMISO PET-CT scan for assessment of patients' tumour hypoxia level.

Time frame:
At baseline (prior to atovaquone treatment)
Reported as:
Mean · miR210 count (x10^3)
Mean Baseline Plasma miR-210 Level Assessed Via TaqMan Quantitative PCR
miR210 count (x10^3)Dose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT
Mean Baseline Plasma miR-210 Level Assessed Via TaqMan Quantitative PCR0.00146 (0.00142 to 0.00149)0.00219 (NA to NA)—0.00195 (0.00098 to 0.00451)
SecondaryMean Percentage Change in Tumour Hypoxia Level Between Baseline and After Two Weeks (+/- 7 Days) of Atovaquone Treatment

The level of hypoxia (Tumour-to-Blood Ratio volume, TBRvol) in patient tumours was calculated at baseline and following two weeks (+/- 7 days) of atovaquone treatment according to the details given in outcome measure 4. The mean percentage difference in TBRvol between the two timepoints at each dose level of atovaquone was calculated and is reported, below. Patients with a TBRvol at baseline of \<1.5mL were regarded as unevaluable as it would not be possible to evaluate a reduction in hypoxic volume between this timepoint and the later timepoint. These patients were excluded from the report.

Time frame:
Between baseline (prior to atovaquone treatment) and following two weeks (+/- 7 days) of atovaquone treatment (up to 21 days)
Reported as:
Mean · Percentage change in TBRvol
Mean Percentage Change in Tumour Hypoxia Level Between Baseline and After Two Weeks (+/- 7 Days) of Atovaquone Treatment
Percentage change in TBRvolDose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT
Mean Percentage Change in Tumour Hypoxia Level Between Baseline and After Two Weeks (+/- 7 Days) of Atovaquone Treatment-8 (-37 to 22)-15 (NA to NA)—-25 (-91 to 4)
SecondaryMean Percentage Change in Plasma miR-210 Level Between Baseline and After Two Weeks (+/- 7 Days) of Atovaquone Treatment, Assessed Via TaqMan Quantitative PCR

The miR-210 in participant plasma samples was calculated at baseline and following two weeks (+/- 7 days) of atovaquone treatment according to the details given in outcome measure 5. The mean percentage difference in miR210 count between the two timepoints for each dose level of atovaquone was calculated and is reported, below. This endpoint was assessed in order to investigate a possible alternative to 18F-FMISO PET-CT scan for assessment of patients' tumour hypoxia level.

Time frame:
Between baseline (prior to atovaquone treatment) and following two weeks (+/- 7 days) of atovaquone treatment (up to 21 days)
Reported as:
Mean · Percentage change in miR210 count
Mean Percentage Change in Plasma miR-210 Level Between Baseline and After Two Weeks (+/- 7 Days) of Atovaquone Treatment, Assessed Via TaqMan Quantitative PCR
Percentage change in miR210 countDose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT
Mean Percentage Change in Plasma miR-210 Level Between Baseline and After Two Weeks (+/- 7 Days) of Atovaquone Treatment, Assessed Via TaqMan Quantitative PCR53.0 (50.9 to 55.1)-42.5 (NA to NA)—15.1 (-33.0 to 91.7)
SecondaryObjective Tumour Response to Treatment With Atovaquone in Combination With Chemoradiotherapy, as Evaluated by CT or PET-CT Scan and Quantified by RECIST 1.1

Efficacy of the combination (atovaquone and chemoradiotherapy), measured by objective tumour response via RECIST 1.1 (Eisenhauer, et al. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 2009;45(2):228-247). Scale of response assessed as Progressive Disease (PD) (worst outcome), Stable Disease (SD), Partial Response (PR), Complete Response (CR) (best outcome).

