CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT04188106HAVEUpdated Mar 3, 2023Results posted

Efficacy and Tolerability of Combination Varenicline With Hydroxyzine as a Potential Smoking Cessation Treatment

A Phase 4 interventional study of Varenicline Pill and Hydroxyzine Pill in Smoking Cessation, Stress and Sleep Disturbance, sponsored by Rose Research Center, LLC. Completed at 2 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 19 Years to 65 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-03-03.

Sponsored by Rose Research Center, LLC · Phase 4, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
26
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
19 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This open-label study will evaluate hydroxyzine, a first-generation antihistamine, combined with varenicline, to help smokers abstain from smoking during a 12-week trial period by diminishing the nausea, stress, anxiety, and sleep disturbances associated with the use of varenicline and with nicotine withdrawal.

02

Conditions studied

  • Smoking Cessation
  • Stress
  • Sleep Disturbance
  • Nausea
03

In context

Dyssomnias

324 studies on the registry are indexed under Dyssomnias; 51 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 26 is below the median of 60 across 251 interventional studies indexed under Dyssomnias.

Browse Dyssomnias studies →

Lead sponsor

Rose Research Center, LLC is the lead sponsor of 13 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Of its 8 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 3 (38%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
19 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

  1. Has signed the consent form and is able to read and understand the information provided in the consent form.
  2. Is 19 to 65 years of age (inclusive) at screening.
  3. Smokes at least 10 commercially available cigarettes per day for the last 12 months.
  4. Has an expired air carbon monoxide reading of at least 10 ppm at screening.
  5. Express a desire to quit smoking within the next 30 days at screening.
  6. Willing and able to comply with the requirements of the study.
  7. Participant owns a smart phone with text message and data capabilities.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Is unhealthy or cannot participate in the study for any reason (e.g., medical, psychiatric, and/or social reason) as judged by the Investigator or designated medical staff based on all available assessments from the screening period (e.g., safety laboratory, vital signs, physical examination, ECG, concomitant medications and medical history).
  2. PHQ-9 score greater than 9, or a score greater than 0 on item #9 ("Thoughts that you would be better off dead, or of hurting yourself in some way") at screening.
  3. High blood pressure (systolic > 150 mmHg or diastolic >95 mmHg) at screening.
  4. Body mass index (BMI) less than 15.0 kg/m2 or greater than 40.0 kg/m2.
  5. Coronary heart disease, structural cardiac disease, cardiac dysrhythmias, abnormal ECG (e.g. prolonged QTc), syncope, cardiac chest pain, or history of heart attack or heart failure.
  6. Has received psychotherapy or behavioral treatments potentially impacting symptoms of depression, anxiety, or nicotine withdrawal within 30 days of screening, or during the study.
  7. Taking antidepressants, psychoactive medications (e.g. antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, hypnotics) or medications that prolong QTc.
  8. Positive urine drug test for cocaine, marijuana, opiates, amphetamines or methamphetamines.
  9. Use of smokeless tobacco (chewing tobacco, snuff), cigars, pipes, hookah, e-cigarettes, nicotine replacement therapy or other smoking cessation treatments within 14 days of enrollment.
  10. Pregnant or nursing (by self-report) or has a positive pregnancy test.
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
26 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Hydroxyzine and Varenicline

    Participants enrolled in the study will take the FDA approved starter kit of varenicline for the first week of medication administration (0.5 mg nightly for days 1-3, then 0.5 mg twice daily for days 4-7). During the first week, participants will also receive hydroxyzine dosed in a similar manner, 50 mg nightly for the first 3 days, then twice daily, 25 mg in the morning and 50 mg at night. After the first week, participants will receive the FDA-approved dose of varenicline (1 mg twice daily) combined with hydroxyzine, 25 mg in the morning and 50 mg at nighttime. All medications will be dosed orally.

    Drug: Varenicline Pill · Drug: Hydroxyzine Pill

Interventions

  • DrugVarenicline Pill

    FDA approved starter kit of varenicline (0.5 mg nightly for days 1-3, then 0.5 mg twice daily for days 4-7) followed by FDA-approved dose of varenicline (1 mg twice daily) for the remaining 11 weeks

    Also known as: Chantix

  • DrugHydroxyzine Pill

    For the first week, participants will receive 50 mg nightly for the first 3 days, then twice daily, 25 mg in the morning and 50 mg at night for the remaining 12 weeks.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) Following Smoking Cessation (While Taking Arenicline and Hydroxyzine).

