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CompletedNCT04042207DBLHUUpdated May 10, 2021

Diabeloop for Highly Unstable Type 1 Diabetes

An interventional study of Low Glucose Predictive Suspend system and DBLHU System in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Brittle and Closed-Loop, sponsored by Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche pour l'Intensification du Traitement du Diabète. Completed at 2 sites in France. Open to participants aged 22 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-05-10.

Sponsored by Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche pour l'Intensification du Traitement du Diabète · Not applicable, Interventional, and Device feasibility

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
7
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
22 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Feasibility study, comparing experimental treatment (DBLHU closed-loop system) with reference treatment (Low Glucose Predictive Suspend system) in 7 patients going through a series of N-of-1 trials. Each N-of-1 trial consists in a prospectively planned, multiple crossover study in a single individual. Two blocks of two periods of four weeks each (closed loop or open loop) will be conducted. Within each block, the sequence closed loop-open loop or open loop-close loop is randomized. Outcomes will be analyzed on the third and fourth weeks of period.

A remote monitoring system managed by specialized nurse on behalf of diabetologist, is provided in closed-loop session.

An extension period of 48 weeks with the DBLHU System (closed-loop condition) will be performed at the end of the crossover study phase in real life conditions (without remote monitoring).

02

Conditions studied

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Brittle
  • Closed-Loop

Keywords

  • Artificial pancreas
  • Very Unstable Type 1 diabetes
03

In context

Diabetes Mellitus

10,923 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus; 1,318 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 7 is below the median of 80 across 8,367 interventional studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus studies →

Lead sponsor

Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche pour l'Intensification du Traitement du Diabète is the lead sponsor of 31 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
22 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Subject (aged 22 or more) with Type 1 diabetes for at least 5 years and confirmed C peptide negative
  • Treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) for ≥ 6 months,
  • Trained to carbohydrate counting/flexible insulin therapy,
  • Subject that had experienced, despite optimal diabetes management and prior to any equipment with Smartguard technology, glucose instability as defined by at least 2 of the following criteria which would have led to eligibility for pancreatic islet transplantation:

    • occurrence of at least 1 severe hypoglycemic episode during the past 12 months (need for third party),
    • occurrence of ketoacidosis (hospitalization in ICU) without explanation
    • Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (Clark Score ≥ 4; Gold Score > 4)
    • glucose levels: standard deviation > 50% of the arithmetic mean value on glucose meter or > 40 mg/dl on CGM on a 14-day recording
    • glucose levels: MAGE (mean amplitude of glucose excursions) index > 60 mg/dl
    • glucose levels: coefficient of variation (CV) > 36%
  • with persisting extreme glucose variability despite optimal medical care
  • with contra-indication or no agreement to undertake pancreatic islet transplantation or pancreas transplantation.
  • Subject willing to wear the DBLHU system continuously throughout the study

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • patient with type 2 diabetes
  • age \< 22 years old
  • patient without any social or familial support able to intervene in case of severe hypoglycemic event
  • any permanent and severe condition able to interact with the normal course of the study
  • patient with insulin-resistance defined by insulin requirements > 1.5U/kg/d
  • patient with a daily dose of insulin required greater than 90 units
  • patient receiving a total daily dose of insulin less than 8 U
  • use of any insulin that is not 100 U/mL fast-acting insulin analog
  • patient suffering from a serious illness or a treatment that might significantly impair diabetes physiology, i.e. glucose-insulin interactions, that might interfere with the medical device (for example irregular treatment of steroids)
  • patient having severe problems of uncorrected hearing and/or visual acuity
  • patient who is unable to understand and perform all the instructions provided by Diabeloop SA
  • patient not willing to perform ≥4 finger stick blood glucose measurements daily
  • patients that have frequent exposure to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scan, or high-frequency electrical heat (diathermy) treatment.
  • patient who has had a pancreatectomy or who has pancreatic malfunctions
  • patient having severely altered renal function (Creatinine clearance \< 30ml/min)
  • patient on dialysis
  • pregnancy or breast-feeding patient, or project of pregnancy during the next 6 months
  • lack of effective contraception in women of childbearing potential
  • all conditions excluding participation to clinical research as defined in France
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Device feasibility
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
7 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Reference treatment (Open-Loop)

    Sensor-augmented pump therapy (SAP) namely the Low Glucose Predictive Suspend system or LGPS and a blinded glucose sensor (Dexcom G6) followed by a 48-week extension period in closed-loop condition

    Device: Low Glucose Predictive Suspend system · Device: DBLHU System

  • Experimental
    DBLHU system (Closed-Loop)

    DBLHU software (a Model Predictive Control \[MPC\]-based glucose control algorithm) running on handset associated with the six-generation glucose sensor (Dexcom G6) and Kaleido insulin pump followed by a 48-week extension period in closed-loop condition

    Device: DBLHU System

Interventions

  • DeviceLow Glucose Predictive Suspend system

    consists of sensor-augmented pump therapy (SAP) / Low Glucose Predictive Suspend system (with predictive low glucose management technology)

    Also known as: Open-loop condition

  • DeviceDBLHU System

    DBLHU system embeds a regulation algorithm to automatically regulate the patient's glycaemia. It takes as input glycaemia value received every 5 minutes from the CGM and patient inputs related to meals and physical activities and it calculates the amount of insulin to be delivered. It sends this information to the pump that automatically delivers this quantity.

