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CompletedNCT04010266Updated Feb 14, 2024Results posted

RelieVRx for Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) for the Reduction of Acute Postoperative Pain and Opioid Use

An interventional study of RelieVRx headset and multi-modality pain management in Opioid Use, Arthropathy of Knee and Pain, Postoperative, sponsored by AppliedVR Inc.. Completed at 3 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-02-14.

Sponsored by AppliedVR Inc. · Not applicable, Interventional, and Supportive care

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
63
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This is a single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled study of the appliedVR RelieVRx headset in subjects undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). This study will evaluate two primary endpoints - effectiveness of a single use of RelieVRx in the reduction of acute postoperative pain by 20%; and overall effectiveness of RelieVRx as an opioid-sparing intervention, where opioid consumption is reduced by at least 20% over a 90-day postoperative period in the interventional, standard of care (SOC) plus RelieVRx group compared to the control, SOC group.

Read the detailed description

This is a single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled study of the appliedVR RelieVRx headset in subjects undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). Patients will be randomized to one of the two groups after study enrollment, and patients in the test arm will be educated about the device preoperatively to facilitate its use in the acute post-operative period. The goals of VR will be presented in the context of an alternate method of pain control to opioids. This study will evaluate two primary endpoints - effectiveness of a single use of RelieVRx in the reduction of acute postoperative pain by 20%; and overall effectiveness of RelieVRx as an opioid-sparing intervention, where opioid consumption is reduced by at least 20% over a 90-day postoperative period in the interventional, standard of care (SOC) plus RelieVRx group compared to the control, SOC group.

02

Conditions studied

  • Opioid Use
  • Arthropathy of Knee
  • Pain, Postoperative

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03

In context

Pain, Postoperative

5,093 studies on the registry are indexed under Pain, Postoperative; 1,140 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 63 is below the median of 75 across 4,344 interventional studies indexed under Pain, Postoperative.

Browse Pain, Postoperative studies →

Lead sponsor

AppliedVR Inc. is the lead sponsor of 5 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  1. Subject is ≥ 18 years old
  2. Subject is willing and able to read, comprehend, and sign the study informed consent form in English prior to study specific procedure
  3. Subject is scheduled for Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) surgery
  4. Subject has a score of 1-3 based on the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System
  5. Subject attended the pre-op Total Joint Arthroplasty Patient Education class (Proven Recovery Program©)
  6. Subject agrees to be enrolled in Force Therapeutics, a web-based, digital rehabilitation and education program
  7. Subject has family member or community support during post-surgical recovery period

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Diagnosed with chronic pain syndrome
  2. Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 40
  3. Current tobacco user at time of surgery
  4. Uncontrolled sleep apnea
  5. Bilateral TKA
  6. Current or recent history (in past year) of substance abuse disorder
  7. Uncontrolled diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 7.0) 7.8 at time of surgery
  8. History of Pulmonary Embolism (PE) or Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
  9. Currently being treated with blood thinners at time of surgery
  10. Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
  11. Has Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
  12. Currently pregnant/breastfeeding or planning to in the next 3 months
  13. Comorbidities including neurological, psychosocial, sensory, or other disorders that may impact pain perception
  14. Diagnosis of epilepsy, dementia, migraines, or other neurological disorders that may prevent VR usage, and/or other medical conditions predisposed to nausea and dizziness
  15. Hypersensitivity to flashing lights or motion
  16. Claustrophobia
  17. Lack of stereoscopic vision
  18. Severe hearing impairment
  19. Injury to eyes, face, or neck that prevents comfortable VR usage
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Supportive care
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
63 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Standard of care group

    Receive standard of care for pain management, do not receive RelieVRx headset

    Drug: multi-modality pain management

  • Experimental
    Standard of care + RelieVRx group

    Receive standard of care for pain management, plus RelieVRx headset

    Device: RelieVRx headset · Drug: multi-modality pain management

Interventions

  • DeviceRelieVRx headset

    RelieVRx is a virtual reality therapy intended as adjunctive treatment for acute surgical pain

  • Drugmulti-modality pain management

    combination of medications may be used such as a local anesthesia, ibuprofen, acetaminophen, gabapentin, ketamine, lidocaine, and opioids

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Acute Postoperative Pain

    Visual Analog Pain scale; worst 0-10 best

    Time frame: 90 days

  2. Opioid Consumption

    Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MME)

    Time frame: 90 days

Secondary outcomes

  1. KOOS Jr. Score

    short form of knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score; worst 0 - 100 best

    Time frame: 90 days

  2. Veterans RAND 12 Health Survey (VR-12) - Physical Component Score

    This is a measure of quality of life. The VR-12 provides a physical component score (i.e., physical health domain) that provides larger weights for four of the domains (physical function, role-physical, bodily pain, and general health). This is a 12 items survey. VR-12 scores are standardized using a T-score metric with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. Larger values imply greater physical function and quality of life.