    Stress levels in the last 30 days will be measured using the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). The PSS-10 uses a 5-point scale (0 - never, 1 = almost never, 2 = once in a while, 3 = often, 4 = very often). Total scores range from 0 to 40. * Scores ranging from 0-13 would be considered low stress. * Scores ranging from 14-26 would be considered moderate stress. * Scores ranging from 27-40 would be considered high perceived stress.

    Time frame: Weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12

  2. Changes in Anxiety Using the 6-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)

    Trait and state anxiety levels will be monitored for changes using the 6-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). All items are rated on a 4-point scale ("1-Almost Never" to "4-Almost Always"). The range of scores is from 6 to 24. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety.

    Time frame: Weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12

  3. Changes in Depression Using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)

    Depression will be monitored for changes using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 uses a 4-point scale (Not at all = 0; Several days = 1;More than half the days = 2; Nearly every day = 3). The sum of the scores is calculated (Score range is 0 to 27): * 1-4 Minimal depression * 5-9 Mild depression * 10-14 Moderate depression * 15-19 Moderately severe depression * 20-27 Severe depression

    Time frame: Weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12

Secondary outcomes

  1. Effects of Varenicline on Self-reported Smoking Reduction Prior to the Quit Date

    Previous research has shown that abstinence at the end of treatment is strongly predicted by the extent to which smokers spontaneously reduce ad libitum smoking in the initial weeks of pharmacotherapy that is initiated before the quit-smoking date. This measure will assess the extent of smoking reduction in participants during the initial seven days of treatment (prior to their planned quit date) - assessed via a self-report number of cigarettes per day. Data is recorded as a mean change.

    Time frame: 7 Days

  2. Effects of Varenicline on Self-reported Smoking Reduction Prior to the Quit Date

    Previous research has shown that abstinence at the end of treatment is strongly predicted by the extent to which smokers spontaneously reduce ad libitum smoking in the initial weeks of pharmacotherapy that is initiated before the quit-smoking date. This measure will assess the extent of smoking reduction in participants during the initial seven days of treatment (prior to their planned quit date) - assessed via expired air carbon monoxide (CO). Data is recorded as a mean change.

    Time frame: 7 Days

07

Results

Posted Mar 3, 2023

Participant flow

The study was conducted in both the Raleigh, NC and Charlotte, NC offices of Rose Research Center. Enrollment started on 17 June 2019 and ended on 16 September 2019.

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneHydroxyzine and Varenicline
Started26
Completed20
Not completed6
Withdrew: Lost to follow-up5
Withdrew: Non-compliance1

Outcome measures

PrimaryChange in 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) Following Smoking Cessation (While Taking Arenicline and Hydroxyzine).

Stress levels in the last 30 days will be measured using the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). The PSS-10 uses a 5-point scale (0 - never, 1 = almost never, 2 = once in a while, 3 = often, 4 = very often). Total scores range from 0 to 40. * Scores ranging from 0-13 would be considered low stress. * Scores ranging from 14-26 would be considered moderate stress. * Scores ranging from 27-40 would be considered high perceived stress.

Time frame:
Weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale
Change in 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) Following Smoking Cessation (While Taking Arenicline and Hydroxyzine).
score on a scaleHydroxyzine and Varenicline
Change in PPS-10 from BL to Week 1-1.38 ± 2.37
Change in PPS-10 from BL to Week 2-1.48 ± 3
Change in PPS-10 from BL to Week 4-1.55 ± 2.65
Change in PPS-10 from BL to Week 8-2.05 ± 3.58
Change in PPS-10 from BL to Week 12-2.75 ± 3.43
PrimaryChanges in Anxiety Using the 6-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)

Trait and state anxiety levels will be monitored for changes using the 6-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). All items are rated on a 4-point scale ("1-Almost Never" to "4-Almost Always"). The range of scores is from 6 to 24. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety.