    Also known as: Closed-loop condition

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Percentage of CGM time in glucose range 70-180 mg/dl, during 24 hours periods for the third and fourth week for each treatment period

    Measured by continuous glucose monitoring

    Time frame: 14 days for each treatment period

Secondary outcomes

  1. Evolution over time of the DBLHU system's performance on a day-to-day and determination of the optimization delay of glycemic control

    Measured by continuous glucose monitoring

    Time frame: Over twenty-four hour periods on the four weeks of each treatment period and of the 24-week and 48-week extented CL period.

  2. Percent of CGM time in glucose range 70-180 mg/dl during nighttime.

    Measured by continuous glucose monitoring

    Time frame: Overnight (defined as 00:00 to 06:00) periods on the third and fourth week of each treatment period and during the last 4 weeks of the 24-week and 48-week extented CL period.

  3. Percent of CGM time in glucose range 70-180 mg/dl during daytime.

    Measured by continuous glucose monitoring

    Time frame: Over daytime (defined as 06:00 to 00:00) periods on the third and fourth week of each treatment period and during the last 4 weeks of the 24-week and 48-week extented CL period.

  4. Percent of CGM time with glucose < 70mg/dl, < 60mg/dl, < 54mg/dl and < 50mg/dl

    Measured by continuous glucose monitoring

    Time frame: Over twenty-four hour periods on the third and fourth weeks of each treatment period and during the last 4 weeks of the 24-week and 48-week extented CL period.

  5. Percent of CGM time with glucose > 180mg/dl, > 250mg/dl, > 300mg/dl and > 360mg/dl

    Measured by continuous glucose monitoring

    Time frame: Over twenty-four hour periods on the third and fourth weeks of each treatment period and during the last 4 weeks of the 24-week and 48-week extented CL period.

  6. Average glycemia level

    Measured by continuous glucose monitoring

    Time frame: Over twenty-four hour periods on the third and fourth weeks of each treatment period and during the last 4 weeks of the 24-week and 48-week extented CL period.

  7. Estimated HbA1c (eHbA1c) levels / glucose management indicator (GMI)

    Measured by continuous glucose monitoring

    Time frame: Over twenty-four hour periods on the third and fourth weeks of each treatment period and during the last 4 weeks of the 24-week and 48-week extented CL period.

  8. HbA1c levels

    Measured by blood sampling

    Time frame: HbA1c value at the week 24 and week 48 of extented CL period.

  9. Glucose coefficient of variation (CV) and Standard deviation (SD)

    Measured by continuous glucose monitoring

    Time frame: Over twenty-four hour periods on the third and fourth weeks of each treatment period and during the last 4 weeks of the 24-week and 48-week extented CL period.

  10. Rate of CGM excursions below 54 mg/dl (3.0 mM) for at least 15 min

    Mean time spent in hypoglycaemia, defined as sensor glucose values of 54 mg/dL (3∙0 mmol/L) or lower for more than 15 min consecutively

    Time frame: Over twenty-four hour periods on the third and fourth weeks of each treatment period and during the last 4 weeks of the 24-week and 48-week extented CL period.

  11. Comparison of MAGE index and Low Blood Glucose Index (LBGI)

    Mean amplitude of glucose excursions and Low Glucose index as measured by continuous glucose monitoring

    Time frame: Over twenty-four hour periods on the third and fourth weeks of each treatment period and during 24-week extension period

  12. Number of acute metabolic events (severe hypoglycemia, severe Diabetic Ketoacidosis [DKA])

    Measured by continuous glucose monitoring. Number of severe hypoglycemia is defined as any event requiring third party assistance. DKA events. Subjects will be asked to measure blood ketone levels on if their interstitial glucose is above 300 mg/l beyond the usual timeframe following a meal, as part of the safety evaluation for hyperglycemia.

    Time frame: During 4 weeks of each treatment period and during 24-week and 48-week extension period

  13. Number of severe hypoglycemia with loss of consciousness

    Number of severe hypoglycemia with loss of consciousness

    Time frame: During 4 weeks of each treatment period and during 24-week and 48-week extension period

  14. Number of hospitalizations for severe hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis

    Number of hospitalizations

    Time frame: During 4 weeks of each treatment period and during 24-week and 48-week extension period

  15. For the use and the acceptance, a satisfaction survey will be done on the daily management of diabetes, the modification of daily life with the system dan the fear of hypoglycemia

    DTSQ satisfaction questionnaire, with scale from 6 to 0 where 0 is the worth and 6 the best outcome.

    Time frame: after baseline period (2-week); after crossover period; after 24-week and after 48-week extension period

  16. Percentage of CGM time in glucose range 70-180 mg/dl, during 24 hours periods

    Measured by continuous glucose monitoring

    Time frame: 24-week and 48-week extension period

07

Study locations

2 sites
  • Grenoble Alpes University Hospital
    Grenoble, 38700, France
  • Lille University Hospital
    Lille, 59037, France
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on May 10, 2021, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04042207
Lead sponsor
Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche pour l'Intensification du Traitement du Diabète
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Aug 1, 2019
Start date
Sep 3, 2019
Primary completion
Feb 27, 2020
Completion
Mar 22, 2021
Last update
May 10, 2021

Study contacts

Pierre Yves BENHAMOU, Pr
principal investigator · University Hospital, Grenoble

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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