    Time frame: 90 days

07

Results

Posted Feb 14, 2024

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneStandard of Care GroupStandard of Care + RelieVRx Group
Started3231
Completed2418
Not completed813

Outcome measures

PrimaryAcute Postoperative Pain

Visual Analog Pain scale; worst 0-10 best

Time frame:
90 days
Reported as:
Mean · units on a scale
Acute Postoperative Pain
units on a scaleStandard of Care GroupStandard of Care + RelieVRx Group
Acute Postoperative Pain5.13 ± 1.794.42 ± 1.17
PrimaryOpioid Consumption

Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MME)

Time frame:
90 days
Reported as:
Median · Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MME)
Opioid Consumption
Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MME)Standard of Care GroupStandard of Care + RelieVRx Group
Opioid Consumption-28.0 (-35.0 to -23.5)-34.8 (-37.0 to -23.5)
SecondaryKOOS Jr. Score

short form of knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score; worst 0 - 100 best

Time frame:
90 days
Reported as:
Median · score on a scale
KOOS Jr. Score
score on a scaleStandard of Care GroupStandard of Care + RelieVRx Group
KOOS Jr. Score27.6 (17.5 to 38.0)32.2 (21.2 to 42.0)
SecondaryVeterans RAND 12 Health Survey (VR-12) - Physical Component Score

This is a measure of quality of life. The VR-12 provides a physical component score (i.e., physical health domain) that provides larger weights for four of the domains (physical function, role-physical, bodily pain, and general health). This is a 12 items survey. VR-12 scores are standardized using a T-score metric with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. Larger values imply greater physical function and quality of life.

Time frame:
90 days
Reported as:
Median · score on a scale
Veterans RAND 12 Health Survey (VR-12) - Physical Component Score
score on a scaleStandard of Care GroupStandard of Care + RelieVRx Group
Veterans RAND 12 Health Survey (VR-12) - Physical Component Score7.2 (2.0 to 11.4)9.5 (4.0 to 12.8)

Adverse events

Collected over 4 months for each patient. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Standard of Care Group0/32 (0%)0/32 (0%)0/32 (0%)
Standard of Care + RelieVRx Group0/31 (0%)0/31 (0%)0/31 (0%)

Baseline characteristics

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Standard of Care GroupStandard of Care + RelieVRx GroupTotal
Mean50.3 ± 12.551.4 ± 13.850.9 ± 13.2
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Standard of Care GroupStandard of Care + RelieVRx GroupTotal
Female151429
Male171734
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Standard of Care GroupStandard of Care + RelieVRx GroupTotal
American Indian or Alaska Native000
Asian000
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander000
Black or African American112
White302959
More than one race000
Unknown or Not Reported112
Numerical Pain Rating Scale
Numerical Pain Rating Scale(units on a scale)Standard of Care GroupStandard of Care + RelieVRx GroupTotal
Mean5.78 ± 1.545.76 ± 1.345.77 ± 1.44
08

Study locations

3 sites
  • Geisinger Medical Center
    Danville, Pennsylvania 17822, United States
  • Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical Center
    Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18711, United States
  • Geisinger South Wilkes Barre
    Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania 18765, United States
09

References and documents

Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · Mar 17, 2020

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

10

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 14, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04010266
Lead sponsor
AppliedVR Inc.
Collaborators
Geisinger Clinic, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jul 8, 2019
Start date
Mar 1, 2021
Primary completion
Aug 31, 2022
Completion
Aug 31, 2023
Results posted
Feb 14, 2024
Last update
Feb 14, 2024

Study contacts

Dr. Michael Suk
principal investigator · Geisinger Clinic

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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