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CompletedNCT04619043Updated Sep 15, 2023

Understanding the Effects of Quantitatively-Prescribing Passive-Dynamic Ankle-Foot Orthosis Bending Stiffness for Individuals Post-Stroke

An interventional study of Ankle Orthotic in Gait, Hemiplegic, sponsored by University of Delaware. Completed at 1 site in United States. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-09-15.

Sponsored by University of Delaware · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was Jun 2023, 3 years 4 months ago, and no results have been posted to the registry.
  • Registered 4 years 9 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Jan 2016, registered Oct 2020).
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
32
Allocation
Not applicable
Sex
All
01

Study summary

When people walk, their ankle joints help to hold them upright and move them forward. Ankle braces are often given to people who have had a stroke to help their ankle joints work properly. The investigators have developed a method to design and make a special type of ankle brace that allows the investigators to control every characteristic of the ankle brace, allowing the investigators to customize the ankle brace to fit and function just the way the investigators want it to. The investigators think that ankle braces customized to meet the needs of each individual person will help the participants walk better. The investigators have also developed a prescription model that tells the investigators how to customize these ankle braces to address different levels of two common impairments experienced by people post stroke -decreased ability to move the ankle joint and weakened calf muscles. The purpose of this study is to test the prescription model to see if wearing the ankle brace customized based on the prescription model improves people's ability to walk. To accomplish this goal, the investigators will first measure each person's ability to move his/her ankle joint and the strength of his/her calf muscles. The investigators will put this information in to the prescription model to determine how to customize the ankle brace for each person. The investigators will then use the method developed to make the customized ankle brace. Finally, the investigators will measure how each person walks in the ankle brace customized just for the participants. This study will allow the investigators to validate and/or refine the prescription model and teach the investigators how persons post-stroke adapt to walking in ankle braces with different characteristics.

02

Conditions studied

  • Gait, Hemiplegic
03

In context

Gait Disorders, Neurologic

327 studies on the registry are indexed under Gait Disorders, Neurologic; 54 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 32 is close to the median of 30 across 246 interventional studies indexed under Gait Disorders, Neurologic.

Browse Gait Disorders, Neurologic studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Delaware is the lead sponsor of 125 studies on the registry; 23 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
Child (0–17), Adult (18–64), Older adult (65+)
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • 21-85 years of age
  • chronic hemiparesis stroke (> 6 months post stroke)
  • prescribed an AFO by a clinician
  • able to walk for at least two minutes without assistance from another person
  • adequate paretic dorsiflexion range-of-motion (RoM ≥ 12°)
  • plantar flexor strength deficits (peak paretic plantar flexion moment in gait at least 0.15 Nm/kg lower than the mean speed-matched, height normalized value from our normative database)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • cerebellar signs (ataxic ("drunken") gait or decreased coordination during rapid alternating hand or foot movements)
  • neurologic conditions other than stroke
  • more than one stroke
  • sensorimotor neglect
  • intermittent claudication
  • inability to walk outside the home prior to the stroke
  • total joint replacement and orthopedic problems in the lower limbs or spine that limit walking
  • coronary artery bypass graft or myocardial infarction within past 3 months
  • unexplained dizziness in last 6 months
  • cannot understand spoken instruction, communicate with the investigators
  • walk for 2 minutes at a self-selected speed without assistance from another person (assistive device allowed)
  • must have a resting heart rate between 40-100 beats per minute and a resting blood pressure between 90/60 to 170/90.
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
32 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Ankle Orthotic

    The participant will wear two different ankle orthotics, their currently prescribed orthotic and the experimental orthotic.

    Device: Ankle Orthotic

Interventions

  • DeviceAnkle Orthotic
06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Peak Plantar Flexion Moment

    The peak plantar flexion moment (Newton - meters per degree) will be measured at 0, 2, and 4 weeks via an instrumented gait analysis while the participant walks at their self-selected walking speed wearing their ankle brace.

    Time frame: 4 weeks

  2. Step Length

    Step Length (meters) will be measured via an instrumented gait analysis 0, 2, and 4 weeks while the participant walks at their self-selected walking speed wearing their ankle brace.

    Time frame: 4 weeks

  3. Step Ratio

    Step ratio (unitless) will be measured via an instrumented gait analysis 0, 2, and 4 weeks while the participant walks at their self-selected walking speed wearing their ankle brace.

    Time frame: 4 weeks

  4. Propulsion Impulse Ratio

    Propulsion Impulse Ratio (unitless) will be measured via an instrumented gait analysis 0, 2, and 4 weeks while the participant walks at their self-selected walking speed wearing their ankle brace.

    Time frame: 4 weeks

  5. Ankle Power

    Ankle Power (Work) will be measured via an instrumented gait analysis 0, 2, and 4 weeks while the participant walks at their self-selected walking speed wearing their ankle brace.

    Time frame: 4 weeks

  6. Propulsion Force

    Propulsion Force (Newtons) will be measured via an instrumented gait analysis 0, 2, and 4 weeks while the participant walks at their self-selected walking speed wearing their ankle brace.

    Time frame: 4 weeks

07

Study locations

1 site
  • University of Delaware STAR Campus
    Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Olney SJ, Griffin MP, McBride ID. Temporal, kinematic, and kinetic variables related to gait speed in subjects with hemiplegia: a regression approach. Phys Ther. 1994 Sep;74(9):872-85. doi: 10.1093/ptj/74.9.872. PubMed 8066114 ↗
  • Nadeau S, Gravel D, Arsenault AB, Bourbonnais D. Plantarflexor weakness as a limiting factor of gait speed in stroke subjects and the compensating role of hip flexors. Clin Biomech (Bristol). 1999 Feb;14(2):125-35. doi: 10.1016/s0268-0033(98)00062-x. PubMed 10619100 ↗
  • Olney SJ, Richards C. Hemiparetic gait following stroke. Part i: Characteristics. Gait Posture 4:136-148, 1996
  • Peterson CL, Kautz SA, Neptune RR. Muscle work is increased in pre-swing during hemiparetic walking. Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2011 Oct;26(8):859-66. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2011.04.010. Epub 2011 May 24. PubMed 21605927 ↗
  • Peterson CL, Hall AL, Kautz SA, Neptune RR. Pre-swing deficits in forward propulsion, swing initiation and power generation by individual muscles during hemiparetic walking. J Biomech. 2010 Aug 26;43(12):2348-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.04.027. Epub 2010 May 13. PubMed 20466377 ↗
  • Mulroy S, Gronley J, Weiss W, Newsam C, Perry J. Use of cluster analysis for gait pattern classification of patients in the early and late recovery phases following stroke. Gait Posture. 2003 Aug;18(1):114-25. doi: 10.1016/s0966-6362(02)00165-0. PubMed 12855307 ↗
  • Knarr BA, Higginson JS, Binder-Macleod SA. Validation of an adjustment equation for the burst superimposition technique in subjects post-stroke. Muscle Nerve. 2012 Aug;46(2):267-9. doi: 10.1002/mus.23431. PubMed 22806377 ↗
  • Koller C, Reisman D, Richards J, Arch E. Understanding the effects of quantitatively prescribing passive-dynamic ankle-foot orthosis bending stiffness for individuals after stroke. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2021 Aug 1;45(4):313-321. doi: 10.1097/PXR.0000000000000012. PubMed 33840749 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 15, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04619043
Lead sponsor
University of Delaware
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Nov 6, 2020
Start date
Jan 2016
Primary completion
Jun 2023
Completion
Jun 2023
Last update
Sep 15, 2023

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Sep 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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