Time frame:
Weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale
Changes in Anxiety Using the 6-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)
score on a scaleHydroxyzine and Varenicline
Change in STAI from BL to Week 1-0.54 ± 2.67
Change in STAI from BL to Week 2-1.09 ± 3.79
Change in STAI from BL to Week 4-0.86 ± 4.54
Change in STAI from BL to Week 8-1.82 ± 3.35
Change in STAI from BL to Week 12-1.65 ± 3.59
PrimaryChanges in Depression Using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)

Depression will be monitored for changes using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The PHQ-9 uses a 4-point scale (Not at all = 0; Several days = 1;More than half the days = 2; Nearly every day = 3). The sum of the scores is calculated (Score range is 0 to 27): * 1-4 Minimal depression * 5-9 Mild depression * 10-14 Moderate depression * 15-19 Moderately severe depression * 20-27 Severe depression

Time frame:
Weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale
Changes in Depression Using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)
score on a scaleHydroxyzine and Varenicline
Change in PHQ-9 from BL to Week 1-0.15 ± 1.12
Change in PHQ-9 from BL to Week 20.63 ± 2.16
Change in PHQ-9 from BL to Week 40.43 ± 2.95
Change in PHQ-9 from BL to Week 8-0.27 ± 2.07
Change in PHQ-9 from BL to Week 12-0.41 ± 1.87
SecondaryEffects of Varenicline on Self-reported Smoking Reduction Prior to the Quit Date

Previous research has shown that abstinence at the end of treatment is strongly predicted by the extent to which smokers spontaneously reduce ad libitum smoking in the initial weeks of pharmacotherapy that is initiated before the quit-smoking date. This measure will assess the extent of smoking reduction in participants during the initial seven days of treatment (prior to their planned quit date) - assessed via a self-report number of cigarettes per day. Data is recorded as a mean change.

Time frame:
7 Days
Reported as:
Mean · Cigs smoked per day
Effects of Varenicline on Self-reported Smoking Reduction Prior to the Quit Date
Cigs smoked per dayHydroxyzine and Varenicline -- Successful in Quitting SmokingHydroxyzine and Varenicline -- Unsuccessful in Quitting Smoking
Effects of Varenicline on Self-reported Smoking Reduction Prior to the Quit Date-9.14 ± 2.29-5.53 ± 6.80
SecondaryEffects of Varenicline on Self-reported Smoking Reduction Prior to the Quit Date

Previous research has shown that abstinence at the end of treatment is strongly predicted by the extent to which smokers spontaneously reduce ad libitum smoking in the initial weeks of pharmacotherapy that is initiated before the quit-smoking date. This measure will assess the extent of smoking reduction in participants during the initial seven days of treatment (prior to their planned quit date) - assessed via expired air carbon monoxide (CO). Data is recorded as a mean change.

Time frame:
7 Days
Reported as:
Mean · CO in ppm
Effects of Varenicline on Self-reported Smoking Reduction Prior to the Quit Date
CO in ppmHydroxyzine and Varenicline -- Successful in Quitting SmokingHydroxyzine and Varenicline -- Unsuccessful in Quitting Smoking
Effects of Varenicline on Self-reported Smoking Reduction Prior to the Quit Date-11.00 ± 8.28-2.12 ± 10.02

Adverse events

Collected over Data were collected during the 12 week treatment period.. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Hydroxyzine and Varenicline0/26 (0%)0/26 (0%)21/26 (80.8%)
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventHydroxyzine and Varenicline
NauseaGastrointestinal disorders10/26
HypersomnolenceNervous system disorders9/26
InsomniaNervous system disorders9/26
Mood ChangesPsychiatric disorders7/26
HeadacheNervous system disorders5/26
Elevated blood pressureCardiac disorders4/26
Vivid dreamsNervous system disorders4/26

Baseline characteristics

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)Hydroxyzine and Varenicline
<=18 years0
Between 18 and 65 years26
>=65 years0
Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Hydroxyzine and Varenicline
Mean42.115 ± 11.25
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Hydroxyzine and Varenicline
Female11
Male15
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Hydroxyzine and Varenicline
Hispanic or Latino0
Not Hispanic or Latino26
Unknown or Not Reported0
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Hydroxyzine and Varenicline
American Indian or Alaska Native1
Asian0
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander0
Black or African American7
White18
More than one race0
Unknown or Not Reported0
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(participants)Hydroxyzine and Varenicline
United States26
08

Study locations

2 sites
  • Rose Research Center
    Charlotte, North Carolina 28262, United States
  • Rose Research Center
    Raleigh, North Carolina 27617, United States
09

References and documents

Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · Jun 4, 2019

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

10

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 3, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04188106
Lead sponsor
Rose Research Center, LLC
Collaborators
Foundation for a Smoke Free World INC
Responsible party
Jed Rose (President and CEO, Rose Research Center, LLC) — Principal investigator
First posted
Dec 5, 2019
Start date
Jun 17, 2019
Primary completion
Dec 15, 2019
Completion
Dec 15, 2019
Results posted
Mar 3, 2023
Last update
Mar 3, 2023

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Feb 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion