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RecruitingNCT04011254HeMSAUpdated Apr 14, 2023

Haemodialysis fMRI Salt Appetite Study

An observational study in Dialysis and Excess Interdialytic Weight Gain, sponsored by Imperial College London. Recruiting at 1 site in United Kingdom. Open to male participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-04-14.

Sponsored by Imperial College London · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Dec 2025, 10 months ago, but the record still lists the study as recruiting.
  • Started Feb 2020; still recruiting 6 years 8 months later.
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
90
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
Male
01

Study summary

  1. Assessing how the rapid removal of salt and water by haemodialysis alters regional brain activity (by measurement of the brain blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal using functional MRI) during tasting of soup of differing salt concentrations.
  2. Identify differences in the brain response to salt taste pre- and post-haemodialysis between haemodialysis patients who are either able or unable to control between dialysis weight gain
Read the detailed description

HeMSA Study Phase 2 Up to 20 male, haemodialysis patient who have average %IDWG >4% will be recruited with the target, to proceed to scanning, of 14 patients. Following consent the patients will complete questionnaires (including Salt intake questionnaire - DSQ (Gkza and Davenport, 2017), Edinburgh handedness questionnaire (Oldfield, 1971), MRI checklist) and undergo salt taste preference and threshold testing during a 1 hour session prior to dialysis. The purpose of this visit is to establish the tasteless solution and 2 soup salt concentrations to be used in the salt taste fMRI paradigm, obtain baseline data regarding estimate of salt intake and ensure MRI is safe for this patient.

Patients will then attend 2 MRI scanning visits at the Hammersmith Hospital Imperial Campus, one the morning immediately before haemodialysis and one the morning after haemodialysis. Prior to the MRI session, at the Imperial College Clinical Research Facility, the patient will undergo various clinical assessments and have venous blood samples taken. The MRI will be undertaken at the Imperial College Clinical Imaging Facility using a Siemens 3T Verio scanner. During the scan subjects will taste, via a taste delivery system, aliquots of tasteless solution, sucralose, and 2 soup with different concentrations of salt. Solutions will be delivered in a block design.

HeMSA Study Phase 3 3 groups (healthy controls, haemodialysis (HD) patients with %IDWG \<4%, haemodialysis patients with %IDWG >4% - patients froms phase 2 will contribute to the latter group) Protocol will follow that for HeMSA Phase 2. Healthy controls will also have 2 study visits at a similar period apart to the HD participants.

02

Conditions studied

  • Dialysis
  • Excess Interdialytic Weight Gain

Browse trials for

Keywords

  • salt taste preference
  • salt taste sensitivity
  • functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Dialysis
  • Salt taste
  • salt intake
03

In context

Weight Gain

317 studies on the registry are indexed under Weight Gain; 48 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 90 is below the median of 110 across 53 observational studies indexed under Weight Gain.

Browse Weight Gain studies →

Lead sponsor

Imperial College London is the lead sponsor of 843 studies on the registry; 180 are open to participants now.

Of its 9 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 6 (67%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
Male
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Haemodialysis patients under the care of Imperial College NHS Healthcare Trust and healthy controls

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

All participants:

  • Male
  • Aged 18-65 years
  • Non-smoker (ex-smokers allowed)
  • Right handed (able to use a right handed response button)
  • Able to tolerate 1 hour MRI scanning session

For haemodialysis patients:

  • Established on haemodialysis for more than 6 months
  • Urine output \<200ml/24 hours
  • Average (over the past month) interdialytic weight gain:

    1. Main phase 2: >4 %IDWG
    2. Main phase 3: \<4 or >4 %IDWG

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus
  • Current smoker
  • Uncontrolled depression (change in use of anti-depressants in last 3 months, or BDI-II score >28/63)
  • Neurological disorder (Parkinson's disease, serious cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy, moderate-severe traumatic brain injury, dementia)
  • Previous bariatric surgery
  • Inflammatory state (CRP >20 on routine dialysis blood tests)
  • Acute infective illness
  • Significant current or past medical or psychiatric history, or use of medications, that, in the opinion of the Investigators, contraindicates their participation, due to influence on outcome measures.
  • Patients lacking capacity or unable to consent and non-English language speakers
  • to MRI imaging e.g. metal insert, pacemaker
  • Claustrophobia
  • Patients currently participating in an active CTIMP trial, or within 4 half-lives of last administration of CTIMP product
  • Serious mental illness (e.g. bipolar disorder, schizophrenia)
  • Current alcohol or drug dependence
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
90 participants (estimated)
Patient registry
No
Biospecimen retention
Samples with dna

Groups and cohorts

  • Healthy Control

    Healthy control

  • Haemodialysis %IDWG >4%

    Patient on regular haemodialysis with average IDWG \>4%

    Procedure: haemodialysis

  • Haemodialysis %IDWG <4%

    Patient on regular haemodialysis with average IDWG \<4%

    Procedure: haemodialysis

Interventions

  • Procedurehaemodialysis

    Routine haemodialysis session

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in regional brain BOLD signal during tasting of soup of differing salt concentrations (vs. artificial saliva) pre dialysis session verse post dialysis session

    Regional brain BOLD signal during tasting of soup of differing salt concentrations (vs. artificial saliva) ROI including insula, amygdala, ventral tegmental area, pre frontal cortex,

    Time frame: 1 week (maximal time between pre and post dialysis scan)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in ratings of salt liking and intensity across different salt concentrations of soup

    Ratings of liking, via Labelled Hedonic Scale (LHS) (-100=Most disliked sensation imaginable, 0=neural, 100=Most liked sensation imaginable), of salted soup of 2 concentrations pre dialysis session verse post dialysis session

    Time frame: 1 week (maximal time between pre and post dialysis scan)

  2. Change in ratings of sweet liking and intensity pre dialysis session verse post dialysis session

    Ratings of liking and intensity, via Labelled Hedonic Scale (LHS) (-100=Most disliked sensation imaginable, 0=neural, 100=Most liked sensation imaginable), of sucralose solution

    Time frame: 1 week (maximal time between pre and post dialysis scan)

  3. Ratings of sour liking and intensity

    Rating of liking and intensity, via Labelled Hedonic Scale (LHS) (-100=Most disliked sensation imaginable, 0=neural, 100=Most liked sensation imaginable) of citrate pre dialysis session verse post dialysis session

    Time frame: 1 week (maximal time between pre and post dialysis scan)

  4. Salt threshold testing

    The lowest concentration of saline solution detected by taste. pre dialysis session verse post dialysis session

    Time frame: 1 week (maximal time between pre and post dialysis scan)

  5. Arterial spin labelling

    arterial spin labelling measurement of regional cerebral blood flow at rest pre dialysis session verse post dialysis session

    Time frame: 1 week (maximal time between pre and post dialysis scan)

  6. cerebral vascular reactivity pre dialysis session verse post dialysis session

    BOLD signal changes during breath hold to assess BOLD signal reactivity to increased CO2 concentrations

    Time frame: 1 week (maximal time between pre and post dialysis scan)

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 14, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04011254
Collaborators
Yale University, Forschungszentrum Juelich
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jul 8, 2019
Start date
Feb 17, 2020
Primary completion
Dec 31, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Apr 14, 2023

Study contacts

Eleanor C Sandhu, MBBS
Contact
eleanor.sandhu@nhs.net
02033133980
Tony Goldstone, MRCP PhD
Contact
tony.goldstone@imperial.ac.uk
02075945989
Eleanor C Sandhu, MBBS
principal investigator · Imperial College London
Tony Goldstone, MRCP PhD
study director · Imperial College London

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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