ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT04024631Updated Sep 21, 2026

Phenotyping Genetic Risk for Type 2 Diabetes

An interventional study of 75g glucose beverage (Glucola, Trutol, or similar brand) and DXA, whole body in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 and Genetics, sponsored by University of Pennsylvania. Recruiting at 2 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 10 Years to 70 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-21.

Sponsored by University of Pennsylvania · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Jun 2019; still recruiting 7 years 4 months later.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
100
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
10 Years to 70 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 17 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 by University of Pennsylvania — 3 open to participants now, 5 under way, none of them phase 3. Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 · University of Pennsylvania.

Planned enrollment
6th of 14
100 · median 66
Started
2019
with 1 other
No phase
10 of 17
2 open now
Registered
13th of 17
by date

Among the 17 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 by University of Pennsylvania, this one is the 6th largest by planned enrollment of the 14 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 2 that started in 2019, is one of 10 with no phase, and was the 13th registered.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

10,371 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; 1,406 are open to participants now.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 studies →

Open to participants now

3 of the 17 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 by University of Pennsylvania are open now, in 1 country. Recruiting first, the newest first:

By country, each count listing its studies:

All 3 open studies →

Where they have run

Who these studies take

Of the 883 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 studies recruiting now, 373 (42%) set no upper age limit and 384 (43%) stop at 75 or younger; 52 take children under 18; 203 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 10 Years to 70 Years · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.

The full table on the hub →

This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 17 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 by University of Pennsylvania, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

This study tests the hypothesis that non-diabetic individuals with a high genetic risk score for type 2 diabetes have impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance compared to those with a low genetic risk score for type 2 diabetes.

Read the detailed description

The study team will recruit individuals based on genetic risk score for type 2 diabetes from the biobank populations who have agreed to be recontacted for future research. Each participant will undergo a frequently sampled four-hour oral glucose tolerance test and whole body DXA scan (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) in addition to baseline laboratory and history assessment.

03

Conditions studied

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
  • Genetics

Keywords

  • polygenic risk for type 2 diabetes
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
10 Years to 70 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age 10-70 years
  • Prior participant of the UPenn Biobank or Center for Applied Genomics Biobank and agreed to be recontacted for future research.
  • Adults with 25kg/m2 or higher, children and adolescents with BMI 85th percentile or higher

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • prior diagnosis of type 1, type 2, or secondary diabetes
  • use of medications that would impact glucose and insulin response such as , metformin or other anti-diabetic medication
  • acute illness that may impact insulin and glucose dynamics
  • pregnancy
  • hypothalamic obesity or related genetic disorder of metabolism
  • recent systemic chemotherapy use
  • gastrointestinal impairment or surgery that may impact absorption
  • anemia
  • major organ system illness or any underlying condition requiring regular medication or treatment that could make implementation of the protocol or interpretation of the study results difficult
  • inability to comply with study protocol
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
100 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Other
    Phenotyping

    All participants will undergo a four-hour frequently sampled oral glucose tolerance test in which they will ingest a 75g glucose beverage (intervention) within five minutes and have samples collected at baseline and for four hours after. They will also undergo a whole body DXA (intervention) during the study day.

    Other: 75g glucose beverage (Glucola, Trutol, or similar brand) · Other: DXA, whole body

Interventions

  • Other75g glucose beverage (Glucola, Trutol, or similar brand)

    Subjects will present fasting to the study day and ingest the glucose beverage during the oral glucose tolerance test.

  • OtherDXA, whole body

    Subjects will undergo a whole body DXA scan for assessment of adiposity index and body fat distribution.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Glucose response to an oral glucose load

    Glucose area under the curve after the 75g glucose beverage

    Time frame: samples will be collected over four hours and these results will be used to calculate area under the curve

Secondary outcomes

  1. Visceral adiposity index

    DXA whole body scan visceral adiposity index

    Time frame: DXA scan will be obtained on the same day as the oral glucose test and will be completed in less than 30 minutes

  2. HOMA-IR

    Insulin resistance estimate

    Time frame: calculated from baseline fasting insulin and glucose levels

  3. Disposition index

    product of insulin sensitivity and amount of insulin released; calculated using mixed modeling techniques

    Time frame: samples will be collected over four hours after the 75g glucose beverage and these results will be used for mixed modeling

07

Study locations

1 of 2 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Jun 2019 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Jun 2027, 96 months after the start.

Of 2,066 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, half reached primary completion within 21 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 40. This study's planned 96 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 2,243 studies reached it within 21 months; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 39.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jul 13, 2019
First posted
Jul 18, 2019
StartActual
Jun 17, 2019
Primary completionEst.
Jun 30, 2027
CompletionEst.
Jun 30, 2027
Last update
Sep 21, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 21, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04024631
Responsible party
Jessica R.Wilson, MD, MS (Instructor in Medicine, University of Pennsylvania) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jul 18, 2019
Start date
Jun 17, 2019
Primary completion
Jun 30, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 30, 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 21, 2026

Study contacts

Jessica R Wilson, MD, MS
Contact
jessica.wilson3@uphs.upenn.edu
215 898-3389
Jessica R Wilson, MD, MS
principal investigator · University of Pennsylvania
Lorraine Levitt Katz, MD
principal investigator · Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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