Time frame:
At 3 months post completion of chemoradiotherapy (up to 25 weeks after first dose of atovaquone)
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Objective Tumour Response to Treatment With Atovaquone in Combination With Chemoradiotherapy, as Evaluated by CT or PET-CT Scan and Quantified by RECIST 1.1
ParticipantsDose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT
Complete Response (CR)0001
Partial Response (PR)2217
Stable Disease (SD)1002
Progressive Disease (PD)0003

Adverse events

Collected over Adverse events (including serious events) are reported from first dose of atovaquone to last follow up visit at 6 months post chemoradiotherapy (up to 38 weeks).. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Dose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT0/3 (0%)2/3 (66.7%)3/3 (100%)
Dose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT0/2 (0%)1/2 (50%)2/2 (100%)
Dose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT0/1 (0%)0/1 (0%)1/1 (100%)
Dose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT2/15 (13.3%)7/15 (46.7%)15/15 (100%)
Most frequent serious events
Showing 10 of 11
Most frequent serious events
EventDose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT
VomitingGastrointestinal disorders0/31/20/10/15
AtaxiaNervous system disorders1/30/20/10/15
Angina pectorisCardiac disorders1/30/20/10/15
Acute kidney injuryRenal and urinary disorders1/30/20/10/15
PneumonitisRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders0/30/20/12/15
DiarrhoeaGastrointestinal disorders0/30/20/12/15
HyperglycaemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders0/30/20/11/15
PneumoniaInfections and infestations0/30/20/11/15
Chest painGeneral disorders0/30/20/11/15
Inflammatory bowel diseaseGastrointestinal disorders0/30/20/11/15
Most frequent other events
Showing 10 of 19
Most frequent other events
EventDose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRT
Gastrointestinal DisordersGastrointestinal disorders3/32/21/114/15
General Disorders & Administration Site ConditionsGeneral disorders3/32/21/111/15
Hepatobiliary disordersHepatobiliary disorders0/30/21/10/15
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disordersRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders2/30/20/111/15
Cardiac DisordersCardiac disorders2/30/20/10/15
Musculoskeletal & Connective Tissue DisordersMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders2/31/20/13/15
Nervous System DisordersNervous system disorders2/31/20/19/15
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disordersSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders2/30/20/14/15
Infections & InfestationsInfections and infestations0/30/20/18/15
Metabolism & Nutrition DisordersMetabolism and nutrition disorders1/31/20/18/15

Baseline characteristics

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(Years)Dose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTTotal
Mean67.3 ± 17.748.0 ± 9.965.0 ± NA65.2 ± 16.463.9 ± 10.7
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Dose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTTotal
Female01067
Male311914
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Dose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTTotal
Hispanic or Latino00000
Not Hispanic or Latino321915
Unknown or Not Reported00066
Smoking status
Smoking status(Participants)Dose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTTotal
Never smoked11002
Ex-smoker2011316
Current smoker01023
Non-small cell lung cancer sub-type
Non-small cell lung cancer sub-type(Participants)Dose Level 1 - 450 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 2 - 600 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 3 - 675 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTDose Level 4 - 750 mg BD Atovaquone + Concurrent CRTTotal
Adenocarcinoma31048
Squamous cell carcinoma0111113
08

Study locations

3 sites
  • Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian
    Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
  • Guy's and St Thomas'
    London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
  • Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals
    Oxford, OX3 7LE, United Kingdom
09

References and documents

Study documents

  • Study protocol · Mar 23, 2020
  • Statistical analysis plan · Jun 17, 2021

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

10

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 29, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04648033
Lead sponsor
University of Oxford
Collaborators
Cancer Research UK, National Institute for Health Research, United Kingdom, NHS Lothian, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, NHS Research Scotland, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Dec 1, 2020
Start date
Dec 7, 2020
Primary completion
Oct 2, 2023
Completion
Oct 2, 2023
Results posted
Nov 25, 2024
Last update
Jan 29, 2026

Study contacts

Geoffrey Higgins
principal investigator · University of Oxford

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in May 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion