CClinicalTrials.gg
SuspendedNCT04224727Updated Apr 16, 2024

The Impact of Group Commitment Contracts on Smoking Cessation and Weight Loss

An interventional study of Group Commitment Contract and Individual Monetary Rewards in Smoking Cessation and Weight Loss, sponsored by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.. Suspended at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-04-16.

Sponsored by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention

Why this study was suspended
This study was suspended due to low take-up in the group commitment contracts arm (\~6%), revealing inadequate statistical power to justify moving forward. There were no safety concerns.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
3,600
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

We will conduct a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of group commitment contracts for smoking cessation and weight loss.

Read the detailed description

Initial screening will be conducted online via the Qualtrics survey platform. Respondents meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria will immediately be randomized into one of the intervention arms described below, and then take a baseline survey. This baseline survey will also be conducted online via the Qualtrics survey platform. The initial screening, randomization, and baseline survey should take approximately 15 minutes total and can be completed anywhere the participant has an internet connection.

INTERVENTION: Respondents who meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria will be randomized into one of the following arms:

  1. Control Arm (No Intervention)
  2. Group Contract Arm
  3. Individual Monetary Rewards Arm
  4. Individual Commitment Contract Arm

Subjects in Arms #2-4 will be cross-randomized into two subgroups:

A. Additional information treatments on the likelihood of success of the different incentives and contracts, with the goal of shifting "naives" to "sophisticates."

B. No additional information treatments.

FOLLOW-UP SURVEY: After the participants finish their contract, they will be emailed a link to the follow-up survey that will be administered online via the Qualtrics survey platform. The survey should take approximately 5 minutes and can be completed anywhere the participant has an internet connection. Participants will be directly prompted to answer whether they have been able to quit smoking or lose their target weight in the past six months. If a participant self-reports a claim of smoking cessation or successful weight loss, they will be asked to furnish at-home verification of their claim.

IN-PERSON VERIFICATION: A randomly selected subset of successful participants will be asked for in-person verification of their claim with a urine test (smoking cessation) or in-person weigh-in (weight loss) at a Quest Diagnostics location of their choice.

02

Conditions studied

  • Smoking Cessation
  • Weight Loss
03

In context

Body Weight

1,223 studies on the registry are indexed under Body Weight; 131 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 3,600 is above the median of 64 across 947 interventional studies indexed under Body Weight.

Browse Body Weight studies →

Lead sponsor

National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. is the lead sponsor of 22 studies on the registry; 2 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

  • Aged 18 years or older
  • Has smartphone with capability to reach internet daily and download app
  • Able and willing to visit Quest location or take an at-home verification test
  • Willing to furnish a payment method for commitment contract stakes

If completing a smoking cessation contract:

  • Daily smoker

If completing a weight loss contract:

  • Has access to a functioning scale
  • Interest in losing weight at a pace of 2 lb or fewer per week, with a target BMI at or above 18.5

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnancy
  • Any terminal illness
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
3,600 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • No intervention
    Control

    Subjects are not offered a group commitment contract, individual commitment contract, or individual monetary rewards. Subjects do not receive additional information treatments.

  • Experimental
    Group Commitment Contract + Information

    Subjects are offered a group commitment contract for smoking cessation or weight loss and receive additional information treatments.

    Behavioral: Group Commitment Contract · Other: Information

  • Experimental
    Individual Monetary Rewards + Information

    Subjects are offered individual monetary rewards for smoking cessation or weight loss and receive additional information treatments.

    Behavioral: Individual Monetary Rewards · Other: Information

  • Experimental
    Individual Commitment Contract + Information

    Subjects are offered an individual commitment contract for smoking cessation or weight loss and receive additional information treatments.

    Behavioral: Individual Commitment Contract · Other: Information

  • Experimental
    Group Commitment Contract

    Subjects are offered a group commitment contract for smoking cessation or weight loss and receive no additional information treatments.

    Behavioral: Group Commitment Contract

  • Experimental
    Individual Monetary Rewards

    Subjects are offered individual monetary rewards for smoking cessation or weight loss and receive no additional information treatments.

    Behavioral: Individual Monetary Rewards

  • Experimental
    Individual Commitment Contract

    Subjects are offered an individual commitment contract for smoking cessation or weight loss and receive no additional information treatments.

    Behavioral: Individual Commitment Contract

Interventions

  • BehavioralGroup Commitment Contract

    A group contract where the primary individual, who will be tracked by the study, can invite peers to join the contract and form their group. To initiate a contract, a user must choose: the stakes, start date, and (for weight loss contracts) target weight, and and, optionally, to allow other members to have the power to invite other people to join the group.

  • BehavioralIndividual Monetary Rewards

    Individuals eligible for a $100 monetary reward (incentive) following verified smoking cessation or weight loss.

  • BehavioralIndividual Commitment Contract

    Individuals will have the opportunity to create an individual commitment contract to quit smoking. They will have the option to set the stakes, start date, and (for weight loss contracts) target weight.

  • OtherInformation

    In the initial survey, participants will receive additional information treatments on the likelihood of success of the different incentives and contracts, with the goal of shifting "naives" to "sophisticates."

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Smoking Cessation / Weight Loss

    Participants will be directly prompted to answer whether they have been able to quit smoking or reach their target weight in the past six months. If a participant self-reports a claim of success, they will be asked to furnish at-home (and, in some cases, in-person) verification.

    Time frame: 6 months

Other outcomes

  1. Smoking Cessation / Weight Loss by Sex/Gender, Race, and Ethnicity

    Participants will be directly prompted to answer whether they have been able to quit smoking or reach their target weight in the past six months. If a participant self-reports a claim of success, they will be asked to furnish at-home (and, in some cases, in-person) verification.

    Time frame: 6 months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Northwestern University, Global Poverty Research Lab
    Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes

Supporting information: Study protocol, Sap, Icf, Analytic code

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 16, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04224727
Lead sponsor
National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
Collaborators
Northwestern University
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jan 13, 2020
Start date
Dec 18, 2023
Primary completion
Jun 19, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 19, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Apr 16, 2024

Study contacts

Dean Karlan, PhD
principal investigator · Northwestern University
Anna Tuchman, PhD
principal investigator · Northwestern University
Jonathan Zinman, PhD
principal investigator · Dartmouth College

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is suspended, as verified in Apr 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion